FINAL ENVS GUIDE EXAM 2
chapter 12 Approximately what percentage of the world's croplands are used to feed domestic animals?
33%
chapter 8 : In hypothetical country A, everyone dies when they reach the age of 60. In hypothetical country B, which has a better health care system, everyone dies when they reach the age of 80. If the total population of both countries is stable, what percentage of the total population would you expect to be in the age group 21-40 years inclusive?
33% in country A and 25% in country B
chapter 4 : A population is growing exponentially with a doubling time of 10 years. If the size of the population now is 400, what was the size of the population 30 years ago?
50
chapter 11 Which one of the following soil horizons is also called topsoil?
A
chapter 9 : Which one of the following was not part of China's one-child policy?
Additional food rations for same-sex couples
Which one of the following statements is true about a Hadley cell?
Air rises at the equator and sinks at 30 degrees latitude
chapter 16 The forms of renewable energy that currently account for the greatest amount of renewable energy production in the United States are
Biomass and hydropower
chapter 11 Which one of the following soil horizons does not contain humus?
C
chapter 14 Which one of the following countries accounts for the most oil imported by the United States?
Canada
chapter 13 The Delaney clause concerns which one of the following?
Carcinogenic food additives
chapter 13 Pheromones have not been used to control which one of the following pests?
Cassava mealybug
In which two of the following countries are the greatest numbers of people living on less than $10 per day?
China and India
chapter 2 : The Montreal Protocol was an international agreement to phase out the production of
Chlorofluorocarbons
chapter 9 : Which one of the following is the major cause of mortality in the least developed countries of the world?
Communicable diseases
Which one of the following is not involved in maintaining population equilibrium?
Drought
chapter 15 Which of the following countries generates the greatest percentage of its electricity from nuclear power plants?
France
chapter 6 : Hardening of urban streams in the name of flood control is an example of which one of the letters of the acronym HIPPO?
H
chapter 10 Which of the following reasons explains why most farmers in the United States do not irrigate their crops via drip irrigation?
Irrigation water is cheap, and initial installation costs are high
chapter 7 : Which of the following countries are continuing commercial whaling despite the 1986 moratorium on whaling imposed by the International Whaling Commission?
Japan and Norway
Which one of the following is an example of primary succession?
Lichens appear on basalt rock 50 years after a volcanic eruption on the Big Island of Hawaii
chapter 10 Global warming during the 21st century is expected to
Speed up the hydrologic cycle and slow the thermohaline circulation of the ocean
chapter 10 Which one of the following contains the most liquid freshwater?
aquifers
chapter 13 The principal concern with the use of neonicotinoid insecticides is their adverse effects on
bees
chapter 15 Which one of the following is not one of the purposes of pumping water through the core of a nuclear reactor fueled with uranium-235?
control the rate of the chain reaction
chapter 2 : Temperatures are projected to rise more at high latitudes in the northern hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere by the end of this century because
melting the ice on the Arctic Ocean will decrease the albedo of the Arctic Ocean
chapter 7 : Which of the following kinds of property rights is associated with the Tragedy of the Commons?
open access
chapter 13 Which one of the following kinds of pesticides is responsible for most pesticide poisonings of humans?
organophosphates
chapter 11 Which one of the following soils would you expect to find in a tropical rain forest?
oxisol
chapter 3: Ecologist Eckhard wants to stop the algal blooms in City Park Lake by reducing the inputs of essential nutrients to the lake from stormwater runoff. Which one of the following strategies would have the least effect on the algal blooms?
remove all the carbon dioxide from the stormwater runoff
chapter 6 : The three crops that account for about 50% of global food demands are
rice, wheat, and corn
Commensalism is an example of
symbiosis
chapter 8 : The Neolithic Revolution began in
the Middle East about 12,000 years ago
chapter 2 : Taxol, which is used to treat lung, ovarian, and breast cancer, head and neck cancer, and advanced forms of Kaposi's sarcoma, was originally isolated from
the bark of the Pacific yew tree
chapter 13 Which two of the following kinds of pesticides account for most use of pesticides in agriculture in the United States?
herbicides and insecticides
chapter 12 Irrigated acreage currently accounts for
less than half of all cropland and produces less than half of the world's food
chapter 9 : Approximately how many people in the world currently live on less than $1.25 per day?
1.2 billion
Chapter 9: In countries that have completed the demographic transition, the crude birth rates and crude death rates are both about ______ per 1000 people per year
10
chapter 16 The country with the greatest number of solar hot water heaters is
China
chapter 12 Which one of the following countries is the only country in the world with extensive government-supported urban agriculture?
Cuba
chapter 1 : Which one of the following statements is not one of the four basic assumptions of the scientific method?
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed
chapter 16 Which one of the following regions of the world has the greatest installed PV panel electricity generating capacity?
Europe
chapter 13 Which of the following statements correctly characterizes the results of using pesticides in agriculture globally?
The quantity and percentage of crops lost to pests has increased
chapter 16 The forms of renewable energy that currently account for the greatest amount of electricity production in the world are
Wind and hydroelectric
chapter 12 Which one of the following sources of calories in the human diet requires the greatest amount of land per calorie to produce?
beef
The process by which water vapor passes through stomata from plants to the atmosphere is called
evapotranspiration
chapter 15 In a nuclear power plant fueled with uranium-235, what is the purpose of the moderator?
slow neutrons
chapter 16 Biodiesel is a fuel made from a mixture of normal diesel fuel and oil from
soybeans
chapter 12 Millennium Development Goal 1 was to reduce by 50% the proportion of children under age five who were moderately or severely underweight. Which one of the following regions had not achieved that goal by 2012?
sub-Saharan Africa
chapter 3 : Consider the following statements: (I) In any energy conversion, some of the usable energy is always lost as heat (II) Energy is neither created nor destroyed, but it may be converted from one form to another, (III) Systems will go spontaneously in one direction only, toward increasing entropy. Which of these are statements of the second law of thermodynamics?
I and III
chapter 2 : Most national wealth is
Intangible capital
chapter 14 The top three primary sources of energy in the United States are
Natural gas, coal, and oil
chapter 8 : The fertility rate in Burkino Faso has exceeded the replacement rate for many years and is currently about 5.2. if the fertility rate were to suddenly drop to the replacement rate, why would the population of Burkino Faso continue to increase?
Population momentum
chapter 4 : Which one of the following statements is true?
R-strategists have high biotic potential and poor recruitment most of the time
chapter 10 Which one of the following statements is not true?
Roughly 140,000 deaths each year are traced to waterborne diseases
chapter 1 : Which one of the following is not one of the vital concepts that move societies toward a sustainable future?
Security
chapter 8 : Which one of the following statements is not true?
Since 1960, the percentage of people living in high-income countries has increased.
chapter 9 : Which one of the following statements describes what happens when countries pass through the fertility transition?
The dependency ratio decreases and then increases
chapter 8 : Which one of the following statements is true?
The epidemiologic transition has preceded the fertility transition
chapter 7 : Why is achieving the maximum sustainable yield (MSY) not a wise goal of resource management?
The resource is unstable at the population size that corresponds to the MSY.
chapter 7 : Which one of the following reasons accounts for the fact that timber sales from national forests in the United States declined by about 80% during the 1990s?
The strategy of managing the forests changed: trees are now harvested at much longer time intervals.
chapter 15 The site recommended by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for long-term disposal of radioactive waste from the nuclear power industry in the United States is
Yucca Mountain, Nevada
chapter 8 : In hypothetical country A, everyone dies when they reach the age of 60. In hypothetical country B, which has a better health care system, everyone dies when they reach the age of 80. If the total population of both countries is stable, what percentage of the total population would you expect to be in the age group 32-43 years inclusive?
20% in country A and 15% in country B
chapter 1 : The figure below shows concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere from the late 1950s to the present time. In addition to the long term trend of increasing CO2 concentrations, the concentrations also oscillate up and down by several parts per million on an annual basis. At what time of the year would you expect the concentrations to be lowest?
At the end of summer
The country that generates the greatest percentage of its electricity from wind turbines is
Denmark
Chapter 9: Which one of the following statements is not true about the Grameen Bank?
The loans have been found to have the greatest social benefits when focused on men
chapter 9 : Cabbages and Condoms is
The name of a restaurant chain in Thailand
If the relationship between species A and B is mutualistic then
both A and B benefit from the relationship
The nutrients that support plant growth in natural terrestrial ecosystems are supplied mainly by
breakdown of detritus
Biologically available nitrogen can be added to aquatic systems
by nitrogen fixation and lost by either anammox or denitrification
chapter 16 Geothermal heat pumps
can be used to heat and cool buildings
chapter 12 The three principal greenhouse gases emitted as a result of agricultural activities are
methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide
chapter 14 Most electric power plants built in the United States since 2000 use which one of the following sources of energy?
natural gas
If Earth rotated in the opposite direction, the Trade Winds in the northern hemisphere would blow from the
northwest
chapter 14 The United States has extensive deposits of ________________ in Colorado, Texas, Utah, and Wyoming that, if exploited, could yield the equivalent of an estimated 800 billion barrels of oil.
oil shale