Final Review
Regarding political boundaries and other geo-political situations, de jure means _________________ while de facto means ______________.
'by law'; 'in fact'.
To measure speed of a ship, a sailor threw a 'chip log' off of the side of a ship. This results today in measuring nautical speed in
'knots'
The number of people evacuated from their traditional homes because of the reservoir made when the Three Gorges Dam was completed was __________.
1,000,000
The creation of the Three Gorges Dam in China created a reservoir
375 miles long.
According to the map of ancient city development, the earliest cities came about around
5000 BC.
Fifty years ago, ____________ percent of all Americans lived in cities. Today that percentage is ____________.
50; about 80
Which of the following is least associated with culture?
A blood type.
Since a dialect is a variation in sounds, structure, or vocabulary within a language, which of the following is a good example?
A comparison of how people speak English in southern vs. northern Scotland
In terms of the cultural landscape that a geographer might analyze, which of the following is the best example of an artifact?
A flag hung in front of a house
Which of the following is true regarding how geographers interpret space?
A measure of the distance between Church A and Church B. OR An analysis of how believers use the inside of a Church or sacred structure.
Which of the following is not an example of an environmental influence that could affect health?
A person's bad knees from playing football excessively.
Which of the following is the best example of goods or products spread from the New World to the Old?
A) Apples, horses, and diseases
In terms of GNP on the map, which region of the world virtually disappears?
Africa
According to the map of world urban percentages, the area that is the least urbanized is
Africa.
Which of the following are important things to know about how built structures indicate culture?
All of the above are true regarding buildings exhibiting culture.
Many large cities in the U.S. have supported the construction of large sports stadiums which
All of the above can be reasons for building large sports stadiums.
Regarding landscapes and places
Americans may be prone to apply gender to images and things.
In northwest Canada and Alaska there is a language family called Na-Dene. On the map of language families this area is mistakenly labeled as
Amerind.
Greek revival homes in the U.S. which date from the 1830s
Are made to look like ancient Greek temples with columns.
The continent with the largest number of inhabitants is _______
Asia
Which is true about world import composition by region since the 1940s?
Asian imports have dramatically increased.
On the GNP map, which country is shown large in GNP, but only moderate in GNP per capita?
Australia
Based on the figure, which region of the world has no 'hearth' of civilization?
Australia/New Zealand.
The practice of giving employees Sundays off in the United States is
Based in the Christian belief system.
The belief that a man can be cured of HIV by having sex with a virgin woman is an example of which factor in the triangle of human ecology?
Behavior
Which of the following, because of the influx of new autos, is the best example of air pollution over the last 20 years?
Beijing, China
After Britain industrialized the next in line were
Belgium, France, and Germany
By 1850 a majority of the world's population lived in
British cities.
In the photo, which of the following can be seen as related to culture?
Broadly, all of the above are related to culture.
Which religion is based upon the idea of the Four Noble Truths?
Buddhism
The enlightenment of Siddhartha in northern India was the origin of
Buddhism.
Which is the best real world example backing Ester Boserup's ideas?
C) The Green Revolution producing better crops in India
Canada differs from the U.K. in health care in that
Canada's system depends of private care funded by the government.
The beginnings of geographical studies involving cultural landscape are often attributed to which of the following scholars:
Carl Sauer.
The science of making maps is known as _____
Cartography
A _____ is a head count of the population of a country.
Census
According to the table, which of the following have specializations in textiles and are located in the American South?
Charlotte, Charleston, and Richmond
Different countries go through the urbanization process at different times. The chart clearly shows which region urbanizing earlier after onset of urbanization?
China
Which country has the world's largest population?
China
Which country is currently limiting the number of children a family can have legally?
China
In the Middle Ages geography often took a backseat to
Christian meanings about surroundings.
On the map of world religions in the Americas overall the dominant religion is
Christianity
The place in the Americas where child soldiering is most prevalent would be
Colombia.
Perhaps a fairly good success story for a planned/communist country might be
Cuba.
Imprints of cultures on the Earth's surface are known as ______
Cultural Landscapes
_____ is how people learn to live in their society.
Culture
A bundle of culture traits together is referred to as a
Culture complex
Which of the following statements is true regarding culture?
Culture is not inherited
Which of the following are notable traits of folk culture?
Culture traits found in the family and not broadcast widely.
____ is the study of human populations
Demographics
Evaluating the map of access to safe drinking water which is not true?
Developed countries generally have poor access to good water.
The spread of popular cultural fads are an example of ____________
Diffusion
Geographers call how phenomena are arranged in space
Distribution
How quickly a country will double its current population is known as ____ time.
Doubling Time
By county, the rarest ethnic groups to be manifested cartographically are
Dutch and Norwegian.
OLD MATERIAL
EXAMS 1-3
The region of the world that appears to have the highest rates of GDP growth is
East Asia
According to the map of global English use, Quebec in Canada shows
English as a second language
In the intermountain west of Utah and Idaho, the dominant ancestral group is
English.
The widest spoken lingua franca in the world is
English.
Entrepreneurship involves
Entrepreneurship involves
Environmental determinism says that the environment 'determines' peoples' actions. How does 'possibilism' vary from this?
Environmental effects lead to different possible results.
For which region was the Demographic Transition Model created?
Europe
True or False: A kolache is a pop culture food item.
False
True or False: Culture is totally predetermined-we are born with the knowledge.
False
Which is the best example of rural to urban migration within a country?
Farm workers in central Kansas moving to Wichita for factory jobs
Refugees migrate primarily because of which type of push factor?
Fear of Something
Thomas Malthus was concerned that human populations would outgrow their ________.
Food Supply
Regarding foodways and geography
Foodways have everything to do with regional culture.
According the map of the world's religions, Hinduism is
Found mainly in India
The best example of a unitary state would be
France
In measuring levels of economic development, the ____ is determined by taking the sum of all incomes of a country's citizens for a year and dividing by the total population.
GNI (Gross National Income
Based on the figure, a main feature of post-World War II homes not seen in earlier homes shown within this section, is
Garages for a growing automobile culture.
________ is the study of the earth and its various human and physical characteristics.
Geography
The implication of Figure 2E.02 is
Geography is connected to many outside disciplines
Across the map of ancestral groups the dominant color represents
German.
The Franks, the Burgundians, the Ostrogoths, and the Vandals were all
Germanic groups generally moving southward post-Empire.
A main researcher who began studies of environmental perception was
Gilbert White.
Malcolm Gladwell says that the successful diffusion of an idea is often found when a select few people who are
Gladwell mentioned all of the above as possible.
From 1800 to 1900 which British cities became the largest?
Glasgow and Liverpool
Compared to the UK, the amount of sprawl in the US is ____
Greater
The solution to the language conflict in the name of the country of Macedonia changing to FYROM (the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) came about because
Greece has long seen Macedonia as its own region, disputing the use of the name.
The word 'ethnos' is
Greek for 'people'
The first civilization to develop significant geographic knowledge were the _______.
Greeks
Which is the best example of a pandemic?
HIV/AIDS being diffused throughout the world.
The practice of polygyny in parts of Africa is important because
HIV/AIDS can be transmitted to women and then to many children
Children of immigrants to a new country
Han and Hui Chinese
What is notable about Ibn Batuta's travels?
He travelled from Spain to Shanghai
The world's largest ethnic religion is _____
Hinduism
Which religion believes in reincarnation to purify the soul?
Hinduism
In terms of density which would be the highest for the urban area?
Hong Kong
Based on the three figures shown, all are representative of
How foodways vary substantially through different culture regions.
Muslim and Chinese thinkers tried to understand geographic and physical processes like
How mountains erode and the effects of water on landscape.
The undisputed core region of France is
Ile de France.
Professor Mohammed Yunus was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his ideas on
In Rostow's process of development
Modern GIS applications allow geographers to understand information
In different layers
Within a couple of decades, which is most likely to occur?
India will surpass China in population.
What is the language family that includes English?
Indo-European
A world pandemic of this disease affected the United States in 1918 through 1920
Influenza
The fastest growing religion in the world is _____
Islam
Sikhism theologically and geographically is basically a result of the mixing between which two religions
Islam & Hinduism
Sikhism theologically and geographically is basically a result of the mixing between which two religions?
Islam and Hinduism
The map of diffusion of Judaism shows a core or origin in modern day
Israel and Palestine
Which of the following is the best example of absolute distance?
It is 5 miles to my aunt's house.
Which is the most accurate statement regarding Bosnia?
It is a federal country made up of two parts that barely recognize each other.
Which of the following is true regarding the Rosetta stone?
It was the same text written in three languages, making translations possible.
According to the map portraying Internet usage which area is not as likely to have Internet users?
Italy and Spain
An area of the latest diffusion of agriculture in Europe was
Italy.
A country with a very high female life expectancy might be
Japan
Asian countries have increased their exports and imports fueled largely by
Japan and China.
Which would be the best example of an embargo?
Japan not allowing imported rice in order to rely on its own rice production
Shintoism is the animistic religion that is found mainly in
Japan.
Photos in the text show a couple of groups at times to be "out" in terms of acceptance by the majority. These two groups were
Japanese and Coloreds (African Americans)
Which is the best example of a universalizing religion?
Jehovah's Witnesses who actively proselyte for converts
Christianity was started in Israel by Jesus, who was
Jewish
On the map of world religions small black dots indicating Judaism show that
Jews are located in more restricted locations geographically and not spread widely in the United States
The Western (or Wailing) Wall is sacred because
Jews worship near their ancient temple.
Originally the word 'ghetto' was applied to ___________ in ____________.
Jews; Venice
Which is the best example of an ethnic religion?
Judaism which often has been a culture persecuted and dispersed
Korean is one language, but because of isolation some scholars argue that
Korean is becoming more split between north and south dialects or even languages.
Which city could be seen as extra specialized in its functions and not like the rest?
Las Vegas, Nevada
A geographical coordinate system on the Earth sphere is called
Latitude and longitude
Which of the following is not the best example of a study with process in mind?
Listing all the capitals of Africa in alphabetical order.
According to Central Place Theory, where would you first find a professional sport team appearing?
Major cities
What tool of the geographer is most commonly used?
Map
Regarding the culture complex of the automobile in the United States, which of the following is not true?
Mass transit subway systems are as popular as Automobiles in the U.S.
One example of a trans-national corporation which acquired another trans-national corporation in a different country (but later split from it) was
Mercedes-Benz taking over Chrysler
The largest number of legal immigrants to the US comes from what country?
Mexico
The scale of analysis is important because a geographer
Might study religion in a church, through a city, or across an entire country.
Which is the best example of a guest worker?
Migrants from Turkey being recruited by Germany for factory work
Which is the best example of internal migration?
Migrants in poorer southwestern Spain traveling to Barcelona for work.
_____ refers to the movement of people beyond their home area.
Migration
Which two states receive more federal money compared to their tax revenues?
Mississippi and New Mexico
In the sidebar account of the woman forced into prostitution, her journey began in ______________ and ended in ______________.
Moldova; Israel
Islam is about the most widespread of any religion except perhaps Christianity. We could say the widest geographic range of Islam would extend from
Morocco to the Philippines.
The graph taken from Hagerstrand's model basically indicates that
Most everyone will know the spreading idea but only a certain set will adopt it.
Regarding major culture hearths around the world, which of the following is true?
Most have been in Africa and Asia.
An analysis of the map of Alexander von Humboldt's travels shows
Most of his journeys were made to areas of Spanish colonial influence
Which of the following has the least legitimacy as a state and why?
NOT A - China because the people do not govern
A satellite state is a country that
NOT A - changes its boundaries frequently
In third world cities, which would be the best example of an 'informal sector' job?
NOT A - constructing DVD players in a Mexican maquiladora
According to the graph, in terms of non-adopters and adopters of a diffused idea, which usually comes first?
NOT B - Adopters, who usually accept the idea right away NOT C - Non adopters who accept the idea right away
Singapore, arguably Asia's newest 'tiger' is
NOT B - an example of a city developed from early port advantages
The map of subjective global 'happiness' shows
NOT B - dependent on the core
Interestingly, the populated region of northern Utah according to the map of dialect migration regions in the United States is
NOT B - mainly Coastal southern as Mormons migrated mainly from the Carolinas NOT C - mainly Upland Southern with folk from Virginia and Kentucky
According to the map of global English use, South Asia is
NOT B - mostly not English speaking
Modern Australian English today
NOT C - is mainly English affected by the South African 'Afrikaans' Dutch from South Africa
On the world religions map by examining the patterns one can see that the regions of Southern Africa, Australia, and significant parts of South Korea are similar to North America in that
NOT D - Eastern religions are mainly present
In the National Highway system
NOT D - all of the above
Which of the following provide more federal money compared to what they absorb?
New Jersey and Nevada
Two states which had great numbers of canals were
New York and Pennsylvania
The line maps of travel times across the U.S. during two time periods show that
New York to Ohio took 1 week in 1830 whereas in 1857 it only took 1 day.
Putting much data together, the three most influential cities in the world economically are probably
New York, London, and Tokyo.
Why has the idea of race been abandoned by science?
No genetic difference
Toyota has many sub-regional offices and centers in
North America
Just about the only country without a consumption oriented tourism industry is
North Korea
Which is the best example of an autarky?
North Korea which trades very little with the outside world
On the ancestral groups map the areas most associated with Native Americans are
Oklahoma, Arizona, and Alaska.
Which would be the best example of a refugee group?
Palestinians
Which would be the best example of a walking city?
Philadelphia in 1780
The locale of Youngstown, Ohio with old steel factories, neighborhoods of workers housing, downtown buildings dedicated to social services and residential areas now cleared of houses all best describe
Place
Consumerism is a characteristic of ______ culture.
Pop Culture
Tin Pan Alley is an area that created songs that reflected _____ culture.
Pop Culture
The work of Michel Foucault is most directly related to
Poststructuralism
Which level of economic activity must locate where the resources are found?
Primary
Forces of attraction that influence migrants to move to a particular location are known as _____
Pull factors
PPP means
Purchasing Power Parity.
A country with a low percentage of women in its adult labor force might be
Qatar.
CBR-CDR =
RNI
The maximum distance people are willing to travel for a service is ____
Range
This figure of Paul Revere shows what important principle of diffusion?
Revere was influential, people respected him, and so accepted his message
Rome was about 1 million people by 150 AD showing that
Rome was about 1 million people by 150 AD showing that
According to the map, which of the following is a country in the highest category shown?
Saudi Arabia
Single commodity countries base their wealth on the sale of one main raw material. A good example would be
Saudi Arabia with petroleum.
Central Place Theory is based upon what?
Shopping behavior
Which of the following is the best example of relative location?
Singapore takes advantage of trade routes between India and East Asia.
According to the map of world percent urbanization which country is the most urbanized?
South Korea
An example of preferences in a country with regard to imports might be
South Korea enthusiastically accepting American rock music, but rejecting U.S. beef.
Which of the following examples best exhibits refugee migration?
Southern Sudanese moving about escaping warfare and looking for food.
Place is different from space in that
Space is more abstract and place is more tangible
We know that Latin no longer exists, rather, changed over time into something new. Which of the following best depicts this change?
Spanish
Which is not an example of impelled or forced migration?
Spanish sailors settling in the Paraguay/Paraná Basin in South America.
Which is the best example of a city-state?
Sparta in ancient Greece
The demographic transition model is based
Stage 2.
What innovation revolutionized the British textile industry?
Steam Engine
A restriction on behavior imposed by social custom is a _______
Taboo
Production of petroleum in the continental U.S. in terms of number of oil and gas wells, has centered in ______________ according to the map.
Texas and Oklahoma
The phenomena of the 'Columbian Exchange' has to do with
The 'exchange' of cultural elements between Europe and the Americas.
The civilization 'hearth' known for early seed agriculture and the Code of Hammurabi is
The Fertile Crescent/Mesopotamia in the modern Middle East
According to the map of crude oil production which region of the world is dominant?
The Middle East
The country that was organized as the world's first federal state was
The United States.
Process is of interest to geographers because
The actions that bring about patterns are studied
Which of the following is geographic about Jewish worship in synagogues?
The arc symbolic of the commandments given to the people lies on the wall facing Jerusalem.
The map of Afghanistan and Pakistan best correlates which two themes?
The relationship between Taliban people and insurgent attacks.
Which is not true regarding candlepin and duckpin bowling?
The sport has origins in the San Joaquin Valley of California
Which would be the best characterization of regional geography?
The study of physical, cultural and economic pattern in southern Africa.
What is geography?
The study of the world, it's people, and it's landscapes.
Based on the two photographs, which is true?
They both exhibit cultural landscapes
Which of the following is true about the Greek subdivisions of the Earth called climata?
They included lettered regions away from the equator (A, B, C, D, etc.). They included ideas later used by the Romans in earth exploration. They did not take the equator into account. They called the area around the equator the torrid zone.
To what maximum extent is latitude measured?
To 90 degrees north or south (as a right angle to a pole)
Cultural geographers identify a single element of normal practice in a culture as ______
Traits
True or False: The Demographic Transition Model discusses how a country's population change as the country industrializes.
True
The map of the size of the economies (GNP) of the world's countries (a cartogram) shows which country the largest in size?
United States
The meaning of the phrase terra incognita is essentially
Unknown land.
The movement of people from a rural area to an urban area is known as ______
Urbanization
Which of the following foreigners was also a citizen of the United States?
Valdas Adamkus-former President of Lithuania.
Who proposed Central Place Theory?
Walter Christaller
The best example of popular culture would be
Watching a satellite TV channel.
The best example of an 'enclave' would be
West Berlin (which enclave no longer exists).
According to the graph, the first world region to develop by drastically increasing GDP per capita was
Western Europe.
The concept of distance decay is best described in which scenario?
When fewer people read the Indianapolis Star newspaper the farther you are away from Indianapolis.
Which of the following does not apply to the concept of process?
When you can't access the appropriate webpage in your browser.
Which are main activities which require transportation?
Which are main activities which require transportation?
Are there over 500,000 words in the English language?
Yes
Which is the best example of Jus Sanguinis?
a German child born in Russia but because the parents were German the child gains German citizenship
The word Hindu derives from
a Persian word for 'Indus' as in the Indus River.
The best example of a 'center of absorption' for migrants would be
a city
Which is the best example of a "political unit"?
a city
The map of political units in 1491 shows
a combination of empires, city-states, pre-dating the modern system.
In North Korea, with newly chosen Kim Jung Un, one has an example of
a country ruled by a dictatorship based on a family personality cult
When a pidgin language is adopted as the main language of communication for a people it is called
a creole.
The definition of a religion is
a cultural system of beliefs, traditions, and practices often centered around the worship of a deity or deities.
Something the model of an industrial city might have that earlier cities did not would be
a factory of mass production.
The map of subjective global 'happiness' shows
a fairly strong relationship between development and well-being.
An individual's activity space around their home can logically be seen as
a functional region
Navigation in the 1400s and 1500s was particularly problematic because
a good clock to measure longitude had not yet been invented.
Sovereignty is when
a government gives up control of territory to another state.
For central place theory, the best geometrical form that covers all geographical space is
a hexagon.
Silicon Valley is a good example of
a high technology cluster
Germanic groups generally moving southward post-Empire.
a hinterland.
The area surrounding a city from which it obtains food is called
a hinterland.
Basque is a language of northern Spain and Southern France which has existed there since pre-Roman times. It is non-Indo European. Another term linguists use to describe Basque is that it is
a language isolate OR a plural society
In India, Hindi is
a lingua franca for most of the country.
In the demographic transition the greatest growth is found in
a logarithmic rise about 1970
Every line of longitude is called:
a meridian.
Latitude and longitude together are
a method of absolute location on the earth's surface.
Which is the best example of a centrifugal force for a country?
a patriotic song OR Economic decline
A simplified language spoken by different peoples for common communication and generally not a native language of anyone using it is called
a pidgin.
Which is an example of a large scale economy?
a planned economy
The Norse people's belief in many Gods like Odin, Thor, and Freyr is a good example of
a polytheistic religion.
If a migrant who can't find a job in Youngstown, Ohio, moves with an intent on finding a construction job in Portland, Oregon, then runs out of money on the trip and settles in Kansas City, this would be an example of
a pull factor
Partially, humanistic geography developed out of
a reaction to some geographers' attempts to analyze everything scientifically.
Which is the best example of an ethnic neighborhood in the U.S.?
a small area of Puerto Ricans in Wilmington, Delaware
The industrial revolution also changed agriculture in that
a system of open fields shifted to one of fields divided by stone fences and hedgerows.
A tariff is
a tax on an imported good applied by the importer.
A population pyramid which is nearly vertical on the sides might be due to
a tendency for a country to remain in stage two of the demographic transition.
Uruk, in ancient Sumeria, had which as notable elements of its structure?
a wall, an elite compound, and segregated occupants
In Chang An, China a city was built based on
a well-developed rectilinear pattern.
In 1830 it took three weeks to travel from Chicago to New York, while in 1857, with new railroads, it only took
about 2 days.
Considering department stores in the U.S. which is true?
about 20 firms account for 98 percent of total sales
Today about 67 percent of the U.S. population owns a home, but in 1945, just as World War II was ending it was
about 43 percent.
In the text's analysis the health or longevity of a place in a city basically can be reduced to the property of
access.
When an ethnic group (like Mexicans coming to the United States) learn to adapt within the culture of the new country this is called
acculturation.
Elevated levels of nitric or sulfuric acids in precipitation are called
acid rain
The human development index
adds in heath, education, and welfare data to the development matrix.
The automobile began to fundamentally alter city structure when?
after World War II
According to the model, where are factories more likely to appear?
after an 'office' ring and a 'retail' ring
Subsistence agriculture is
agriculture that sustains life at the most basic level
A main problem in Tibet is
all of the above
According to Paul Collier
all of the above
According to the graph, growth in international trade since the 1940s
all of the above
After the Roman Empire the entire basis for civilization was swept away when
all of the above
Agriculture land use according to Von Thunen, in the traditional model, consists of
all of the above
An animistic religion might
all of the above
Belgium's political structure
all of the above
Civil war, ethnic strife, and the lack of good provision of food and resources mark
all of the above
Cultural diffusion
all of the above
Dual citizenship
all of the above
Ethnicity
all of the above
Examining the Indo-European family pattern on the map of language families shows
all of the above
From 1960 to 2010 the origins of people migrating to the U.S. were
all of the above
Hanification is a term
all of the above
Imperial economies may
all of the above
In comparing health care provision in the U.S. with the United Kingdom
all of the above
In federal states
all of the above
In the United States commuter/daily travel has increasingly been associated with SOV travel. This signifies
all of the above
In the presidential elections map of the contest between Gore and Bush
all of the above
Intelligent transportation systems might involve
all of the above
Iron enabled
all of the above
Louisiana is distinct a political sub-unit because
all of the above
Mackinder's theory defined what region as pivotal in controlling the "world-island"?
all of the above
Modernist views of landscape and geography might
all of the above
On the map of Europe in the 19th century which of the following was true
all of the above
On the map of Europe in the 19th century which of the following was true?
all of the above
On the surface of the earth today there are
all of the above
Power Centers are suburban centers that are different from malls in that
all of the above
Regarding the regional variation of HIV/AIDS
all of the above
Singapore, arguably Asia's newest 'tiger' is
all of the above
Some examples of 'Western Values' might be
all of the above
Sometimes subunits of a country might be based on
all of the above
The Indo-European language family
all of the above
The chart comparing Europe and China in urbanization shows
all of the above
The explanation for different types of diffusion in section 6D is
all of the above
The global today is
all of the above
The graph of immigration over time to the United States shows
all of the above
The main trait of stage two of the demographic transition involves
all of the above
The red coloring in the map of swine flu
all of the above
Which areas are not found within the capitalist regions developing around the Baltic and the Mediterranean in Europe from the late Middle Ages?
all of the above
Which countries divide their territories into manageable subunits?
all of the above
Which is probably true of ethnic neighborhoods?
all of the above
Which is the best example of solid waste?
all of the above
Which is true regarding Somalia?
all of the above
Which might be included in behavioral geography?
all of the above
China's one-child policy
all of the above apply
Denser population regions in Europe
all of the above apply
In comparison with Switzerland, the country of Malawi is
all of the above apply to Malawi.
In geography, structuralism
all of the above are examples of structuralism.
Which is the best example of a nation gaining autonomy?
all of the above are good examples of autonomy
A good example of a pull factor is
all of the above are pull factors.
A centrifugal force contributes to
all of the above are strongly related to centrifugal forces.
A multi-cultural state might be
all of the above can be considered multicultural, where no one ethnic group dominates
What might be one problem with identifying someone as African American?
all of the above could be true regarding someone from Africa
An example of a cognate discipline to geography might be
all of the above would be cognate disciplines
Cities in the U.S. are less dense (or larger in area) because
all of the above.
High amounts of deforestation
all of the above.
In the former Soviet Union federalism was a method
all of the above.
In the industrial city, worker housing was often found
all of the above.
Interstate Highways involve
all of the above.
Lawn mowers
all of the above.
Over the last 5 years, foreclosure has been common and disheartening to many because
all of the above.
Over the next few decades the world's population is expected to increase by 2 billion. This means that
all of the above.
The Ogallala aquifer of the Great Plains in the U.S.
all of the above.
Walter Christaller developed the theory of central places which says
all of the above.
World areas with no urban development before the year AD 0 would be
all of the above.
In this figure, the principle of place similarity is shown where
all textile manufacturers are located at a stream or water source.
Agglomeration activities
allow cities to focus heavily on different types of functions.
Carl O. Sauer noted that the term landscape might mean
an assemblage of different elements that come together in one area.
Which of the following might best typify a totalitarian government's reason for being?
an economic resource that demands a majority of attention from the government
Population pyramids of developing, poorer countries reveal
an extreme pyramid shape with many children and few elderly.
Which of the following best qualify as core regions within their countries?
an ideology that the people are forced to adhere to
Which of the following is not a function of many cities today?
an influential agricultural region
Which best applies to the term 'environment' in geography?
anything on the surface of the earth that is not human-made
Since all longitude lines are essentially the same, going from pole to pole, we might say the selection of one to be Prime Meridian is
arbitrary because any longitude line could have been chosen.
Catholic Diocese boundaries in Ireland
are based much on regions designated during the Roman Empire.
Health and geography
are closely related considering geographers deal with environment and culture
Empires
are collections of different regions held together by force
Washington D.C., Ottawa, Canada, and Canberra, Australia
are compromise capitals between influential and competing regions.
Commodity export economies
are dependent on the export of just a few items or materials
Especially in the third world urban populations
are increasing fairly dramatically.
Autocratic states
are lead mainly by single individuals or small cliques.
All states in the world
are seen to possess certain levels of sovereignty, legitimacy, and territory.
On the map of hazardous waste sites in the U.S. one generally sees a correlation between those sites and
areas of greater population density
On the map of hazardous waste sites in the U.S. one generally sees a correlation between those sites and
areas of greater population density.
The main difference between arithmetic and physiologic densities is
arithmetic relates to total area, while physiologic only to arable cropland.
The World Systems Perspective views development through analysis of
as a global system as a whole.
In population Australia is notable
as it is virtually empty of population except in some coastal areas.
The chart showing urban hierarchies shows generally that
as the number of cities in a region or country increases, their size decreases.
If the country of Vietnam can develop in a model crossing Chinese and South Korean development then it could likely become a new
asian tiger
As a diversified multi-national corporation, German Bayer
at a centralized location between raw materials and the market
Alfred Weber developed a model of plant location saying that a factory would be located
at a centralized location between raw materials and the market.
Cities like Venice, Brujes, and Amsterdam grew rich by placing themselves
at the center of good trading networks.
A Mexican child born in the US to illegal parents
automatically becomes a citizen of the US
Which were not factors in Britain being the center of the Industrial Revolution?
availability of raw materials and Britain as already wealthy
One example of the separation of gendered spaces in the United States would be
bathroom segregation between men and women in malls.
Why might the state of Israel not always be seen as 'legitimate'?
because 20 countries do not officially recognize it as a state
For Shiite Muslims, the city of Karbala in Iraq is sacred
because Ali, Mohammed's grandson died there.
State boundaries within the United States of America were often 'antecedent'
because they often were drawn before settlement of the European peoples entering
State boundaries within the United States of America were often 'antecedent'
because they often were drawn before settlement of the European peoples entering.
In terms of confederations, the UAE since the 1970s has
become more centralized in structure.
The Palestinian emergent identity is due to these people
being subject to being a minority and repressed by Israel
Rates of natural increase have decline significantly in recent decades due to
better public health, medicine, and access to contraceptives.
A good example of open, undemarcated boundaries would be
between Saudi Arabia and Yemen where no boundary has ever been drawn.
Though India is large with a large population (world's second largest) its percent urban population is
both a and b are true.
A person seeking asylum desires
both a and b.
Though most discussions on global culture, politics, and economy refer to core-periphery relations, developing areas like Asia which are no longer completely considered periphery are
both a and b.
The difference between absolute and relative location might be:
both a. and b. are correct.
Though the two languages are very different, Japanese and Korean are labeled on the language family map as
both in one language family.
Mentifacts, artifacts, and sociofacts show that, regarding culture
both material and non-material elements must be taken into account
Place names can be
both of physical as well as cultural features.
Europe was the first world region to urbanize
but it has several countries with significant rural populations.
Nearly 7,000 languages exist
but many have gone extinct over the last few hundred years.
The Amish people of Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana and elsewhere are notable because
by choice they do not participate in certain aspects of popular culture
Ports, which are sites of regional, national, and global commerce, are normally operated
by governmental authorities.
Studies on how human societies adapt to local habitat are
called 'cultural ecology'.
Cancer clusters
can be identified as 'unusual' and not random through statistical methods.
Urban ethnic segregation
can be voluntary or forced.
A trading city of the late Middle Ages or European colonial times might feature
canals, shipping port facilities, and mercantile facilities.
One early transport technology in the U.S. planned or constructed between the Great Lakes and other rivers like the Ohio was
canals.
In the cases of Brazil, Pakistan, and Nigeria
capital cities are split into various locations within each country according to function.
The People's Republic of China was once a communist-planned economy. That has changed and today China's economy is largely
capitalistic.
A break-in-bulk point is where
cargo is broken down into smaller units
The region of the world where the fewest have completed elementary education is
central Africa.
Mexico City is one of the largest cities on the planet. Its location is
central in a valley in a mountainous region
The location of traditional steel plants in the United States was a result of
central locations between Great Lakes iron and Appalachian coal.
In Los Angeles, which of the following is best applied to smog?
chemical reaction of sunlight reacting to human ozone output
Though the city of Akron, Ohio was once king in the tire industry much of that has ceased to exist and the city is now trying to diversify and focus on polymers. This shows that
cities may shift their functions over time according to need.
What was the main assumption of the concentric zone model of urban structure?
city structure occurs in circular zones around the CBD
Many early factories developed around places where raw materials were mined like
coal in central Pennsylvania.
In analyzing land values away from a city center the most important element increasing land value would be
commercial office use.
A collection of languages in one family will be related and descended from a
common ancestor known as a proto-language.
The policy of 'containment' was originally designed to limit
communist expansion (Russia and China).
Consumers expect quality goods. When producers are forced to increase quality to increase sales or exports ______________ occurs.
competition
Mass production required
concentrated settlement at a few places
A basic fact of language is that it is
constantly changing in structure and content.
Up until only a few years ago most computers
could not be operated with complicated algorithms by normal users
In Northern Ireland Catholic diocesan boundaries
cross the boundary between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.
The fact that many people in the United States drink Coca-Cola, watch professional basketball, use the Internet, and drive automobiles is representative of
cultural convergence.
The origins of groups of culture complexes are called
cultural hearths
Geography studies the earth in many different ways, but the idea that geography is a 'spatial science' was a main trait of
cultural landscape OR the industrial revolution
Which of the following is not a component of ethnicity?
currency
In terms of the 24 hour clock, which is true regarding the CBD?
daytime densities are dominant with little nighttime activity
During the era of Apartheid, South Africa
declared internal homelands as independent states.
Over the last half century rates of natural increase (RNI) have
declined significantly
At the center of the city population densities in North American cities generally do what?
decrease
The percentage mode of transport in the U.S. since 1985 has apparently
decreased for carpooling.
In terms of economic global theory, the periphery is
dependent on the core.
Social activities that occur regardless of where they are located refers to
deterritorialization.
Abraham Levitt was
developed a new style of suburb 'little box' style housing.
In terms of the discussion in the text of environmental perception, Harry Truman
developed theories on landscape morphology and perception.
Third world countries are sometimes also called
developing countries.
Eventually, the Soviet Union's 15 republics broke up into individual states. This process can be referred to as
devolution.
The Brandt Line
did all of the above but was one of the first attempts to show a geographic division in global development.
Up until a few thousand years ago, cities
did not exist.
Topophilia and topophobia were
discussed by Yi-Fu Tuan and signify 'love' or 'fear' of place
Main problems with refugee camps involve
disease and environment.
In considering spatial interactions between places, which of the following is a salient characteristic?
distance
The Great Schism of 1054
divided Christianity east and west.
Doubling time is ascertained by
dividing the RNI by the constant of 70
Poststructuralists
don't generally try to understand the infrastructure.
Dharma represents _______________ in Hinduism while Karma signifies _________.
duty; consequences of choices
Abstract cuneiform symbols probably came from
earlier pictographic forms of writing.
Some theories say that agriculture developed in periods of relative ______________ while others say that agriculture came out of periods of ______________.
ease; stress
Reasons for sub-dividing territory into administrative regions are
efficiency, flexibility and degrees of responsiveness.
A sociofact is a
element of social interaction like a handshake or slang language.
Ethnicity is different from culture because it generally refers t0
elements of race and how people identify themselves
Ethnicity is different from culture because it generally refers to
elements of race and how people identify themselves
Diplomatic relations are
elements of the communications and interactions between states.
The idea of people of northern California perhaps being a new ethnic group of 'Northern Californians' is an example of
emergent ethnicity.
The purpose of designated 'Euroregions' is to
emphasize cultural-economic integration among unlike regions between countries
The purpose of designated 'Euroregions' is to
emphasize cultural-economic integration among unlike regions between countries.
Streetcars affect cities by
enabling wealthier people to move farther away from the city center.
The most likely job in the 'public sector' would be
enforcing pollution regulations for a state government
The most likely job in the 'public sector' would be
enforcing pollution regulations for a state government.
The idea that nature is the driving force in what people do and how they live is called
environmental determinism.
An example in Youngstown, Ohio, of housing for blacks on the east side of the Mahoning River in the direction of prevailing winds passing over steel mills while white workers and management lived in cleaner air regions west of the river is an example of
environmental injustice
Broader than an ethnic neighborhood, small towns or other areas where culture is distinct culture is preserved, or perceived to be preserved are called
ethnic islands
Pella, Iowa or Holland, Michigan are towns of traditional ____________ where distinct ethnicity or culture are proudly shown or celebrated.
ethnic islands
Pella, Iowa or Holland, Michigan are towns of traditional ____________ where distinct ethnicity or culture are proudly shown or celebrated
ethnic islands.
Newer Chinese settlements in the San Gabriel Valley might be referred to as
ethnoburbs.
How someone perceives, responds to, and acts to a natural hazard would be
examples of cognitive factors
In the 2008 election map, coastal areas tend to
exhibit more democratic traits.
On the globe, hunting and gathering societies
exist in only a few places around the world.
Cultural geography today often focuses on theories while in the late 1800s and early 1900s
exploration and environmental determinism were often seen.
The most common reason for tsunamis is
extreme displacement of water caused by an underwater earthquake.
Natural hazards can be defined as
extreme environmental events.
The most geographic of the '5 pillars' of Islam is
facing Mecca during prayer, 5 times a day.
Regarding having children and the possibility of migration
families are more likely to move to new jobs just before or after a child is born.
Totalitarianism is a type of autocracy which might add elements of
fascism, communism, and religious fundamentalism.
What is a basic truth about landfills in the U.S. over the last 25 years?
fewer landfills now exist, but they are larger
In third world cities, which would be the best example of an 'informal sector' job?
finding day-by-day temporary work in the port of Barranquilla, Colombia
Which is the most likely to be a hazardous waste?
fluids and acids from toy and appliance batteries
Geographers interested in the social construction of space
focus on the idea that social values are reflected in the landscape.
Behavioral geography
focuses on psychological processes behind spatial decisions.
The Masai culture of Eastern Africa have a culture complex based on
food and economics centered on cattle.
In the Anglo American manufacturing region in the northeastern United States, textiles were a prominent industry on the east coast. What was the prominent industry around Chicago?
food processing
Mormon (the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints) communities are notable
for the developed grid-like town structures.
The Eucharist, a commemoration of the body and blood of Jesus, is a ritual
found in Christianity.
One of the largest and long-lasting empires ever, the Roman Empire extended
from the British Isles to Dacia (modern day Romania).
By about 1900 the Anglo American manufacturing belt extended
from the eastern seaboard through the Great Lakes.
Urban networks tied together in some meaningful way refers directly to
functional linkages.
Electoral districts in the United States sometimes are very strange shapes in order to include different minority groups or to gain voting advantage according to party. This process is known as
gerrymandering.
The greater integration of people and economies around the world is referred to as
globalization.
On the map of the economy of the Roman Empire, items coming from Spain included
gold, silver, and wine
Development traps keep a country from evenly and progressively developing. Examples of development traps are
government failure and cultural barriers
Though transportation is always costly,
gradually, transport has become less expensive
Planned parkland developments around European cities like London are referred to as
greenbelts
Which would be the best example of commercial agriculture?
harvesting wheat to be sold to and transported to various cities
Western Australia, with Perth as its capital
has a government and personality reflecting its isolation from the rest of the country.
In terms of cores and capital, Germany
has a main center and it is Berlin.
The Sino-Tibetan family of languages
has about 250 separate languages.
China's one-child policy *not positive
has been relaxed for different ethnic groups more recently.
Contagious diffusion
has characteristics seen in close contact culturally, similar to disease.
In terms of both imports and exports since the 1940s, Africa
has decreased.
While predominantly poor with rural agriculturalists, India
has many high tech industries despite areas of poverty
Recycling of solid and other waste in the U.S.
has risen from about 6% of waste in 1960 to over 33% in 2007.
In terms of rubber production, Malaysia
has taken complete control of all production and manufacturing aspects of rubber
The top three transnational companies in the world
have economies bigger than Denmark, Ireland or Finland.
In the last couple of decades since the fall of the Soviet Union, life expectancies there
have fallen
'Sense of place' is understanding that, for their observers, the places
have many meanings
Some countries, like Bolivia, South Africa and the Netherlands
have several capitals with functions divided between different cities.
Core refers to those areas of the world that
have the most control over economic capital.
A country like the United States might be more likely to accept a migrant if
he or she has some kind of useful skill.
Common roles many states take on might be
health, education, and business regulation.
Cities in Europe and Japan have
higher levels of centralized government control.
Feminist geography focuses on
how gender relationships are spatially organized.
Carrying capacity is
how much population a region can support according to its resources
How children's stories portray nature could be indicative of
how the environment has changed over time and how people perceive it.
Covariation, as seen in the two maps, is described as
how two similar mapped patterns can be compared to help explain a phenomenon.
On the world map of religions a main difference between North and South America is
idk, figure it out and stop being lazy
Examining the words for 'father' in different languages and finding they are all similar shows us that
if many words are similar like this then they are related and have a common ancestor.
Regarding pedestrians, research shows
if pathways are available and clear people clearly like to walk.
Hindu temples often contain
images of a deity or deities.
protectionism.
in 1974
An oil embargo was enacted on the United States by OPEC countries
in 1974.
Many Mexican 'maquiladora' plants are found
in Mexico right on the border with the United States.
From the map of world religions we see that Islam is mainly found
in North Africa and into southwestern Asia.
According to the map, the highest per capita power use regions are
in North America, Europe, and Australia.
According to the map of regional trade blocs, Mercosur is a trade organization
in South America.
Using the map of occurrence of the Spanish Flu, the earliest outbreaks can be seen
in and around New York City and Boston
According to the map, the Black Death (the Bubonic Plague) originated
in central asia
Areas in the world with great problems with deforestation are found mainly
in higher latitudes.
On the map of the diffusion of Christianity, the latest area to become Christian would be
in the Baltic coast region.
On the global scale high technology industries are focused mainly
in the U.S., Europe, and Japan.
House styles are representative of culture values
in the regional preferences of the external decoration of the structure.
On the tornado map, 'tornado alley' is generally
in the southern Great Plains.
The map of agriculture diffusion in Europe shows agriculture entering around the Aegean Sea (around Greece and TurkeyThe map of agriculture diffusion in Europe shows agriculture entering around the Aegean Sea (around Greece and Turkey
in the step immediately after Fertile Crescent agriculture.
While most wealthy countries are located in the mid-latitudes, the poorest are often found
in the tropics, straddling the Equator
In shistosomiasis, eggs hatch
in the water.
Mercantilism
increases internal trade within a region by restricting imports from the outside.
On the graph of growth of British cities during the 1800s, the rising lines represent
increasing city population.
Which of the following applies to the definition of urbanization?
increasing percentages of people living in cities
What is meant by the 'private sector'?
individuals and companies working outside government
On the map of agricultural regions of the world, what is the dominant agricultural type in India and China?
intensive subsistence farming
Who often takes care of refugee camps?
international aid organizations
Ethnocentrism
involves a particular group's feelings of cultural superiority to another group.
The global production line for clothing
involves three countries from more to less developed.
During the Middle Ages which is an example of developing city functions?
iron being developed to improve tools like axes and plows
In third world countries, diarrhea
is a significant health threat often causing death
On the language families map, Arabic
is also spoken widely in the Middle East/Arabian peninsula.
Gullah, spoken on the coastal islands of South Carolina and Georgia
is basically a pidgin English with many African loan words
The map of ethnolinguistic regions of China
is broadly diverse with some dominant regions.
In the case of Canada federalism
is considered asymmetrical because Quebec has more autonomy than other provinces
The urban morphology of the Latin American cityis derived from earlier structures of Native American cities.
is derived from earlier structures of Native American cities.
Today, the island of Cyprus
is ethnically divided
China's population
is in an area fed by the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers, thus is very agricultural.
The building on the right within the figure
is more post-modernist because of its odd angles and shapes.
If one truck factory produces 50 high quality trucks a day at an expense of $10,000 dollars each, while another produces 40 a day at an expense of $15,000 dollars each, we would say the first factory
is more productive.
The urban morphology of the Latin American city
is not at all related to the structure of European cities.
While the term citizen implies responsibility on the part of the individual, a subject
is objective and not specific.
Judaism as the originator of Christianity and Islam
is relatively small in total believers with only about 15 million.
One special region found in the United States and established for indigenous peoples
is the reservation.
Today, Las Vegas is one of the most popular travel destinations in the world. In 1930
it had not even started its rise to consumer stardom
Net migration might be more important to know than gross migration because
it has to do with the difference between those who arrive and those who leave.
Canada is a state, but regarding nations
it has two large ones and many smaller culture regions, thus is a plural society
The Ford commercial in the advertisement in geographic regarding change is urban morphology because
it indicates how the auto could be used in the walking city.
Kaliningrad is an 'exclave' of Russia because
it is a piece of Russia totally separate from Russia
Kaliningrad is an 'exclave' of Russia because
it is a piece of Russia totally separate from Russia.
In geo-political structure which does not apply to Canada?
it is a unitary state with a centralized government
There are 195 states in the world, but how many nations?
it is difficult to say because the term 'nation' is largely self-determined
Regarding the downtown in Christaller's central place model
it is not as central as it used to be.
It is unlikely that the deadly Ebola virus will be broadly diffused because
it kills rural African people within two weeks before they can migrate far.
Though import substitution has not been altogether successful in more isolated countries like Australia or India
it may be a wise path for countries of the world's bottom billion
One problem with the storage of nuclear waste is that
it may take hundreds of years for radioactivity to decrease in strength.
Toponymy is important to geographers because
it means the study of place names, their meanings, and origins.
A main reason you find English spoken broadly throughout the globe was that
it was the main language of influential British colonies and has stuck.
In the 1800s a Latin language known as Dalmatian existed on the Dalmatian coast that is today mainly Croatia. Today it no longer exists, so which of the following in true?
it went through a process of language extinction.
Much of the American South's reluctance to give up slavery had to do with
its dependence on the cotton plantation economy
Often countries like China, Vietnam, and Indonesia can keep wages low because
labor is available in abundance.
If we speak of 'vernacular' language, we are referring to
language as it appears in common everyday speech
Creole languages where two or more languages become fused in permanent usage could be seen as examples of
language convergence.
The phenomenon of Latin as it exists today shows the concept of what in language change?
language divergence
Indonesia's state structure or form is
largely made up of many islands.
In Sumeria, smaller city-states gradually developed into
larger territorial states.
Culture is
learned
What people are generally at more risk of default in subprime lending?
less affluent people in the inner cities
Regarding polio-having better sanitation and smaller families led to
less contact with the disease, thus a lack of development of disease immunity.
Examples of structural failures from natural disasters would be
levee failures in floods and building damage in earthquakes.
The demographic transition starts with ____________ and ends with ____________.
little growth; little growth.
Hunting and gathering, primitive agriculture, and feudalism are together referred to as
local economic systems
Most of the population of the United States can be considered to be
located in the eastern regions along coasts and Great Lakes.
Economic geography studies economic activities, but with a special eye toward
location, distribution, and spatial interactions.
Refugee warehousing involves
long term housing of refugees without actual integration into the new country.
Over thirty years the Aral Sea has
lost 90 percent of its water because of excessive irrigation 'theft'.
Generally, skyscrapers are not built toward the edges of traditional North American cities because
low agricultural land values do not merit their appearance
According to the map of calories per capita per day shows that
lower caloric intake in Africa and parts of Asia.
The practice of predatory lending leaves what areas of the city at more risk?
lower income inner city areas
the national highway system
lower numbered highways were in the east while higher numbers in the west.
Regarding smaller farming communities, the combination of better rural transportation and larger and larger farms has
made theoretical central place hexagons in the U.S. larger with fewer of them.
On the map of dominant ancestral groups in the United States, the east coast could be described as
made up of at least five separate groups.
As a nodal point, which would a standard CBD like Chicago NOT contain?
main airports
Toyota has manufacturing plants
mainly in the Ohio River Valley.
Up to A.D. 600 the diffusion of Christianity could be said to be
mainly near the Mediterranean Sea and Mediterranean Europe.
Looking at the area of the core of 'vegeculture' in eastern India, in what direction was the main diffusion of agriculture from this region?
mainly toward Southeast Asia
One result of the Green Revolution in India and other parts of Asia was to
make these areas more like California in how food was produced.
Capitalism mainly entails
making a profit.
Most businesses and governments subdivide administrative territory into
manageable political subunits.
Eating cookies with milk is not a natural thing for many cultures since
many cultures cannot easily digest milk as adults.
The southeastern United States or the 'Deep South' is unique ethnically in that
many different European ethnic groups are today represented here
With the entry of humans into the Americas some 30,000 years ago
many large animals were hunted into extinction.
Beginning industry in the interior of the United States was often the result of
many paved and concrete roads being constructed.
When slaves were freed in the United States the subsequent movement of several million African Americans to northern cities could be considered
mass migration.
Processes of ____________ spurred demand for more goods as quantities rose and prices dropped
mass production
Planned economies mainly promise that
material goods will be equitably distributed to all members of society.
A culture's ideological subsystem contains culture and value elements called
mentifacts.
The dominant part of an empire could be called the ____________ while the peripheral areas of influence are _____________.
metropoles; colonies
A restaurant sign advertising specialties in Chinese and Latin cuisine shows
migration often brings people together who may have not mixed otherwise
Which is the best example of a primary sector economic activity?
mining the iron ore for the engine of that automobile
The earthquake scale based on force of original quake is the ____________ while the scale that measures in terms of shaking is __________________.
moment magnitude scale; the Mercalli scale
A remittance is
money sent back home by a migrant.
Another term for the structure or form of a city is its
morphology.
Regarding the Middle East in terms of per capita power use
most areas are not remarkable in power use.
In unitary states
most control resides with the central government.
According to the map of the routes of major oil shipping and chokepoints
most oil goes from the Middle East around Africa to North America.
By 1960, modern suburbs were where most people lived in the U.S. By 1980, the suburbs were even farther away from the city center and were where
most people shopped and worked OR none of the above apply
In considering movement of commuters in central city and metropolitan suburbs within the figure, which has the highest percentage of type?
movement through metropolitan suburbs
In filtering, the population generally
moves from the older housing stock into new.
The capitalist industrial economic system involved what compared with the capitalist commercial economy?
much more attention to raw materials and resources in the manufacturing process
According to the map of regional trade blocs, which area of the world has no affiliation?
much of central Asia and Africa
One major change in looking at the Anglo American manufacturing belt today compared to 1900 is that
much of production has shifted to the South.
Regarding the Anglo American manufacturing belt today compared to 1900
much of the Great Lakes/Midwest core is still intensely industrial.
Geographers are interested in origin and destination of migrants. Detroit has become well known in the U.S. as a destination for
muslims
In plantation areas of the Caribbean and surrounding areas the original colonial plantation overlords gave way later in post-colonial times to
nationalization of local industry.
The best example of assimilation would be
native Andean peoples rejecting their highland culture and language and becoming more 'Spanish'.
The degree to which direct movement takes place all across a network expresses
network connectivity
The problem with the NIMBY syndrome is that
no one wants undesirable industry or trash in their back yards.
Examining the map of SARS the most likely reason Africa was not affected is
not as many people travel to Africa and internal migration is limited.
On the map of Europe in the 19th century, Italy was
not yet a sovereign state.
My mother, for a time, spent her summers in Indianapolis, Indiana, and winters in Bradenton, Florida. We might say her migration was
of a cyclical type
Often, countries like the Democratic Republic of the Congo, a country that is the size of Europe, are hampered because
of undeveloped transport networks
Often cities in the U.S.
often were planned in a general rectilinear 'block' pattern even before they were settled. OR were most often ports as the interior of the country is largely impassable.
The teachings of Carl Ritter seemed to focus
on observation and discerning processes.
Most people think of travel to work when the term 'commuting' comes up, but
on the pie chart, probably the largest commuter category is for social/recreation.
One important thing to remember about fossil fuels is that
once taken from the ground, they cannot be soon replenished.
Examining the Lower East Side of New York City shows that
one area can sequentially house different ethnic groups at different times
The best example of a push factor is
one becomes a refugee from warfare.
In worship services throughout Christianity
one finds a great variety from very simple to highly ritualized.
Though most linguists recognize Uralic and Altaic as two separate language families, on the map of language families they are shown as
one language family.
Formal (or uniform) regions are areas which have
one or more characteristics in common through the area
Which of the following disease transmissions does not exhibit a vector?
one person shaking hands with another and transmitting hepatitis.
Generally in the U.S. cities become less compact or dense as
one travels from east to west.
Agglomeration economies occur when
one type of industry feeds on another causing 'snowballing' development
The difference between Japan and the United States when referring to each as 'nations' is that
one's nationality is based on one ethnic group and the other a shared set of ideas
The difference between Japan and the United States when referring to each as 'nations' is that
one's nationality is based on one ethnic group and the other a shared set of ideas.
Switzerland is
part of Europe's Schengen Zone.
Irredentist movements are seen when
part of one state wants to separate and join another state
Newer flu outbreaks usually originate in China, probably because
people and animals often live in close proximity increasing chances of transmission.
In an era of Internet, eBay, Amazon, and virtual commerce on the computer, which is still currently true regarding cities?
people are still moving from countryside to city
Micro-loans are/were when
people in third world countries, particularly women, borrow relatively small amounts of money to better themselves
Regarding migration decisions, behavioral geographers might say that
people mainly move to find new jobs
The factor mobility model is most dependent on the idea that
people move to higher wage paying areas
With the development of agriculture, settlements occurred when
people settled permanently in one place.
'People smuggling' is distinct from 'human trafficking' in that
people smuggling is voluntary while human trafficking is not.
Division of labor refers to
people working in specific jobs according to need
When we say GNP "per capita", this phrase means
per person
Untouchables in the caste system in Hinduism
perform jobs considered spiritually and physically unclean.
One main symbol of Somalia's political and cultural disintegration is
piracy in the Indian Ocean off of Somalia's coast.
Albert Gallatin
planned some of the first transport routes into the U.S. interior.
In confederations
political units abridge power in order to work as a group.
Shatterbelts are
politically fragmented areas often between main powers.
At the periphery or perimeter of the modern city in the United States one might find
poor farmers. OR wealthier people living mixed with farming.
In a nutshell the RNI deals with
population growth
The triangle of human ecology revolves around three main elements which are
population, behavior, and habitat.
Grimm's law discusses
predictable sound shifts in different but related languages.
Mental maps are used to understand people's
preferences, ideas, concerns, beliefs, and attitudes.
According to the table, cities like Chicago or Birmingham are known for
primary metals.
Since cities like Paris in France, Mexico City in Mexico, or Bangkok in Thailand are the largest cities in their countries and most representative of the national culture, we call them
primate cities.
For the most part internal city functions today are divided into two categories, which are
private and public.
When a country seeks to limit trade, often in an attempt to enhance its own position, this is called
protectionism.
The current recycling efforts annually in the U.S. are equal to
pulling 35 million cars off of U.S. roads.
Sustainable development attempts to
reconcile economic advancement with environmental protection.
Some toponyms such as Independence, Colorado; Liberty, New York; and Freedom, California
reflect American values and show patriotism on the land.
The Hindu cycle for rebirth and redeath is called
reincarnation
Migration to the United States today can be considered
restricted.
The idea of young people speaking Welsh is an example of
resurgent ethnicity.
A democracy is a government that
rules with the consent of its people.
Which country has the greatest production of crude oil according to the map?
russia
The rise of e-tailing has recently caused a drop in
sales for traditional booksellers like Barnes & Noble and Borders.
The word diaspora means ______________ and is usually applied to ______________
scattering; the Jews throughout Europe and other places
On the map of trade routes in the Middle Ages the green lines signify ____________ while the purple lines are __________________.
sea routes; land routes
Which level of education is necessary to be completed for a society to be able to move forward in most ways?
secondary and high school
One of the first steps toward a modern system of sovereign states was
seen in central Europe with sovereignty in the Westphalian state system
Feudalism was a small scale economic endeavor based on
self-contained estates
Retailing now is more and more tied to 'e-tailing' which involves
shopping on-line with stores like Amazon or eBay
Retailing now is more and more tied to 'e-tailing' which involves
shopping on-line with stores like Amazon or eBay.
Lighter colors on the maps of world population in the text
show areas of lower/less dense human population
Spatial patterns in geography
show arrays or distributions of phenomena on the Earth's surface.
The three maps showing elections results in Iraq
show that votes favored different values (parties) in different regions.
Prince Henry, the Navigator of Portugal, funded expeditions that
showed there was no uninhabitable 'torrid' zone in the tropics.
In northern Africa, the Nile River
shows up as a dark streak of intensely high population density.
Minimata disease is related to
sickness from mercury poisoning in coastal waters.
Comparing a city developed as an agricultural center in a valley with one developed as the center of a widely spread empire emphasizes the quality of
situation.
An area of slave trade that most people in the United States do not think about is _____________.
slaves taken from east Africa to Arabia.
September 11, 2001 tended to do what to Americans?
solidify feelings of American-ness by flying more flags and having deeper patriotic feelings
The definition of luxury is
something desired in a culture which is not a necessity
The main lesson learned from polio might be
sometimes improvements in lifestyle increase susceptibility to certain diseases
Though Singapore is extremely developed, its political path has been
somewhat authoritarian.
Which is not necessarily a marker for a nation?
sovereignty
Applied to the United States, the rural land use model shows what mainly in California?
specialty crops
The concept that languages geographically close together, though from different families, may share traits because of that proximity is called
sprachbund.
The Theravada tradition of Buddhism
spread eastward and southward from its core in the Ganges basin in India.
In the Roman Empire, roads connected cities in a network
spreading from Spain to Romania
Depending on the technological era all transport types
start out more expensive and then decrease in cost over time
Thomas Malthus's rather deterministic view of population
stated that increase would lead to poverty and war.
Ellsworth Huntington's brand of environmental determinism
stereotyped tropical peoples as lazy and prone to moral lapses
The process where people move back into renovated older housing is called
suburbanization
The four noble truths of Buddhism can be summarized as teaching that
suffering can be overcome and desire can be diminished.
Two main principles in capitalistic economies are
supply and demand.
If India could not import food, it would have to
support about 4,000 people on every square kilometer of land.
In subsistence agriculture, nearly all the crops are used to
support the farmer.
In the Columbian Exchange which crops or products had their origins in America?
sweet potatoes and tobacco
Manufacturing is a production chain that
takes raw materials and transforms them into finished products.
Barriers to trade might be
tariffs or quotas.
Steam engines ultimately drove which of the following which also drove the industrial revolution?
textile production and railway engines
In Urumqi in western China, Chinese officials fear that which will be an ethnic problem?
that Taiwan will take control of the city
In the development of seed farming, which is the first step that had to be figured out by humans?
that a seed is the basis for producing the plant
What notion does the term 'ghetto' imply?
that one group is a minority and prevented from mixing with the greater culture
Based on the U.S. map of mortality rates for heart disease, one could say
that the rates are higher in the deep south to southern Great Plains.
The map of commodity export countries shows
that the world's most developed regions are not involved in single commodity export.
To say a pattern is random is to say
that there is no identifiable design or form to the distribution.
Many of the world's countries exist in a state of neocolonialism which is
that, though independent, they still have strong relations with the former colonial mother country.
On the map of agricultural regions of the world, intensive subsistence farming is not found much in
the Americas.
Arrows on the map representing colonial control and that era are focused in
the Atlantic.
In the Middle Ages two main axes of trade were
the Baltic Hanseatic League and Italian port cities.
Which is the best example of decolonization?
the British Colonies of North America revolting and becoming independent
Industrialization diffused rather slowly because
the British jealously guarded industrial secrets and processes.
Which is not the best example of a mystico-religious site?
the Coca-Cola museum in Atlanta where the drink is seen as the serum of life
One group of Christians found in Africa's Nile region, where you would perhaps least expect Christians are
the Coptics.
Which is a good example of a political unit existing at a scale larger than a state?
the European Union
Most indications are that modern agriculture in Europe was an extension of agriculture that was originally in
the Fertile Crescent
The first area to develop cities was
the Fertile Crescent region, or Sumeria.
The origins of runes are unclear but they were probably developed by
the Goths (Germanic subfamily of Indo-European).
The first grid(s) in design are attributed to
the Greeks who saw rationality and symmetry in using them.
Which is the best example of a nation?
the Kurdish people, who reside in northern Iraq and southeast Turkey
Between AD 900 and AD 1100 capitalistic trade arose in what two places?
the Mediterranean and Baltic Sea/North Sea areas of Europe
Between AD 900 and AD 1100 capitalistic trade arose in what two places?the Mediterranean and Baltic Sea/North Sea areas of Europe
the Mediterranean and Baltic Sea/North Sea areas of Europe
The best example of a stateless nation would be
the Native Americans (Indians) of the United States
The theory of the state that says that the state derives from servicing the needs of all members and groups within is called
the Pluralist state theory.
The greatest chokepoint in the world for oil passage according to the map is
the Strait of Hormuz
The earliest cities emerged in Sumeria near which rivers?
the Tigris and the Euphrates
One hundred and seventy-five years after onset of urbanization, which region or country had urbanized the most?
the U.K
Two country's whose HDI ranks better than PPP would be
the U.S. and Luxembourg
The map of tourist destinations focuses on places in
the United States, Europe, and China.
Most religions follow some kind of sacred writing-or scripture. The Hindu sacred stories are called
the Vedas.
Two global agencies that attempt to promote third world development are
the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.
Several Asian countries have followed on Japan's good example of development. These countries include South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore. The name applied to these new marvels of Asian development is
the asian tigers
Today the major factor in the size and function of most of our U.S. cities is
the automobile.
One unfortunate result of the explorations of the Portuguese along the coasts of Africa was
the beginning of the slave trade in which most other European countries also participated
Though Italy's capital is in the historic center of Rome
the best industry and agriculture by far is in the north.
Which is more likely to be part of transportation in a European city compared to a U.S. city?
the bicycle
A 'nation-state' occurs when
the boundaries of the state mainly coincide with that of the ethnic nation
A 'nation-state' occurs when
the boundaries of the state mainly coincide with that of the ethnic nation.
Globalization is often defined as
the broader integration of more places around the world.
In modern American cities the very center, the CBD, is labeled the PVI which indicates
the center area of maximum access.
By 1800 the Industrial Revolution was in full force in Britain mainly in
the central Midlands.
The tourism industry caters to
the consumption of place through travel.
If there were less immigration into the United States, then over time
the country would gain more area.
Which is the best choice referring to gender?
the culture nuances between the sexes
According to the map of the origins of agriculture, which was NOT an origin or hearth?
the current population core of the northeast U.S.
Though China is a powerhouse today, in 1950 and before
the disparity between it and Europe was humongous
With lower and lower RNI worldwide
the earth will still add a billion people to its population every 20 years or so.
Which would most likely to be locations of high-tech computer and software industries?
the east coast and the west coast
Productivity involves
the efficiency measured by the relative output per unit of labor.
At the center of the Spanish derived Latin American city ______________ would be found because of the pre-existing functions of church, government, and market.
the elite, or wealthier people
For Buddhists, Nirvana means
the ending of greed and suffering.
Regarding membership in an ethnic group
the ethnic group itself decides what constitutes membership.
One of the most severe problems with trafficking of young people in the long run is that
the family system is eroded and family values may not be passed to subsequent generations
Culture and ethnicity are
the focus of a great deal of attention by geographers.
A site is the immediate environment of a place while situation deals with
the general surroundings of a place.
The phrase 'digital divide' indicates
the gulf between countries with Internet capabilities and access compared to those without it.
On the map of world urban percentages, the darkest brown color (at the top of the map legend) represents
the highest percentage urban.
The development of the steam engine was a main event powering
the industrial revolution
The need to accurately measure longitude in the 1600s and 1700s eventually led to
the invention of the clock.
Which might be a backward linkage with regard to the production of an automobile?
the iron ore which was mined and made into the auto's engine
Belgium's tripartite political structure was created in
the late 1900s
The urban population map of France shows that
the main city in influence, without doubt, is Paris.
Which is the best definition for the term 'lingua franca'?
the most common language in an area for culture, business, and government
The map of the island of Cyprus shows
the northern part is Turkish, ethnically.
The number 2.1 represents
the number of children that China allows legally
The illustration of Silicon Valley shows
the number of high tech computer, software, and microchip firms south of San Francisco
in the U.S., Europe, and Japan.
the number of high tech computer, software, and microchip firms south of San Francisco.
One issue which shows discrimination against or acceptance of women in a culture might be
the number or percentage of women in a country's adult labor force.
The agent in malaria is
the parasite of the genus plasmodium.
Which was the type of shopping center that predominated from the late 1800s to the early 1900s?
the pedestrian downtown commercial strip
Overall, the most important criteria in understanding a vernacular region is
the perception of an individual about the extent of the region.
The map of ethnicity in Milwaukee emphasizes
the persistent segregation (separation) geographically of two cultures.
In Sauer's 'morphology of landscape'
the physical landscape is modified by culture to produce a cultural landscape.
Which of the following is true of a feudal system?
the political system is not necessarily tied to complete territorial control in that system
According to Marxist theory, the map of calories per capita per day shows that
the problem is not lack of food, rather the improper distribution of it.
What is a crop complex?
the proper combination of different crops which works best for a culture
One region of the world where, in the past, many city-states existed was
the region of the eastern Mediterranean around today's Italy and Greece
The political economy of a state represents
the relations between the state, state members, and economic activities there
One example of two emergent cultures coming out of one previous one would be
the rise of two Koreas politically and culturally.
Which is the best example of a tertiary sector economic activity?
the sale of insurance for that automobile
At the urban center of a modern city in the United States one might find as a main marker
the skyscraper.
Though we often talk about the 'South', speak of 'southern hospitality' and mention that people have southern accents
the south, as a region, is very difficult to define.
Regarding per capita earnings on the map of the U.S. in 1950, what region was in the lowest category?
the southeast
One example of government regulating in the United States is
the splitting of companies that appear to be monopolistic
The Ring of Fire is
the tectonically active rim of the Pacific Ocean.
In Rostow's process of development
the top and final step is rather naively labeled simply 'age of mass consumption'
In transportation, a network is
the total combination of nodes and links.
The location of textile mills in the northeastern United States was found mainly
the transport centers of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea
The phrase 'industrial activity' refers to
the use of raw materials to make or fabricate a final product.
What might be a forward linkage in the construction of a computer?
the use of the computer for advanced genealogy research in a library
New interstate highways built post-1960 with their large highway rings around traditional city centers increased
the wealth of people living near the CBDs.
On the map of overall GDP growth, the deepest purple represents
the worst growth performance
Which is true about the map of physicians per population?
there are less than 5 physicians per every 10,000 people in Africa.
Regarding English spoken in the British Isles
there are many dialects spread throughout the isles.
Geographers often look at processes, meaning how patterns became the way they are. If processes have multivariate explanations, then:
there are many factors which help explain the phenomenon.
The Ethnologue data base originally compiled by researcher wishing to translate the Bible into all the world's languages finds that
there are more than 400 languages of only a few speakers which are about to go extinct.
In terms of retail location, since 1900
there has been a sea-change of stores moving from central cities to suburbs
Distance decay means
there is more interaction among closer places than those farther away
Regarding timing of federal development projects
there were many more nationwide in the mid-1900s
Regarding gendered spaces
they are common and we experience gendered space almost everyday.
Which is true about Cajun people as an ethnic group?
they are found in many southern parishes of Louisiana
A brief glance at the Protestant church buildings in the pictures shows that
they are perhaps more simple and less ornate than other Christian churches
When considering the construction of malls, we must remember that
they are rarely being built these days-and are often demolished.
In malaria, because the agent plasmodium can be dormant for up to three years
they can infect the host in periodic bouts of the disease.
By mapping cholera deaths, John Snow found that
they clustered around infected wells for drinking water.
In geography, processes are not deterministic because
they don't always result in the same pattern
In organic cities which of the following is most true?
they grow by accretion, area by area, according to how people walk-without machines
One trait of the more developed and industrialized first world countries of the world is that
they have increasingly more elderly people to care for
What has been one major change in the location of automobile industry assembly plants over the last 50 years in the U.S.?
they have steadily moved into the upland and Deep South
Scurvy, a debilitating disease caused by the lack of vitamin C in a diet did not affect sailors until
they started venturing out farther into oceans and away from coasts.
Which of the following is not true regarding processes as important to geographers?
they want to memorize the capital cities of countries.
When people of Irish ancestry first came to the United States
they were often treated poorly because they were minority Catholics among Protestants.
To say that Rotokas, a language in New Guinea, has only 11 phonemes is saying that
this is how many active sounds are used in the language.
Ireland and Nigeria have similar sized economies
though Ireland only has 4.5 million compared to 160 million in Nigeria.
Regarding percent urbanized in population which is true regarding Australia and New Zealand?
though they are very urbanized, their total populations are low
Which of the following is most likely to reinforce ethnic sentiment or unity?
times of persecution or chaos toward an ethnic group
Traditionally, land values in the CBD were prohibitively high for residential use, which caused the American city
to expand outwards.
The development of a huge exotic 'Ferrari World' amusement theme park in Abu Dhabi, UAE, is a good example of place consumption through
tourism
The development of a huge exotic 'Ferrari World' amusement theme park in Abu Dhabi, UAE, is a good example of place consumption through
tourism.
In the map of life expectancies, Japan exhibits
traits in common with Western Europe
In the sector model, Homer Hoyt added what main characteristic to a city's development?
transport corridors
In primitive examples of government, territory might have been ruled by
tribal chiefdoms.
In the cities of the U.S. and in other industrialized cities of the world a main cause of air pollution overall is from
trucks and automobiles.
One possible solution to the unequal development seen among countries is
try to move many countries away from the singular involvement in the primary sector.
Maps and discussion in the text show that ethnic groups like Sri Lankan Tamils or Tibetans may
try to reinforce their ethnicity by becoming independent countries.
The gravity model generally demonstrates that
two large cities interact more than a large city with a small city
The map of the diffusion and geography of Islam shows
two main religious 'sects' or 'regions'.
A discussion of world development usually involves
understanding people's living standards in the world's countries.
Sometimes a country like Italy, Serbia, or the former Soviet Union, will have 'autonomous' regions which are special
usually because of ethnic or cultural uniqueness.
In the photograph regarding ecotones, what are two ecotones apparent?
valley grasses and plants and forest
When the Von Thunen rural land use model is applied to the United States, at its core what is the most similar to the original model?
vegetables and dairying in the Northeast (the largest market)
The map showing subjective measures of well-being around the world (like say increasing 'happiness') shows that the United States is
very happy
The map showing subjective measures of well-being around the world (like say increasing 'happiness') shows that the United States is
very happy.
Medieval cities had to be constructed to serve defensive purposes so main ingredients in their construction and makeup would be
walls, gates, moats, and other fortifications.
The best example of 'pastoral nomadism' would be
wandering with sheep in southern Idaho
The best example of 'pastoral nomadism' would be
wandering with sheep in southern Idaho.
Water projects like the Tennessee Valley Authority
was a public/government funded project of a type no longer very popular
In Kentucky, the Valley of the Drums
was a toxic waste site of hundreds of barrels of toxic fluids.
One main reason for the development of cities from villages was that food
was available in surplus which increased town growth
According to the authors, the oldest known world map
was from Babylonia.
The origins or core of Buddhism around 500 B.C.
was in northern India in the Ganges River Valley.
Great growth of cities, like Las Vegas and Phoenix in western dry environments epitomizes issues relating to
water diversion.
Over the last 100 years, the city of Las Vegas has taught us that
water provided to desert communities helps them to grow greatly.
The process of repatriation involves
ways of bringing back refuges into their home countries.
After World War II, in Bucharest, Romania, street names
were changed to reflect communist ideals
Marx and Engels
were writers who influenced early structuralist geographers
The map of world colonial or neocolonial regions shows world cores in
western cores of western Europe and the eastern United States.
Areas of urban development later, around the year AD 0 would have been in
what is today Central and northern South America
Which was a main characteristic of agriculture in the Fertile Crescent?
wheat and barley
Conspicuous consumption is
when a people display status by ostentatiously showing off their material goods
The best example of then migrants change the structure of a population might be
when large numbers of Muslims move into Paris.
Ellis Island was
where many immigrants came into the United States.
Each green dot on the tornado map represents
where one tornado touched down in the United States
Blur your vision and look at the map of language extinction. The pattern you see generally corresponds with
where third world or less developed countries are located
The example of Nike shoes shows
whole advertising worlds developed in order to enhance consumption
When looking at power use per person (capita) in Europe a question one might ask is
why might power use in France be so much higher than in the United Kingdom?
Yonkers, Peekskill, Catskill, the Bronx, and Staten Island are all place names in New York
with Swedish OR Dutch origins
In developed countries migration _______________ countries is more common than migration _______________ countries.
within; between
If the CBR = 40 and the CDR = 10, then the RNI
would be relatively high.
The center of the traditional walking city, like Philadelphia in 1780,
would focus exclusively on the port.
When Marco Polo visited China from Venice he
wrote extensively about the wealth of the country.
The human capital model says that
young people move because they have less to lose and more to gain