FSHN150 Chapter 1 - Nutrition, Food Choices, and Health

stroke

A cerebrovascular accident is another name for a

- simple or complex.

Carbohydrates can be categorized as Multiple choice question. - essential or nonessential. - major or trace. - micro or macro. - simple or complex.

- type 2 diabetes. - cardiovascular disease. - obesity.

Regular physical activity reduces the risk of Multiple select question. - obesity. - tooth decay. - type 2 diabetes. - cardiovascular disease.

- flavor - food customs - advertising - economics

Select all that apply Which factors can affect our food choices? Multiple select question. - secretary of interior recommendations - food customs - advertising - flavor - economics

- carbohydrates.

Sugars, starches, and fibers are forms of Multiple choice question. - proteins. - lipids. - carbohydrates.

- Carbohydrates

are nutrients that provide the body with a major source of calories. Multiple choice question. - Vitamins and minerals - Water - Carbohydrates

- obesity.

A condition characterized by excess body fat called Multiple choice question. - osteoporosis. - stroke. - cancer. - obesity.

- provide a source of energy to the body.

A major function of carbohydrates is to ______. Multiple choice question. - serve as an integral component of many hormones. - provide a source of energy to the body. - form the building blocks of many of the body's cells. - enhance the functions of other enzymes.

chronic

A(n) ______ disease is one that develops over a long period of time. Multiple choice question. - chronic - acute

- 2/3

Approximately ______ of American adults are overweight or obese. Multiple choice question. - 1/2 - 1/3 - 2/3 - 1/4

- 1/3

Approximately ______ of American children are overweight or obese. Multiple choice question. - 1/2 - 2/3 - 1/3 - 1/4

- classes of nutrients.

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water are all Multiple choice question. - suppliers of usable calories. - needed in equal amounts. - classes of nutrients.

- obesity

Children who watch a lot of television and consume large amounts of fast food and sugary drinks are at risk for developing ______ as they grow older. Multiple choice question. - obesity - foodborne illness - failure to thrive - food allergies

- high blood glucose.

Diabetes is associated with Multiple choice question. - high blood calcium level. - high blood glucose. - elevated hemoglobin level. - rapid heart rate.

- Choose tomatoes with the darkest red color for the most nutrients. - Cook tomatoes to increase the bioavailability of nutrients and phytochemicals.

From the following, select ways to get the most nutritional benefits from eating tomatoes. Multiple select question. - Cook tomatoes to increase the bioavailability of nutrients and phytochemicals. - Choose imported tomatoes rather than locally grown tomatoes. - Choose tomatoes with the darkest red color for the most nutrients. - Choose artificially ripened tomatoes instead of naturally ripened tomatoes.

- 9

Lipids provide ______ kilocalories per gram. Multiple choice question. - 7 - 3 - 4 - 9

10 grams carbohydrate -- 40 kcal 5 grams fat -- 45 kcal 4 grams protein -- 16 kcal

Match the calorie cost for each of the nutrients in the following food. 10 grams carbohydrate - 5 grams fat - 4 grams protein - - 45 kcal - 16 kcal - 40 kcal

- plant

Most Americans get one-third of their protein from ______ sources. Multiple choice question. - animal - plant

- Osteoporosis

Name the chronic disease characterized by decreased bone mass related to the effects of aging, genetics, and poor diet. Multiple choice question. - Sarcopenia - Diabetes - Osteoporosis - Hypertension

nutrition

Name the science that links food and health. Multiple choice question. - nutrition - homeopathic - biology - kinesiology

True

Poor diet and inadequate physical activity contribute to the development of obesity. True false question.

nutrients

The chemical substances in food that contribute to health, many of which are essential parts of a dietary pattern, are called ___________.

vitamin

The main function of a(n) ________ is to help an interaction between two chemicals to occur, changing both chemicals.

False

True or false: An unhealthy diet consumed at a young age has no effect on the development of health problems later in life.

True

True or false: Carbohydrates come in the forms of both simple sugars and complex carbohydrates.

True

True or false: Cardiovascular disease occurs in the heart or blood vessels of the body.

True

True or false: Lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and sometimes other atoms.

False

True or false: Lipids contain fewer calories per gram than carbohydrates.

True

True or false: Nutrition is the science that links foods to health and disease.

True

True or false: Obesity, inactivity, alcohol intake, excess salt intake, and genetics may all contribute to the development of hypertension.

False

True or false: Plant sources supply about two-thirds of protein intake for most North Americans.

True

True or false: Regular physical activity (30 to 60 minutes most days) can reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases.

False

True or false: Tomatoes are best eaten raw, because cooking tomatoes destroys most of the nutrients and phytochemicals.

True

True or false: Two overarching goals of Healthy People 2030 are to increase the quality and years of healthy life and to eliminate health disparities.

True

True or false: Vitamins enable many chemical reactions to occur in the body.

- poor diet - lack of physical activity

What are the two main factors that contribute to the development of obesity? Multiple select question. - poor diet - active lifestyle - lack of physical activity - smoking

- H2O

What is the chemical representation of water? Multiple choice question. - H2O - CO2 - HO2 - O2H

- 91 kcal

What is the kilocalorie content of a food that provides 7 grams fat, 4 grams carbohydrate, and 3 grams protein? Multiple choice question. - 76 kcal - 91 kcal - 58 kcal

- cardiovascular disease

What is the name of the disease that is characterized by the deposition of fatty material in the blood vessels? Multiple choice question. - chronic cancer - hypertension - cardiovascular disease - glucose malabsorption disease

- taste

What is the number one reason people give for the food choices they make? Multiple choice question. - healthfulness - sustainability - price - taste

hypertension

When blood pressure is elevated over an extended time period, a person may have

risk factors

______________ is the term used when discussing the aspects such as heredity, lifestyle, and nutritional choices that contribute to the development of a disease.

- Cancer

is a chronic condition characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells. Multiple choice question. - Hypertension - Diabetes - Obesity - Cancer

- Diabetes

is a group of diseases characterized by hyperglycemia (high blood glucose). Multiple choice question. - Diabetes - Obesity - Osteoporosis - Hypertension

- Supplies about 7 kcal per gram. - Not considered an essential nutrient.

Choose the statements that are true about alcohol. Multiple select question. - Supplies about 9 kcal per gram - Supplies about 7 kcal per gram. - Not considered an essential nutrient. - Required for human function.

- risk factors.

Heredity, lifestyle choices, and nutritional habits are all examples of Multiple choice question. - chronic conditions. - epidemics. - comorbidities. - risk factors.

- alcohol - animal fats - salt

High intakes of ______ tend to increase the risk of developing chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Multiple select question. - alcohol - animal fats - salt - fat-soluble vitamins

- heredity - smoking - nutritional habits

Which of the following are examples of risk factors? Multiple select question. - political preference - heredity - smoking - nutritional habits

- Glucose - Sucrose

Which of the following are examples of simple sugars? Multiple select question. - Glucose - Starch - Sucrose - Fiber

- genetics - obesity - excess salt intake

Which of the following are factors that might contribute to hypertension? Multiple select question. - genetics - obesity - excess salt intake - frequent exercise

- sugars - fibers - starches

Which of the following are forms of carbohydrates? Multiple select question. - sugars - fats - fibers - starches

- Work for an employer with a wellness program - Snack on raw vegetables instead of chips or pretzels - Find a workout partner

Which of the following are strategies that may help to prevent weight gain over time? Multiple select question. - Work for an employer with a wellness program - Snack on raw vegetables instead of chips or pretzels - Find a workout partner - Dine in restaurants often

- eliminate health disparities - increase quality and years of healthy life

Which of the following are the goals of Healthy People 2030? Multiple select question. - increase quality and years of healthy life - provide dietary supplements for all Americans - eliminate health disparities

- vegetables - fruits

Which of the following foods are rich in phytochemicals? Multiple select question. - vegetables - dairy products - fruits - fish

- vitamins - water - minerals

Which of the following is not one of the six classes of nutrients? Multiple choice question. - vitamins - kilocalories - water - minerals

- Heart disease

Which of the following is the best example of a chronic disease? Multiple choice question. - Heart disease - Strep throat - Common cold - Salmonellosis

- Proteins

Which of the following is the main structural material in the body? Multiple choice question. - Proteins - Lipids - Vitamins - Carbohydrates

osteoporosis

When bones are porous and fragile due to low mineral density, a person may have __________.

bond

A linkage between two atoms formed by the sharing of electrons, or attraction is called a _____________.

- oxygen

A lipid is made up of which of the following? Multiple select question. - iron - oxygen

- water

A major nutrient that consists of two hydrogen molecules and one oxygen molecule is ______. Multiple choice question. - protein - lipid - water - carbohydrate

- increases

A sedentary lifestyle ______ risk of developing chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Multiple choice question. - increases - decreases - does not affect

- decrease or loss of blood flow to the brain.

A stroke is a Multiple choice question. - condition characterized by uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells. - decrease or loss of blood flow to the brain. - decrease or loss of blood flow to the heart. - condition in which blood pressure remains persistently elevated.

- cardiovascular

The medical term that refers to any disease of the heart and circulatory system is ______ disease. Multiple choice question. - pulmonary - diverticular - cardiovascular - diabetic

hunger

The primarily physical, biological drive to find and eat food, that is mostly regulated by internal cues to eating is called ____________

- engage in regular physical activity.

To prevent excessive weight gain during adulthood, Multiple choice question. - choose high-calorie snack foods. - eliminate fruit from the dietary pattern. - dine frequently at fast-food restaurants. - engage in regular physical activity.

False

True or false: Meat and dairy products are typically rich in phytochemicals.

True

True or false: Most body structures are made of protein.

False

True or false: Starch is an example of a simple sugar.

True

True or false: The body gets nutrients from food.

- bond

What is the name for the linkage between sugar molecules (i.e., fiber) that cannot be broken by digestion? Multiple choice question. - matrix - fiberous cells - bond - threshold

- They are structurally simple. - They do not contain carbon atoms. - They are inorganic.

What is true about minerals? Multiple select question. - They are structurally simple. - They do not contain carbon atoms. - They are inorganic. - They are classified as water-soluble or fat-soluble.

obesity

____________ is a condition characterized by excess body fat.