FSSD NREMT Review Questions

Inadequate oxygen delivery to the body's tissues is called:

hypoxia

How should you open the airway of an unresponsive patient with an unknown mechanism of injury?

jaw-thrust maneuver

You are caring for a 12-year-old who was injured at the neighborhood skate park. He was not wearing a helmet and is responsive to pain. You note snoring respirations and deformity to the left ankle. You should:

open the airway using a jaw-thrust maneuver

You are conducting a primary assessment on an elderly fall victim who complains of hip pain. While assessing circulation, you should check:

pulses, external bleeding and skin condition.

Coordinating efforts through a unified command system at a mass casualty incident will likely:

reduce duplication of effort and freelancing.

Which of the following signs of hypoxia is more commonly found in pediatric patients?

seesaw respirations

Your patient has been exposed to a chemical that over-stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system. You would expect this patient to exhibit:

vomiting

When administering Narcan, what dosage is sprayed in each of the nares?

0.5 mg

You are caring for a 3-year-old patient in cardiac arrest. What is the correct compression to ventilation ratio for two-person CPR on this patient?

15 compressions to 2 ventilations

Treatment should begin at a mass casualty incident:

After triage has been completed

You are dispatched for a possible CVA. Upon arrival, you determine the patient is responsive to painful stimuli. Which of the following should be assessed first for this patient?

Airway

Which of the following is usually the most dangerous? A) Venous Bleed B) Capillary Bleed C) Arterial Bleed D) Dark red Bleed

Arterial Bleed

You are dispatched to a soccer game for a 12-year-old female with signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction. Upon arrival, the patient's mother hands you an epinephrine auto-injector. You should:

Begin the primary assessment

You should assess CMS at what time(s) when applying a traction splint to a closed femur fracture?

Both before and after traction splint application

Which of the following choices is a normal systolic blood pressure in a child? A) Less than 80 mm Hg B) 70 mm Hg C) Greater than 70 mm Hg D) Greater than 120 mm Hg

C) Greater than 70 mmHg

You notice that your 10 month-old patient is performing belly breathing. This signifies which of the following? A) Labored Breathing B) Rapid Breathing C) Normal Breathing D) Loud Breathing

C) Normal Breathing

The primary assessment of an adult with chest pain includes:

Determine the transport priority

During an assessment of a 78 year old woman you find her skin to be cool, moist, and pale. What would you suspect?

Hypoperfusion

Administering nitroglycerin to a pt may cause?

Hypotension

Cells that die during a stroke are called?

Infarcted cells

What route is epinephrine administered?

Intramuscular

What are the 6 rights to Medication Administration?

Right Patient Right Medication Right Dose Right Time Right Route Right Documentaion

Who is responsible for sorting pt's based on severity of injury in an MCI?

Triage Officer

EMTs are required to contact medical control to administer Epinephrine? (True or False)

True

When should you specifically ask the pt if they are taking Brillnta?

When preparing to administer Aspirin

A 36-year-old female presents with a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. She is anxious, has intercostal retractions and nasal flaring. Her respiratory rate is 24 breaths per minute. You do not have a pulse oximeter. You should:

administer oxygen via nonrebreather mask at 15 lpm.

A nonrebreather mask should be administered to patients who:

are breathing adequately with signs of hypoxia

During a hazardous materials incident, you should take standard precautions:

before making contact with the patient

Nerve agents and choking agents are examples of:

chemical agents.

Which of the following provides oxygenated blood directly to the heart?

coronary arteries

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) can reduce respiratory distress by:

helping to keep the alveoli open

You are called for a 6-month-old infant with respiratory distress. Which of the following is true about patients in this age group?

infants are obligate nose breathers.

Carbon monoxide exposure is dangerous because it:

reduces delivery of oxygen.

Which of the following findings indicates partial obstruction of the upper airway?

stridor

Assault is used to describe behavior that?

-Is threatening -Causes fear of offensive physical contact -Attempts offensive physical contact

How long should you hold the epinephrine twin-injector for?

10 seconds

A Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) will usually stop after:

10-15 Minutes

When there are signs and symptoms that your patient is hypoxic, you should:

Administer oxygen at 15 lpm via nonrebreather mask

You are caring for a patient who was ejected during a single vehicle rollover. The patient responds incoherently to verbal commands. You should first:

Assess the patient's airway

Why does Nitroglycerin lower the blood pressure?

Because it dilates the vessels reducing the preload on the heart

Is approval from medical control required for the administration of oral glucose?

No

If a patient was feeling nauseated this would likely be a_______________response. If a person was tachycardic it would likely be a___________________ response.

Parasympathetic / sympathetic

Upon assessment of a 55 year old male, you find his blood pressure to be 124/75 his pulse is 122 and his respirations are 18. It would be stated that this man is?

Tachycardic

Shallow respirations and bradypnea will likely cause:

a decrease in minute volume

To determine if CPR is indicated for an unresponsive patient less than one year of age, you should assess the:

brachial pulse

A 16-year-old male is unconscious following an assault. When you insert an OPA, the patient begins gagging. You should:

remove the airway and prepare to suction as needed.

The rapid extrication technique should be used at a motor vehicle accident when:

the patient has life-threating injuries

Which of the following is the most frequent cause of airway obstruction?

the tongue

What is the dosage of for an albuterol treatment?

2.5 mg

With regards to blood pressure, which of the following statements is true? A) Blood pressure has a direct affect on the perfusion of the body's tissues B) Blood pressure is the single most important sign during the initial assessment

A) Blood pressure has a direct affect on the perfusion of the body's tissues

When a pulse oximeter is available, how should oxygen be administered to a patient experiencing chest pain?

Administer oxygen to maintain a pulse oximeter reading of at least 94%.

You are caring for a six-year-old patient with respiratory distress. The pulse oximeter (Sa02) reads 93%. Your management of the patient should include:

Administer sufficient oxygen to maintain a pulse oximeter reading of at least 94%.

Which of the following describes the purpose of administering aspirin to a suspected myocardial infarction patient?

Aspirin reduces platelet aggregation in the coronary arteries.

An elderly patient reportedly collapsed on a golf course almost 10 minutes ago. You assess her level of consciousness and determine she is unresponsive. Which of the following should you do first:

Assess pulse and begin CPR if needed

When describing a pt's alertness, which of the following would you not use? A) Oriented B)Active C)Disoriented D) Alert

B) Active

While completing your head-to-toe assessment, which of the following are you not looking for when examining the pupils? A)Shape B)Clarity C)Reaction to light D)Size

B) Clarity

Your 5-year-old patient is unresponsive. A carotid pulse is present at 40 beats per minute. Breaths are shallow at six per minute. You should immediately:

Begin chest compressions

One pupil dilated and the other constricted would suggest what type of injury?

Cerebral

After an adult cardiac arrest pt has been intubated by your paramedic partner, you are tasked with providing ventilation's as another member of your crew performs chest compressions. When ventilating the pt, you should?

Deliver each breath over roughly 1 second at a rate of 8-10 breaths per min

Your patient is unresponsive following blunt trauma to the head. Which of the following is the EMT's first priority for an unresponsive patient?

Determine if CPR is indicated

Your 6-year-old patient jumped from a swing and injured his right leg. You note deformity to the right leg above the ankle. The patient most likely has a fracture to the:

Distal tibia

You are called to a home where a 91 year old man has had a syncopal episode and is vomiting. The caregiver who called 911 stated that the patient's bowel movements have been bright red since yesterday. The patient has not complained of any pain, but is nauseated. What is most likely wrong with this man and which choice includes appropriate treatment steps?

He has a lower GI bleed and should be given O2 via nasal cannula at 4LPM and transported in a position of comfort while treating for shock

Which of the following interventions should be performed first for an unresponsive patient with a suspected spinal cord injury?

Jaw thrust maneuver

Which of the following medications is intended to decrease myocardial workload and increase myocardial blood flow?

Nitroglycerin

Life-threatening bleeding should be found and treated during the:

Primary assessment

You arrive at a nightclub to find an unconscious 24-year-old female lying on her back. During which part of your assessment would you discover a small caliber gunshot wound to the back?

Rapid Trauma Assessment

You are first on the scene of a motor vehicle collision involving multiple vehicles. Which of the following should you do first:

Request additional resources

You are caring for a multi-system trauma patient with possible internal bleeding. Select the correct statement about the rapid scan for a multi-system trauma patient:

The rapid scan is used to identify life-threatening conditions.

Which of the following is true during inhalation of a spontaneously breathing patient?

There is a drop in pressure within the thorax

An oropharyngeal airway is indicated for which of the following patients?

a 44-year-old unconscious patient.

An elderly female reportedly had a severe headache for the last 24 hours. She was recently found unconscious in bed. Her family reports she has a history of hypertension and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). The patient's current condition is most likely due to:

a hemorrhagic stroke.

Your 67-year-old patient recently began taking a new medication. He is complaining of a sudden onset of severe respiratory distress. He quickly becomes semi-conscious and unable to follow verbal commands. His pulse oximeter (SaO2) is 89%. You should:

assist ventilations with a BVM.

In unresponsive patients over one year of age, you should palpate the:

carotid pulse

When assembling a nebulizer, which flow rate should you set the O2 bottle too?

6 LPM

You are treating a 35-year-old man who was stung by a bee. He is allergic to bees and has a prescribed epinephrine auto-injector. His breath sounds are clear and non-labored. His BP is 130/82. How should you manage this patient?

Assess the patient for signs of hypoxia, administer oxygen as needed, and transport.

You are called to the scene of a man down. Dispatch reports the man is pulseless and bystanders are doing CPR. According to the NREMT Cardiac Arrest Management/AED skill sheet, which of the following sequences is appropriate? A) Check for responsiveness, Assess for breathing, Check carotid pulse , put your gloves on B)Question the bystanders, direct them to stop CPR , check for pulse and then attach the AED, Begin chest compressions C) Turn on power to AED, open the patient's airway, insert an adjunct and then analyze the rhythm D) Complete one cycle of CPR, Attach the AED, Have everyone stand clear during rhythm check

D) Complete one cycle of CPR, Attach the AED, Have everyone stand clear during rhythm check

A 57 year old woman is complaining of chest pain. Her blood pressure is 109/88 and her respirations are at 22 per minute. What condition does the patient's blood pressure indicate?

Low pulse pressure

You are treating an unresponsive patient with slow, shallow respirations and pinpoint pupils. Which of the following conditions is most likely?

Narcotic overdose

You are treating a 6 y/o female pt. Her parents called because she fell off a play structure earlier in the day and when they tried to wake her from her nap, she was not alert. She is bradycardic, blood pressure is 70/40, she has an altered mentation and her skin is warm to the touch. You suspect?

Neurogenic Shock

You have just arrived on scene of a single vehicle accident involving a truck that has slid off the road and rolled. Your patient was driving about 40 MPH when he hit an icy spot and went off the road rolling the vehicle one time. After completing your scene size up, which of the following treatment choices would be the most appropriate?

Perform a rapid trauma assessment

You are caring for a 22-year-old female who complains of respiratory distress after exercising. She is alert, speaking full sentences, and has a persistent cough. She is most likely experiencing:

Respiratory distress with adequate breathing

You respond to a local elementary school gym for a report of a 12 y/o student w/ a broken right arm. As you approach the pt from across the room, you can see angulation and gross deformity to the right humerus. Which joints will you immobilize to prepare the pt for transport?

Shoulder and Elbow

After the baby's head has delivered you should?

Suction the mouth and nose then check if the cord is wrapped around the infant's neck

When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in an adult patient, you should be sure it is inserted so that?

The airway is initially inserted upside down and then rotated 180 degrees

Which of the following adult patients is breathing adequately?

a patient with respirations at 16 per minute and equal chest rise and fall.

You respond to a preschool facility for an ill child. Upon arrival, you find an unresponsive 8-month-old. The infant has a palpable pulse of 50 beats per minute. Your next action should be to:

begin chest compressions

You are dispatched to the local jail for a prisoner found unresponsive in her cell. Her airway is clear. Respirations are rapid and shallow. The pulse oximeter (SaO2) reads 90%. Your first action should be to:

begin positive pressure ventilations

Which of the following signs of hypoxia is more common in pediatric patients?

bradycardia

Which of the following is the first priority at a hazardous material incident?

ensure your own safety.

The most common weapon of mass destruction used by terrorists is:

explosive weapons

The foramen magnum:

is an opening at the base of the skull.

You are treating a patient with respiratory distress. He has a history of multiple myocardial infarctions. Lung sounds indicate pulmonary edema. You note the patient does NOT have any JVD or pedal edema. The patient is most likely experiencing:

left heart failure

You are considering administration of oral glucose to your diabetic patient. This drug is contraindicated when it:

poses a significant risk of harm.

Your patient is a construction worker who fell from a residential rooftop. He is responsive to pain. Breaths are shallow and irregular. You should:

provide artificial ventilations with a bag-mask device and high flow oxygen.

Which of the following vessels carries deoxygenated blood?

pulmonary arteries.

The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the:

pulmonary veins

You are caring for an apneic patient with a suspected overdose. You have loaded the patient into the ambulance and entered the patient compartment. You should first:

put on your seat belt

A 19-year-old female is found unconscious in her apartment living room. While surveying the apartment, your partner yells from the patient's bedroom "she has an SVN machine in here". This suggests the patient has a history of:

respiratory problems

You are called for a drowning victim at a family barbecue. Upon arrival, two family members approach you yelling, swearing, and demanding to know what took so long. One of the family members pushes you. You should:

retreat and request immediate assistance from law enforcement.

Your pediatric patient has spontaneous respirations. This means the patient is breathing:

without assistance