Fundamentals Chapter 14 The Lathe

When using a parting tool, the spindle speed of the machine is about _______ the speed used for conventional turning.

1/3

Accumulated metal chips and dirt are cleaned from the lathe with a(n) ________, never with your hands.

Brush

_______ is used to indicate the distance that the cutter moves in one revolution of the work.

Feed

Saddle

Fitted to the ways and slides along them

List the four types of shoulders.

Square, angular, filleted, undercut

The largest piece that can be turned between centers is equal to _____________.

The length of the bed minus the space taken up by the tailstock and headstock

What actions are considered dangerous when operating a lathe?

Wearing loose clothing and jewelry, measuring with work rotating, operating lathe with most guards in place, using compressed air to clean machine

Explain the purpose of ways on the lathe bed.

aligns and guides the movable part of the machine

Some lathes come equipped with a(n) ____________ allowing for slower speeds with greater power.

back gear

Most work is machined while supported by one of four methods.

between centers

Cutting speeds can be increased 300% to 400% by using ______ cutting tools.

carbide

Before work can be mounted between centers, a(n) ______ must be drilled at each end of the stock.

center hole

A tapered piece will result, when the work is turned between centers, if the centers are not aligned. Approximate alignment can be determined by two methods. What are they?

checking centers visually, checking the witness lines on the base of the tailstock

Headstock

contains the spindle to which the various work-holding attachments are fitted

Facing

cutting across the end of a workpiece to create a flat surface

Feed

distance that the cutter moves lengthwise along the lathe bed during a single revolution of the work

Cutting speed

distance the work moves past the cutting tool

Into which of the following categories do various parts of the lathe fall under?

driving the lathe, holding and rotating the work, holding, moving and guiding the cutting tool

Ways

flat or v shaped bearing surface that aligns and guides the movable part of the machine

Swing

indicates the largest diameter that can be turned over the ways

Briefly describe the three methods for checking center alignment if close tolerance work is to be done between centers.

make a light trail cut then check diameter, use a steel test bar and dial indicator, machine a section of scrap

Single-point cutting tool

one cutting edge and one end, usually made of high speed steel

Compound rest

permits angular tool movement

Cross-slide

permits transverse tool movement

Lathe center

pointed work-holding device used to accurately align the workpiece along the axis

Depth of cut

refers to the distance the cutter is fed into the work surface

Spindle

revolves in heavy-duty bearings and is rotated by belts, gears, or a combination of both

Chip breaker

small groove cut into the face of a lathe tool near the cutting edge to break chips into small pieces

Tailstock

supports the outer end of the work

The size of the lathe is determined by the ____________ and the length of the bed.

swing

The lathe operates on the principles of ______________.

the cutter revolving against the work, the cutting tool can be moved vertically across the work, the work rotating against the cutting tool

What does cutting speed indicate?

the distance the work moves past the cutting tool

Parting

the turning operation of cutting off material after it has been machined

Why is a concave rake ground on top of the cutter when used for cutting operations?

to reduce chip width

Plain turning

turning in which the entire length of the piece is machined to a specific diameter

Grooving

turning operation of cutting a groove or recess into a workpiece to terminate a thread or provided adequate clearance for mating parts

Tool post

used to mount the cutting tool

Indexable insert cutting tool

widely used for turning and milling operations, the inserts are manufactured in a number of shapes and sizes for different turning geometries

In most lathe operations, you will be using a single-point cutting tool made of _______.

High speed steel

What are the four most used types of lathe chucks?

Jacobs, 3 jaw, 4 jaw, collet

Roughing cut

deep cuts made to remove a considerable material from a workpiece

Lathe dog

device clamped to one end of the material to drive the workpiece