Geography Chapter 5

Winds are named for the direction toward which they flow. True False

False

Subtropical high pressure systems are associated with storm formation. True False

False

A barometer measures pressure. True False

True

Air drainage is the nighttime sliding of cold air downslope to collect in low areas. True False

True

Air rises in the centers of cyclones. True False

True

Atmospheric pressure is dependent on both density and temperature. True False

True

In the lower atmosphere, molecules collide much more often than in the upper atmosphere. True False

True

Jet streams are the fastest portions of the atmosphere's general circulation. True False

True

More than half the world's population lives in climates dominated by the monsoon. True False

True

Mountain slopes generally heat faster than valley floors. True False

True

The chinook of the Rocky Mountains is the same thing as the foehn wind of the European Alps. True False

True

Trade winds are commonly called the most "reliable" of the world's major wind systems. True False

True

Very dry, "desert" islands are common in the zone of the trade winds. True False

True

Generally, where are the belts of low atmospheric pressure? Hints a) At the equator, 60° N, and 60° S b) At 30° N, 30° S, 60° N, and 60° S c) Only at the poles d) At the poles, 30° N, and 30° S e) At 23 1/2° N, 66 1/2° N, 23 1/2° S, and 66 1/2° S

a) At the equator, 60° N, and 60° S

Which factor is corrected for on most maps of atmospheric pressure? a) altitude b) Coriolis effect c) longitude d) latitude e) wind

a) altitude

As discussed in the video, air always moves from _____ atmospheric pressure regions to _____ atmospheric pressure regions. a) high; low b) high; high c) low; high d) low; low

a) high; low

Surface westerly winds on a global scale exist because of air flow out of the ________ of the general circulation. a) subtropical high pressure b) equatorial low c) sub polar low pressure d) polar easterlies e) intertropical convergence

a) subtropical high pressure

A "dynamic low" is produced by ________. a) the strong rise of air b) very warm surface conditions c) the strong descent of air d) very cold surface conditions e) many kilometers of smooth Earth surface

a) the strong rise of air

The reason winds exist is ________. a) the unequal heating of the Earth system b) friction c) Coriolis effect d) altitude differences e) because air is a mixture of gases

a) the unequal heating of the Earth system

El Niño has been noticed for centuries by fishermen in ________. a) Brazil b) Chile c) Turkey d) France e) Antarctica

b) Chile

Which of the following is NOT closely related to ENSO? a) The Southern Oscillation b) Europe c) South Pacific Ocean conditions d) La Niña e) El Niño

b) Europe

The ________ is/are found in the Equatorial zone. a) trade winds b) intertropical convergence zone c) westerlies d) horse latitudes e) polar easterlies

b) Intertropical convergence zone

________ are map lines connecting points of equal atmospheric pressure. a) Isotherms b) Isobars c) Millibars d) Contours e) Isohyets

b) Isobars

What are the surface conditions associated with an anticyclone? Hints a) The air is stationary, so the pressure cannot be measured. b) The air is sinking and the pressure is high. c) The air is rising and the pressure is low. d) The air is sinking and the pressure is low. e) The air is rising and the pressure is high.

b) The air is sinking and the pressure is high.

A wet monsoon is associated with high rainfall totals and is caused by ________. a) Coriolis effect b) a seasonal reversal of winds c) volcanic gases d) gravitational forces e) the Jet stream

b) a seasonal reversal of winds

In a surface cyclone in the Southern Hemisphere, winds spiral ________. a) counterclockwise and inward b) clockwise and inward c) counterclockwise and outward d) clockwise and outward e) to the west

b) clockwise and inward

This part of the global circulation is characterized by rising air, widespread cloudiness, precipitation, and migratory storms. a) intertropical convergence b) polar front c) trade winds e) polar high d) subtropical high

b) polar front

Wind speed is determined by ________. a) latitude b) pressure gradient force c) parallax d) random motions of gas molecules e) Coriolis effect

b) pressure gradient force

The city of Chicago has a latitude (42°N) within which part of the global circulation? a) subtropical high b) westerlies c) antitrade winds d) trade winds e) polar easterlies

b) westerlies

Which situation describes a land breeze? Hints a) A no-burn alert was issued while a warm dry wind was blowing down the mountain. b) The steady breeze pointed the flags away from the beach and toward the motels along the boardwalk. c) The boy on the shore watched the candle kite as it flew out over the lake until the candles burned out and the kite sank. d) Sitting on the porch of the ski lodge was pleasant because the warm afternoon wind was blowing. e) Smoke from the ski lodge collected in the valley below, diminishing air quality and nighttime visibility.

c) The boy on the shore watched the candle kite as it flew out over the lake until the candles burned out and the kite sank.

As shown in the video, what causes the item to deflate? Hints a) It gets heated up, which causes the air inside to expand. b) It slowly seeps out over many hours. c) The higher pressure inside the item forces the air out into the lower pressure of the room. d) When the passage is blocked, the air has nowhere else to go. e) It explodes.

c) The higher pressure inside the item forces the air out into the lower pressure of the room.

Which of the following conditions would indicate high pressure? a) Converging winds b) Low density air c) Very cold surface temperatures d) The polar front e) A complete cloud cover

c) Very cold surface temperatures

Rising and falling of air over large areas is most properly known as ________ and ________. a) give, take b) updrafts, downdrafts c) ascent, subsidence d) rising, falling e) swell, swal

c) ascent, subsidence

In a surface anticyclone in the Southern Hemisphere, winds spiral ________ a) clockwise and outward b) clockwise and inward c) counterclockwise and outward d) counterclockwise and inward e) to the west

c) counterclockwise and outward

In the Northern Hemisphere, air converging in a counter-clockwise direction, is termed a(n) ________. a) Coriolis effect b) anticyclone c) cyclone d) westerly e) dyne

c) cyclone

The poles are most closely associated with ________. a) strong, migratory storms b) very fast winds c) high pressure d) strong pressure gradients e) warm weather caused by descending air

c) high pressure

Flowing air responding to the difference between higher and lower pressure is responding to the ________. a) Coriolis effect b) anticyclone c) pressure gradient d) intertropical convergence e) Trade winds

c) pressure gradient

Divergence is most closely associated with ________. a) cold air circulations b) jet stream circulations c) surface air in anticyclones d) surface air in cyclones e) the intertropical convergence zone

c) surface air in anticyclones

Coriolis effect exists because ________. a) friction and pressure gradient are balanced b) geostrophic force and gravity are balanced c) the Earth rotates d) gravity exists e) the Earth is an oblate spheroid

c) the Earth rotates

Which of the following refers only to the horizontal motion of air? a) updraft b) the general circulation c) wind d) subsidence e) a balance of atmospheric forces

c) wind

Of the weather elements below, which is the one of which we are usually LEAST aware without the use of weather instruments? a) moisture b) wind c) temperature d) pressure e) We are very aware of all of the above.

d) Pressure

What common household item is used in this video to demonstrate differences in atmospheric pressure? a) a can of soda b) oil and vinegar salad dressing c) a kitchen utensil d) a balloon e) Silly Putty

d) a balloon

The "snow-eater" wind of the Rocky Mountains is called the ________. a) Hadley b) Santa Ana c) Rossby d) chinook e) monsoon

d) chinook

A counterclockwise atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere is known as a(n) ________. a) troposphere b) Coriolis effect c) anticyclone d) cyclone e) pressure gradient

d) cyclone

At Earth's surface, warm temperatures are associated with ________. a) high pressure b) cyclones c) anticyclones d) low pressure e) adiabatic cooling

d) low pressure

The basic unit of pressure mapped on weather maps is ________. a) miles per hour b) knots c) micrometers d) millibars e) pounds per square inch

d) millibars

A ________ is a seasonal reversal of wind. a) sea breeze b) chinook c) mistral d) monsoon e) taku

d) monsoon

Which portion of the United States tends to have the greatest average wind speeds in all seasons? a) the Pacific Coast b) the Great Lakes c) the Rocky Mountains d) the Great Plains e) New England

d) the Great Plains

The so-called "winds of commerce" are the ________ winds. a) Rossby wave b) horse latitude c) westerly d) trade e) monsoon

d) trade

El Niño is most closely associated with ________. a) astrengthening of a subtropical high b) the polar front jet stream c) Africa d) weakening of a cold current e) normal weather around the world

d) weakening of a cold current

El Niño received its name because of its association with ________. a) human health problems b) fog c) the ninth month of the year d) sea birds e) Christmas

e) Christmas

Which describes the formation of the ITCZ? Hints a) The ITCZ forms when strong solar heating makes equatorial air sink. b) The ITCZ forms at the polar front. c) The ITCZ forms at the equatorial high. d) The ITCZ forms where the Westerlies blow out of Hadley cells. e) The ITCZ forms where the trade winds meet.

e) The ITCZ forms where the trade winds meet.

Which of the following is NOT descriptive of the intertropical convergence zone? a) associated with rising air b) light and variable winds c) centered around the Equator d) convergence of the trade winds e) a cloud-free set of places

e) a cloud-free set of places

Sinking air that diverges when it reaches Earth's surface is closely associated with ________. a) the absence of Coriolis effect b) cyclones c) tornadoes d) the absence of friction e) anticyclones

e) anticyclones

Trade winds are found ________. a) between 25° north and south of the Arctic Circle b) centered on the longitudinal zone of the prime meridian c) over all of the world's deserts d) north of the monsoon regions e) at 10° north and south of the Equator

e) at 10° north and south of the Equator

The antitrade winds can be found ________. a) in the polar regions b) in the intertropical convergence zone c) in the tropics blowing from north to south d) near the polar front jet stream e) at great heights over the trade winds

e) at great heights over the trade winds

Cold winds pouring downhill because of gravity are called ________. a) trade winds b) valley breezes c) monsoons d) cyclones e) katabatic winds

e) katabatic winds

Wind speed may be roughly indicated by ________. a) the cardinal direction on a weather map b) reading the hygrometer c) reading a barometer d) checking the thermometer e) spacing of isobars on a weather map

e) spacing of isobars on a weather map

The doldrums are most closely associated with ________. a) the VTR b) polar fronts c) STHs d) Rossby waves e) the ITC

e) the ITC