geology lab final study guide
If a vehicle is traveling 70 mi/hr for 3 hours, what distance has he traveled?
210 miles
A layer of rock or soil that can store and transmit water
Aquifer
A stream that develops multiple channels separated by sand and gravel bars
Braided
What depositional environment would produce a fine- grained sandstone, which has well- sorted and well-rounded grains?
Desert Lake
The high elevation boundary that separates the drainage basin of two streams
Divide
The area of land that is drained by one stream or an entire stream drainage basin
Drainage basin
The point on the earths surface directly above the point of rupture of an earthquake
Epicenter
According to Wentworth's Scale, silt-sized grains are smaller than clay- sized grains.
False
The point on a fault where rock breaks to cause an earthquake
Focus
A metamorphic rock that exhibits separation of minerals into bands of light and dark
Gneiss
Term used to describe if a material is angular, round, or well rounded
Grain shape
At seismic stations farther from the epicenter of an earthquake, the s- minus p time interval is:
Greater
A type of mineral used to indicate a specific level of metamorphism
Index
Seismic waves that travel along earths surface
L- wave
A curvy channel with a low gradient in relitvely flat ground
Meandering
The fastest moving seismic wave
P-wave
The ability of a rock or soil to transmit water
Permeability
The process of cracking, scratching, or other similar breaking of earth material
Physical Weathering
The area inside a stream bend where deposition occurs
Point Bar
Amount of open space in soil or rock
Porosity
The texture when a metamorphic rock has large crystals in a fine grained background
Porphyroblastic
Metamorphism commonly associated with plate tectonics
Regional
The Second set of seismic waves to arrive at a seismic recording station
S- wave
Area of ground where all pore spaces are full of water
Saturated Zone
A texture with scaly glittering layers of platy minerals (mica)
Schistosity
An instrument used to detect and measure earthquakes
Seismogram
A record of seismic wave motions at a particular seismic recording station
Seismograph
Which of the following sedimentary rocks are clastic sedimentary rocks?
Shale, Conglomerate, and sandstone
Feature formed when two rock bodies slide past each other horizontally, with no vertical motion
Strike- Slip Fault
The description of sedimentary rocks parts, their sizes, and arrangement
Texture
Angular Grains that are poorly sorted indicate:
a short transport distance from source rock
The decomposition of dissolution of earth material by water or other agents
chemical weathering
Grain Sizes from smallest to largest
clay, silt, sand, gravel
Biochemical, chemical, or detrital (clastic) describe this property of materials
composition
Metamorphism that occurs in contact with an igneous rock body
contact
The area on the outside of a meander bend where erosion occurs
cut bank
A stream that flows into a sinkhole in an area of dissolved rock
disappearing stream
The area of flat ground on either side of a stream
floodplain
a group of metamorphic rock with layers of cleavage caused by mineral alignment
foliated
the level or amount of metamorphism a rock has undergone
grade
Clay, silt, sand, and/or gravel are names that describe this property of materials
grain size
Sediments which are lithified to form sedimentary rocks, can be derived from:
igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic rocks
The type of topography found in an area of rock dissolved by groundwater
karst
Metamorphosed Limestone
marble
the parent material, or the rock that was metamorphosed
protolith
The process of weathering of rocks
sediments
A collapse feature in which areas where limestone has undergone dissolution
sinkhole
Equation for velocity
v=d/t
Layer of the ground where pore spaces have air in them
zone of aeration