grammar structure usage

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time of action (no VOV)

V 了/过+ number of times + O use 次 as measure word for number of times use guo when emphasis on object, le when not really

time of action (VOV)

VOV 了/过 + number of times use 次 as measure word for number of times use guo when emphasis on object, le when not really

time duration A (VOV)

VOV了 + duration 看电影看了两个钟头

time duration B (的)

V了+duration+的O 看了两个钟头的电影

double verb

make sentence seem milder

还 as a verb

means "still"

越来越+adj

more and more, use 了 as change of status

刚才

not to be confused with just 刚, this is a time phrase

resultatives

signifies completion 做好/完 (done) 买完 (bought) 听懂 (listened and understood) 看清楚 (saw clearly)

double adjective

suggests approving attitude 好好的

不但...而且

two adjectives 不但A而且B, adjectives must be both pos/neg

把 structure

used for direct command/asking a favor or emphasizing the specific PERSON who did an action; 2nd usage more likely on test place ba after noun, move object after ba, place verb after object. if the sentence has prepositional words, such as 到 and 在, it must use 把

比 structure

used to compare two objects, A-比-B-Ad

对 as prep

对...过敏, place object after 对

"come", but also used to order food. will probably be used in a translation question tbh

一MO..都...没 structure

"not even one" its a bit hard to describe in quizlet so look at ur l12 notes lol M is measure, O is object

single 了 usage

1. change of status 2. past tense

过 usage

1. show past experiences 2. pass/celebrate as a verb

没有

A没有B-adj indicates A isn't as "adj" as B. so A没有B好 indicates A isn't as good as B

是...的

add more information of an event that happened- shi is placed BEFORE a question word!!!!!!!

information 的

adds description to object. (adj-的-noun) structure is basically moving the nonessential/description clause behind 的, then the noun and rest of sentence. use this when they state a description

adverb which is "just," place before verb

好是好 structure

agree but offers opposing perspective ex: Adj-是-Adj-但是-Rebuttal, so 漂亮是漂亮,但是太贵了。

会 structure

anticipating an event: time phrase/subj before, obj after. use 不会 as negative

at end of sentence, indicates action is still in progress

又...又...

basically 不但而且

远/近

distance structure, 很远 is far, 很近 is close

多/少

do less of one thing, do more of another 少说,多做

再说

in addition to, introduces an additional reason for an action. It equals to 而且,but cannot replace 而且.

死了

indicates extreme degree

一...就

indicates first action (after 一) triggers second action (after 就)to happen immediately.

到(Place)去

indicates purpose of going somewhere, place purpose action after qu

一点儿

indicates slight qualification, can be used with 比 structure to indicate small degree of difference

起来 structure

place qilai AFTER verb, BEFORE object (split V/O)

得多,多了

placed at end of 比 structure sentence to indicate large degree of difference

那么

placed before adjectives (热,冷)OR verbs (想,喜欢,会)to indicate a high degree.


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