H Nutrition: End of Carbohydrates

Which organizations or recommendations suggest limiting added sugar to no more than 10% of daily total energy intake for those aged 2 and older?

WHO and Dietary Guidelines for Americans

The monosaccharides glucose and galactose are absorbed by a (an)______ process.

active

Which artificial sweetener is known by its trade names "NutraSweet" and "Equal?"

aspartame

The alternative sweetener saccharin is only found in

diet soft drinks

Hyperactivity ___ result from consuming a diet high in refined carbohydrates.

does not

amylase is a

enzyme

A diet excessive in ______ may decrease the absorption of essential minerals such as iron and zinc.

fiber

______ different from starches since the chemical links that join the individual sugar units cannot be digested by human enzymes in the GI tract.

fiber is

Which monosaccharide is commonly found as a component in fruit?

fructose

Most digestible forms of carbohydrates are broken down to

glucose

What is the major monosaccharide in the body?

glucose

The ratio of the blood glucose response to a given food compared to a standard is called _____.

glycemic index

Which value considers the amount of carbohydrates consumed so it better reflects a food's effect on blood glucose?

glycemic load

The simpler forms of carbohydrates are called _____.

monosaccharides

The digestion of carbohydrates by enzymes takes place in which sections of the gastrointestinal tract?

mouth and small intestine

What are the two broad classes of sweeteners?

nutritive and non-nutritive

Glycogen is an ideal storage form of carbohydrate in the body because

of its branched structure that can be broken down quickly

high-glycemic load foods should not be

overeaten in one meal

Foods that are good sources of carbohydrate include peas, dried beans, and dairy. In these foods, the carbohydrate content is diluted with _____.

protein and fat

Salivary amylase acts to break down _____.

starch

what are other names for complex carbs?

starches and polysaccharides

Excessive consumption of this type of sugar may have a laxative effect.

sugar alcohol