Heimler 4.5-4.6
What were the 3 cultural changes occurred as a result of the expansion of sea-based empires?
- Effects of the African Slave Trade - Syncretism - Conflict due to religion
Mercantilism
- Fixed amount of wealth; get pieces of "pie" - 1) states wealth measured in gold & silver - 2) states goal is to have favorable balance of trade - 3) colonies exist to enrich mother country
What were the 6 economic strategies sea-based empires use to increase their power?
- Mercantilism - Joint Stock Companies - Commercial Revolution - Triangular Trade - Trade Monopolies - Continuity of the Traditional Regional Markets
What empires faced resistance to imperial expansion?
- Portugal/Queen Nzinga - Russia/serfs - Mughal Empire/Maratha - Americas/Pueblo Revolt - Britain/Metacom's War
Conflict due to religion
- Sunni Vs. Shi'a - Ottomans Vs. Safavids - Protestant Reformation - Split in Christian Church; separated Roman Catholics from newly formed protestants; differences on salvation
Russia/serfs (peasants who worked the land for little or no pay)
1774 Cossacks (skilled fighters) led Pugachev Rebellion against Catherine the Great
Joint Stock Companies
Financed by investors; share in gains/losses Ex) British & Dutch East India companies
Commercial Revolution
Goods are being traded for gold/silver (globally)
Trade Monopolies
One entity has total domination over a market Ex) Spanish over tobacco
Americas/Pueblo Revolt
Pueblo & Apache fought against Christian conversions
Syncretism
Blending of two beliefs into one Ex's) Voodoo/vodun & Candomble p.237 AMSCO
Britain/Metacom's War
Large scale attempt of natives to rid lands of the British; British win
Triangular Trade
Manufactured goods are traded from Europe to West Africa- Enslaved people from Africa to Americas - Raw materials from Americas to Europe
Mughal Empire/Maratha
Maratha (Hindu warriors) challenged Mughals & won; Hindu vs Muslims
Portugal/Queen Nzinga
Resistance from allies- Ruler of Ndongo- Queen Nzinga fought with Dutch against Portugal
Effects of the African Slave Trade
Rise of polygyny - Men have more than one wife; maize & manioc help bring population back
Continuity of the Traditional Regional Markets
Silk- China Cotton - India Wool & linen - West Europe
What resistance to imperial rule came from enslaved people?
Stono Rebellion - 1739, 20 enslaved people in South Carolina attacked warehouse killing whites; grew to 100 rebels; British win