HESI A2-Biology: Cellular Respiration

What are the initial reactants that start the electron transport chain? - 2 hydrogen ions only - 2 hydrogen ions, 2 electrons, and an oxygen molecule - 2 electrons only - An oxygen molecule only

2 hydrogen ions, 2 electrons, and an oxygen molecule

What are the stages of fermentation?

NAD+ regeneration and glycolysis only

What are the stages of cellular respiration?

1. glycolysis 2. pyruvate oxidation 3. citric acid or Krebs cycle 4.oxidative phosphorylation.

Pyruvate is transported into mitochondria. In the mitochondria, pyruvate is converted to ______

2 acetyl CoA

What is aerobically?

using oxygen

What are the two categories of cellular reproduction?

Sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction

Which of the following products of glucose oxidation are necessary for oxidative phosphorylation? - NADH and FADH2 - Pyruvate - Acetyl CoA - NADPH and AT

NADH and FADH2 the NADH and FADH2 made in other steps deposit their electrons in the electron transport chain, turning them back into their "empty" forms (NAD+ and FAD) which can be reused in other steps of cellular respiration

Which of the following correctly lists the reactants and products of the Krebs cycle? - Reactants: Acetyl CoA, NADH, FADH2;Products: Carbon dioxide, NAD+, FAD - Reactants: Acetyl CoA, NAD+, FAD; Products: Carbon dioxide, NADH, FADH2 - Reactants: Acetyl CoA, NAD+; Products: Carbon dioxide, NADH, FAD, FADH2 - Reactants: Carbon dioxide, NADH, FADH2; Products: Acetyl CoA, NAD+, FAD

Reactants: Acetyl CoA, NAD+, FAD; Products: Carbon dioxide, NADH, FADH2

What are the reactants and products of cellular respiration?

Reactants: Oxygen and glucose Products: Carbon dioxide, water, ATP

Fermentation does not use oxygen; thus, it is "anaerobic." It releases _____ as a by-product.

lactic acid

What is the product of anaerobic ?

lactic acid and 2 ATP

In what part of the cell does the Kerbs cycle take place?

mitochondria

Where is the electron transport chain located?

mitochondria

The Krebs cycle occurs in cellular respiration only, and it is not a part of ________

photosynthesis.

What is anaerobically?

without oxygen

How many ATP are produced in the electron transport chain?

32

What number of ATPs are generated during the process of aerobic respiration?

36

Which of the following is not a product in the net reaction for glycolysis? - Pyruvate - NADH - Water - ADP

ADP ADP is consumed in a greater quantity than it is produced, eliminating it from the net.

The molecule that is used as the energy currency of the cell is which of the following?

ATP

What is the molecule that is used as the energy currency of the cell ?

ATP

Where does photosynthesis occur?

Chloroplast

What does the Kerbs cycle produce?

Co2, NADH, FADH2, AND ATP

In what part of the cell does glycolysis take place?

Cytoplasm (cytosol)

Some organisms are able to convert energy without the presence of oxygen continually. They undergo glycolysis to generate energy. What type of process is this?

Fermentation

Glycolysis is the first stage in the process of cellular respiration. What is the main transformation that occurs during glycolysis? - Glycolysis produces pyruvate and ATP through oxidizing glucose and NADH - Glycolysis produces ATP, pyruvate, and NADH by oxidizing glucose - Glycolysis produces ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation - Glycolysis produces CO2, NAD, and pyruvate by oxidizing glucose

Glycolysis produces ATP, pyruvate, and NADH by oxidizing glucose

Which of the following describes cellular respiration? It is a reductive anabolic activity It is an oxidative anabolic activity It is a reductive catabolic activity It is an oxidative catabolic activity

It is an oxidative catabolic activity

Not all living organisms undergo what cycle?

Krebs cycle

Which of the following processes results in the GREATEST production of ATP?

Oxidative phosphorylation

What is cellular respiration?

a metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose and produces ATP

Is the Krebs cycle aerobic or anaerobic?

aerobic

Is the electron transport chain aerobic or anaerobic?

aerobic

Is glycolysis aerobic or anaerobic?

anaerobic

What are the two catabolic pathways that lead to energy production in a cell?

cellular respiration and fermentation The two catabolic pathways that lead to cellular energy production are cellular respiration and fermentation. Cellular respiration is aerobic (needs oxygen) and produces 32-36 molecules of ATP for every molecule of glucose consumed. Fermentation occurs in an anaerobic (oxygen-depleted) environment. Because fermentation doesn't use oxygen, the glucose molecule doesn't break down completely and so it releases less energy. The fermentation process in cells releases about two ATP for every molecule of glucose consumed.

Where does anaerobic respiration occur?

cytoplasm

Where does aerobic respiration occur?

cytoplasm and mitochondria

What is NADH

electron carrier

In which of the following stages of cellular respiration are electrons passed from one member of the transport chain to another in a series of redox reactions to make ATP?

electron transport chain