Homeostasis & Endocrine - Week 5

A person whose diet is severely deficient in iodine is likely to have the following signs/symptoms. W. weight loss. X. dehydration. Y. iodine deficiency anemia. Z. goitre

D. Only Z is correct. z. goitre - Goitre: enlarged thyroid gland, iodine defficiency.

The anterior pituitary hormone that triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland is: A. TSH B. ACTH C. FSH D. LH E. TRH

A. TSH - Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) (*write name/function of the other hormones listed)

Steroid hormones: A. are proteins. B. cannot diffuse through cell membranes. C. bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells. D. remain in circulation for relatively short periods of time. E. are transported in the blood dissolved in the plasma.

C. bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells. - Steroid Hormones, bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells.

The central principle of physiology is: A. nutrition. B. reflexes. C. homeostasis. D. stimulation. E. temperature regulation.

C. homeostasis. - Homeostasis is the central principle of physiology; maintaining a relatively stable internal state.

A lower than normal secretion of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and tri‐iodothyronine (T3) would cause decreases in: W. basal metabolic rate. X. thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH). Y. basal rate of heat production. Z. thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

B. W and Y are correct. w. basal metabolic rate. (BMR) y. basal rate of heat production.

When body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease the body temperature. This is an example of: W. negative feedback. X. positive feedback. Y. homeostatic regulation. Z. diagnostic regulation.

B. W and Y are correct. w. negative feedback. y. homeostatic regulation.

Hormone release may be controlled by which of the following factors? A. The blood level of an ion such as sodium. B. Blood glucose level. C. Blood level of a hormone. D. Nervous stimuli. E. All of the answers are correct.

E. All of the answers are correct. Hormone release may be controlled by which of the following factors? - the blood level of an ion such as sodium. - blood glucose level. - blood level of a hormone. - nervous stimuli.

The anterior pituitary gland: A. is derived from glandular tissue. B. is connected to the hypothalamus by a portal (vascular) system. C. secretes hormones that control the functions of other glands such as the thyroid gland. D. is controlled by releasing and inhibiting hormones secreted from the hypothalamus. E. all of the above are correct.

E. all of the above are correct. The Anterior Pituitary gland: - is derived from glandular tissue. - is connected to the hypothalamus by a portal (vascular) system. - secretes hormones that control the functions of other glands (e.g. thyroid gland). -is controlled by releasing and inhibiting hormones secreted from the hypothalamus.

A hormone is able to control the function only of its target tissues (or target tissue). This is because: A. a hormone is secreted only by its target tissue. B. the gland that secretes the hormone is always very close to the target tissue of the hormone. C. the circulation delivers each hormone only to its target tissues. D. a hormone will be quickly destroyed by any tissues which are not its target tissue. E. each hormone must interact with its specific receptors which are only found on its target tissues.

E. each hormone must interact with its specific receptors which are only found on its target tissues. -

If a response increases a disturbance, the control system is classified as a________ feedback system. A. deficit B. negative C. neutral D. polarized E. positive

E. positive. - positive feedback system: response increases the disturbance