HSCI Ch 9 study Q
A person with the "thrifty gene" has a. a decreased chance of obesity. b. a slower metabolism. c. a rapid basal metabolic rate. d. an easier time maintaining weight.
b. a slower metabolism
What percentage of male college students report that in the past 30 days they have been dieting to lose weight? a. 10 percent b. 20 percent c. 30 percent d. 45 percent
c. 30%
For optimal health, a person who is 68 inches tall should have a waist circumference no larger than a. 26 inches. b. 30 inches. c. 34 inches. d. 38 inches.
c. 34 inches
What percentage of American women report regularly worrying about their appearance? a. 22 percent b. 45 percent c. 67 percent d. 88 percent
c. 67 percent
Judith is taking an over-the-counter weight loss pill that works by decreasing the amount of fat her body can absorb. She is most likely taking a. Ephedra. b. Qsymia. c. Alli. d. Hoodia gordonii.
c. Alli
true or false A particularly dangerous complication of weight-loss surgery is type 2 diabetes.
false
true or false About 33 percent of people who lose weight ultimately regain it.
false
true or false Individuals with binge-eating disorder usually maintain a normal weight.
false
true or false People with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa run the risk of dying from sudden cardiac arrest.
true
true or false Psychological, social, and economic factors can create obstacles to successful weight control.
true
true or false Teasing, social rejection, and bullying of overweight children can actually contribute to their overeating.
true
true or false The concept of "ideal" body image changes as popular culture evolves.
true
true or false essential fat is necessary for maintenance of life
true
The most accurate and complete way to determine ideal body weight is to a. measure body composition. b. record how much you eat per day in a journal. c. compare bone mass to muscle mass. d. compare height to weight.
a. measure body composition
Carla had her body fat measured using a method that sent a low level of electrical current through her body, which is known as a. BIA (bioelectrical impedance analysis.. b. DXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.. c. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging.. d. EKG (electrocardiogram..
a. BIA
Which of the following statements about obesity is TRUE? a. Each year, obesity is responsible for nearly 5 percent of all deaths worldwide. b. On average, people who are obese earn only 60 percent as much as normal-weight workers. c. On average, people who are obese take 14 more sick days per year than normal-weight workers. d. Annually, people who are obese incur health care costs about 12 percent higher than costs for people of normal weight.
a. Each year, obesity is responsible for nearly 5 percent of all deaths worldwide.
Which of the following statements about body image is TRUE? a. Genetic research suggests that some people are more biologically susceptible to developing a body image disorder than others. b. A majority of people with body image concerns could benefit from taking prescription anti-anxiety medications. c. Being LGBT is the most common reason children are bullied in school. d. A father's occasional remark that his daughter is getting a bit "tubby" is unlikely to have much of an effect on her body image.
a. Genetic research suggests that some people are more biologically susceptible to developing a body image disorder than others.
Which of the following is a sensible strategy for talking with a friend with eating issues? a. Communicate to your friend that you care, but be firm. b. Outline a plan you've made for how your friend can get help. c. Do your research and offer advice based on the latest treatments. d. Tell your friend that if he or she doesn't seek professional help, you'll never speak to him or her again.
a. communicate to your friend that you care, but be firm
People who believe that their body shape and size prevents them from dating or having a meaningful relationship are in which phase of the body image continuum? a. Distorted body image b. Body hate/dissociation c. Body preoccupied/obsessed d. Body acceptance
a. distorted body image
Which environmental factor encourages us to increase our food consumption? a. Easy access to high-calorie foods in stores and restaurants b. Increasing number of regulations that apply to food labeling c. Social encouragement to work out and be active d. Increasing use of texting for cell phone communication
a. east access to high calorie foods in stores and restaurans
The type of fat that is necessary for maintaining basic life and reproductive functions is a. essential fat. b. intrinsic fat. c. storage fat. d. subcutaneous fat.
a. essential fat
Which of the following statements about global obesity is TRUE? a. Globally, overweight and obesity are responsible for more deaths than underweight. b. Japan has a higher rate of obesity than China. c. In India, obesity is now more prevalent than underweight. d. Obesity rates worldwide have increased by almost 50 percent since 1980.
a. globally, overweight and obesity are responsible for more deaths than underweight
A common myth that contributes to negative body image is a. how you look is more important than who you are. b. achieving optimal health is more important than appearance. c. eating a healthy diet and staying active is an effective weight loss strategy. d. you don't have to be extremely thin to look good in clothes.
a. how you look is more important than who you are.
A limitation of the BMI measurement is that it a. is an indirect estimate of body fat. b. requires the use of special laboratory equipment. c. takes too long to calculate. d. cannot be used for children.
a. is an indirect estimate of body fat
When the body is starved of glucose, it will metabolize body fat to produce an alternate fuel for brain cells called a. ketones. b. glycogen. c. leptin. d. amines.
a. ketones
Which of the following improves the success rate of weight loss maintenance? a. Yo-yo dieting b. Calorie-restricted maintenance diet c. Fat-burning supplements d. Regular exercise
d. regular exercise
Rachel has gone on and off starvation diets for years. This behavior hinders long-term weight loss because it a. reduces nutrient metabolism. b. fosters inappropriate exercise habits. c. increases the amount of essential fat. d. slows down the basal metabolic rate.
d. slows down the basal metabolic rate
Steve is thin and seems to be able to eat as much as he wants while not gaining weight. Which of the following is a possible explanation for his ability to stay thin? a. Steve has inherited thrifty genes. b. Steve has inherited a low sensitivity to satiety. c. Steve is 73 years old. d. Steve has a high resting metabolic rate.
d. steve has high resting metabolic rate
A woman whose body weight is more than 10 percent below healthy recommended levels is a. anorexic. b. bulemic. c. low BMI. d. underweight.
d. underweight
Theoretically, a pound of muscle tissue burns up to many more calories per day than a pound of fat? a. Up to 20 more calories b. Up to 30 more calories c. Up to 40 more calories d. Up to 50 more calories
d. up to 50 more calories
Some body image disorders have been linked to differences in the brain's ability to regulate a. neurotransmitters. b. neurotoxins. c. glucose and insulin. d. anxiety responses.
a. neurotransmitters.
The APA recognizes eating disorders that are not classified as anorexia, bulimia, or binge-eating disorder as a. other specified feeding or eating disorders. b. unspecified eating disorders. c. atypical feeding disorders. d. psychosocial dieting disorders.
a. other specified feeding or eating disorders.
The physical flaw that individuals with a negative body image most commonly focus on is a. overweight. b. height. c. muscle definition. d. facial blemishes.
a. overweight
How does leptin act in the body? a. It signals the brain that the stomach is full. b. It regulates the production of insulin. c. It signals the brain that the body needs food. d. It increases the rate of metabolism.
a. signals the brain that the stomach is full
Alicia is 19 years old, is a distance runner, and has a BMI of 17.5. This classifies her as a. underweight. b. overweight. c. normal weight. d. obese.
a. underweight
true or false A common reason that some athletes are underweight is that they expend more calories than they take in.
true
true or false Being overweight increases a person's risk of arthritis.
true
true or false Exercise that involves using the large muscle groups will increase metabolic rate.
true
About what percentage of adults in the United States are classified as obese? a. 23 percent b. 28 percent c. 33 percent d. 34-36 percent
d. 34 36%
Abdul is looking for a reputable weight-loss program. Which of the following would be the best choice? a. A program that offers prepackaged meals b. A program that promises quick results c. A program based on a very-low-calorie diet and a strict eating schedule d. A program that allows for individual choices in real-world situations
d. A program that allows for individual choices in real-world situations
Which syndrome involves the interrelated health problems of low energy intake, menstrual dysfunction, and poor bone density? a. Muscle dysmorphia b. Bulimia nervosa c. Anorexia nervosa d. Female athlete triad
d. Female athlete triad
Howie refuses to eat anything that has not been organically grown. He is most significantly at risk for which of the following disorders? a. Body dysmorphic disorder b. Anorexia nervosa c. Organic eating syndrome d. Orthorexia nervosa
d. Orthorexia nervosa
Which of the following best describes research findings on the genetics of obesity? a. Statistics show a 50 percent chance of being obese if both parents are obese. b. Statistics show that only those with the "thrifty gene" will be able to resist obesity. c. Twin studies show no evidence that there is a major genetic influence in weight. d. Twin studies support genetic influence, but the environment plays a substantial role.
d. Twin studies support genetic influence, but the environment plays a substantial role.
Oliver consumed 7,000 more calories than he expended this month. How much weight did he probably gain? a. About half a pound b. About 1 pound c. About 1.5 pounds d. About 2 pounds
d. about 2 pounds
Rita complains frequently to her friend Sue that she hates her "big legs." When Sue says there's nothing wrong with Rita's legs, Rita doesn't believe her. Rita demonstrates a. body realism. b. body acceptance. c. body preoccupation. d. body hate.
d. body hate
A measurement based on the relationship between a person's height and weight that is highly correlated to the amount of body fat is the a. body composition index. b. basal metabolic index. c. body fat index. d. body mass index.
d. body mass index (BMI)
The binge-and-purge cycle is characteristic of a. binge-eating disorder. b. fad dieting. c. anorexia nervosa. d. bulimia nervosa
d. bulimia nervosa.
A pattern of abnormal food-related behaviors used to achieve or maintain a lower body weight is known as a. a strict diet. b. binge eating. c. picky eating. d. disordered eating.
d. disordered eating.
When fat cells enlarge as weight is gained, what process is occurring? a. Hypermagnification b. Hyperplasia c. Hyperedema d. Hypertrophy
d. hypertrophy
Pro-anorexia websites a. are visited by about 3 percent of all U.S. females. b. are safe spaces where males and females with disordered eating can find medical information, referrals to eating disorder specialists, and support from those who have recovered. c. encourage visitors to maintain a BMI of at least 18.5. d. offer tips and tricks to disguise disordered eating.
d. offer tips and tricks to disguise disordered eating.
The body image continuum identifies a. ways to improve your body image. b. ways the media contributes to a negative body image. c. four key characteristics associated with a positive body image. d. a range of attitudes and behaviors related to body image.
d. range of attitudes and behaviors related to body image
true or false The Health at Every Size philosophy emphasizes that, no matter what our current weight, we must prioritize healthy eating and exercise until we achieve a normal-range BMI.
false
true or false The hormone ghrelin signals the brain when you are full.
false
true or false The terms overweight and obese are synonymous and may be used interchangeably.
false
true or false The two major categories of weight-loss surgeries are bypass and malabsorption.
false
true or false The typical American body is similar to the "ideal" body depicted by the media.
false
true or false Without treatment, nearly 5 percent of people with a serious eating disorder will die as a result.
false
true or false A person's basal metabolic rate (BMR) and resting metabolic rate (RMR) remain relatively stable throughout adult life.
false
true or false A waist circumference greater than 35 inches in men and 30 inches in women may indicate increased health risks.
false
true or false Class 2 obesity is also referred to as morbid obesity.
false
true or false Most individuals who are overweight are lazy and weak-willed and could lose weight if they made an effort.
false
true or false Obesity is a problem in Western cultures but not in Eastern nations
false
true or false a slender majority of adults meet national guidelines for physical activity
false
true or false basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the rate of energy expenditure during recovery from physical activity
false
true or false Essential fat contributes to normal physiological functioning, while storage fat is the type overweight people need to shed.
true
true or false Exercise metabolic rate refers to the energy expenditure that occurs during physical activity.
true
true or false Exercising even when injured is common in people who suffer from an exercise compulsion.
true
true or false Family, community, and cultural groups strongly influence the way we see ourselves.
true
true or false Increasing your muscle mass contributes to weight gain.
true
true or false Life-threatening weight loss is one characteristic of anorexia nervosa.
true
true or false Men with muscle dysmorphia are at increased risk for abusing anabolic steroids.
true
true or false Muscle dysmorphia combines a body image and exercise disorder.
true
true or false Night-eating syndrome is one of the conditions grouped under the designation of other specified feeding or eating disorders
true
true or false Numerous studies have shown that, to lose weight and keep it off, both diet and exercise are key.
true
true or false Obesogenic is the term used to describe conditions that lead people to become excessively fat.
true
true or false Over 10 percent of U.S. women are morbidly obese.
true
true or false People who suffer from body dysmorphic disorder often have some type of anxiety disorder as well.
true
true or false The ratio of lean body mass to fat body mass is body composition.
true
true or false Treatment for eating disorders focuses first on reducing the threat to life.
true
true or false Abdominal fat is more threatening to health than fat deposited in other parts of the body.
true
true or false The mathematical formula to determine body mass index is BMI = weight (kg. / height squared)/ m2
true
true or false The resting metabolic rate (RMR) is higher than the basal metabolic rate (BMR) ?
true
true or false Muscle tissue does not burn energy as efficiently as fat tissue.
false
true or false Nutritional life coaches are trained, certified, and licensed weight-loss experts.
false
true or false Obesity is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States.
false
The number of calories expended during exercise depends on what three factors?
Answer: 1. The number and proportion of muscles used 2. The amount of weight moved 3. The length of time the activity takes
List at least five examples of triggers that can lead to overeating.
Answer: (any five or more of the following.: 1. A stressful situation 2. Feeling angry or upset 3. A certain time of day 4. Pressure from friends or family 5. An environment where food is readily available 6. Feeling bored or tired 7. The sight or smell of food 8. Eating mindlessly while distracted by something else 9. Time alone in the car 10. Drinking alcohol 11. Feeling sad or deprived 12. Eating out of habit when not hungry 13. Watching television while eating
List at least five examples of actions you can take to help improve your body image.
Answer: (any five or more of the following.: 1. Appreciate all that your body can do. 2. Keep a list of things you like about yourself that aren't related to how much you weigh or how you look. 3. Remind yourself that true beauty is not simply skin deep. 4. See yourself as a whole person. 5. Surround yourself with positive people. 6. Shut down the voices in your head that tell you your body is not "right" or that you are a "bad" person. 7. Wear comfortable clothes that make you feel good about your body. 8. Become a critical viewer of social and media messages. 9. Do something nice for yourself. 10. Use the time and energy that you might have spent worrying about food, calories, and your weight to do something to help others.
List at least four factors that affect body weight and a person's tendency to become overweight or obese.
1. Genetic factors/heredity 2. Physiological factors such as metabolism and hormonal influences 3. Number and size of fat cells 4. Environmental factors such as easy access to high-calorie foods 5. Family influences and eating habits 6. Psychological factors 7. Economic factors 8. Lifestyle factors such as activity level and exercise
What are some of the health problems associated with very-low-calorie diets? List at least five.
Answer: (any five or more of the following.: 1. Blood sugar imbalance 2. Cold intolerance 3. Constipation 4. Decreased basal metabolic rate 5. Dehydration 6. Diarrhea 7. Emotional problems 8. Fatigue 9. Headaches 10. Heart irregularities 11. Kidney infection or failure 12. Loss of lean body tissue 13. Weakness 14. Potential for coma and death
What actions can you take to prevent overeating when you dine out? List at least four.
Answer: (any four or more of the following.: 1. Avoid buffets and all-you-can-eat establishments. 2. Order an appetizer as your entrée or main meal. 3. Split your entrée with a friend or eat only half and take the other half home for another meal. 4. Order the smallest size of an item available. 5. Take your time eating so your brain will register that you are full before you overeat. 6. Focus on quality, enjoy the food, and get used to eating smaller portions. 7. Order sauces and gravies on the side and dip food into it instead of pouring it over food.
List at least four behaviors or characteristics associated with disordered eating.
Answer: (any four or more of the following.: 1. Chronic dieting and rigid eating patterns 2. Abuse of diet pills and/or laxatives 3. Self-induced vomiting 4. Body hatred 5. Obsessive calorie counting 6. Fear of and obsession with weight gain 7. Exclusion of certain foods 8. Lies to others about the amount of food eaten 9. Intense guilty or shame when off of self-imposed diet 10. Constant worry about timing and content of food intake 11. Fasting for long periods 12. Cycles of binging and purging 13. Avoiding eating with others
true or false On average, morbidly obese adults have about twice as many fat cells as adults of normal weight.
false
When individuals begin a weight-loss program, what strategies can contribute to their success? List at least four.
Answer: (any four or more of the following.: 1. Make a plan and set realistic goals. 2. Be adventurous and try new foods and snacks. 3. Eat small portions, savoring the favor. 4. Notice whether you are hungry before beginning to eat. 5. Eat slowly, noting when you start to feel full, and stop eating before you are full. 6. Eat breakfast every day. 7. Keep healthy snacks on hand. 8. Engage in regular exercise. 9. Vary your exercise routine, and find an exercise partner to help you stay motivated.
true or false Studies indicate that 80 percent of American women are satisfied with their appearance
false
Susan finds that her hunger spikes in the afternoon and she looks for a snack to fill her up until dinner. What are three tips for sensible snacking?
Answer: (any three of the following.: 1. Keep healthy munchies on hand. 2. Keep "crunchies" on hand (foods such as fresh fruit, raw vegetables, or popcorn.. 3. Choose natural beverages such as water, teas, or broths (avoid juices and other high-calorie, high-sugar drinks.. 4. Eat a moderate quantity of nuts instead of candy. 5. If you must have chocolate, eat a small piece of dark chocolate. 6. Avoid high-calorie energy bars.
Bob calculated his body mass index (BMI) to be 27. This classifies him as a. underweight. b. ideal weight. c. overweight. d. obese.
C. overweight
List at least three behaviors or actions that indicate a person is concerned in a healthy way about eating.
Answer: (any three or more of the following.: 1. Paying attention to food choices as part of maintaining a healthy body. 2. Viewing a healthful diet and exercise as important but not all-encompassing. 3. Balancing the enjoyment of food with the intention of maintaining a healthy body. 4. Eating three meals a day, plus snacks, as needed. 5. Setting moderate and flexible goals for healthy eating and weight loss. 6. Sometimes eating more or less than what one's body needs but typically listening to one's body.
Explain the criteria for compulsive exercise and how it affects behavior and health.
Answer: Compulsive exercise is characterized by a compulsion to exercise (more than just a desire.. If "enough" exercise isn't completed, the person feels anxiety and guilt. People who compulsively exercise often define their self-worth by external measures, and they exercise to try to feel more in control of their lives. Excessive exercise can result in bone and joint injury and stress to the cardiovascular system. Compulsive exercisers often also suffer from anxiety and/or depression. They may neglect their academic studies or social activities in favor of working out.
Explain how the media influences a person's sense of body image.
Answer: The media sets standards for what we find attractive. It can mislead people into thinking that the images portrayed are real and achievable, when actually they are unrealistic. Those whose body does not fit these images may feel inadequate, frustrated, or ashamed.
What observations and measurements can you use to determine if you are overweight or overly fat?
Answer: You can observe how you look in the mirror and how your clothes fit to determine if you are heavier than in the past. A more specific determinant is weighing yourself on a scale. You can evaluate your weight and body composition in light of any potential health risks through calculating your body mass index (BMI., measuring your waist circumference, calculating your waist-to-hip ratio, and/or having your body composition measured by a trained health care or fitness professional.
Which hormone plays a significant role in appetite stimulation? a. Leptin b. Insulin c. Ghrelin d. Thyroxine
c. ghrelin
true or false Amenorrhea is a sign that a female athlete is at increased risk for a bone fracture.
true
How have overweight and obesity been shown to negatively affect a person's mental health?
Overweight and obese people are more at risk for depression, anxiety disorders, Alzheimer's disease, and disordered eating.
true or false Binge eating once a week over a three-month time period meets the criteria of a binge-eating disorder diagnosis.
true
The female athlete triad occurs when a woman burns stores of fat for energy to the point that levels of which critical hormone decline? a. Cortisol b. Estrogen c. Progesterone d. Testosterone
b. Estrogen
Research has found that there are health risks associated with how fat is distributed in the body. In which area of the body is fat the biggest risk to health? a. Hips b. Abdomen c. Thighs d. Buttocks
b. abdomen
Which of the following statements is TRUE with respect to the relationship between body image and culture? a. Media images have little influence over what we find attractive. b. Ads and commercials often convey messages related to attractiveness. c. The ideal body image for women has always been to look thinner. d. Today's ideal body image is very similar to the typical American body.
b. ads and commercials often convey messages related to attractiveness
Metabolic rates slow 1 to 2 percent a year beginning at which life stage? a. Age 10 b. Age 30 c. Age 50 d. Age 70
b. age 30
A term that is interchangeable with the term compulsive exercise is a. anorexia nervosa. b. anorexia athletica. c. female triad. d. muscle dysmorphia.
b. anorexia athletica.
Individuals with a fear of gaining weight that is so intense it leads to self-starvation suffer from a. amenorrhea. b. anorexia nervosa. c. bulimia nervosa. d. body dysmorphic disorder.
b. anorexia nervosa
The majority of adults a. think their bodies are perfect. b. are dissatisfied with their bodies. c. exercise excessively. d. want to be more muscular.
b. are dissatisfied with their bodies
The amount of energy the body uses at complete rest in a neutral environment is known as the a. resting metabolic rate. b. basal metabolic rate. c. exercise metabolic rate. d. thermogenic rate.
b. basal metabolic rate
When he gets on the scale, Peter acknowledges that he needs to lose a few pounds. Still, he is satisfied overall when he looks in the mirror and is grateful for his intelligence, artistic talents, and many close relationships. Peter is in which phase of the body image continuum? a. Body is not an issue b. Body acceptance c. Body preoccupied/obsessed d. Distorted body image
b. body acceptance
Purging after meals is an example of a. binge eating. b. disordered eating. c. compulsive exercising. d. strict management of calorie intake.
b. disordered eating
Most weight loss supplements contain caffeine and/or a. laxatives. b. diuretics. c. analgesics. d. minerals.
b. diuretics
Automobiles, Internet use, and sedentary jobs are which type of factors that contribute to weight gain? a. Genetic b. Environmental c. Situational d. Triggering
b. environmental
After drastic weight loss, an anorexic individual will most likely a. feel satisfied with their body image. b. feel that they are too fat. c. feel that they can allow themselves to regain some of the weight. d. feel in control of their weight.
b. feel that they are too fat.
Which of the following surgical procedures decreases the absorption of food into the body? a. Gastric banding b. Gastric bypass c. Liposuction d. Lap banding
b. gastric bypass
Which of the following has been associated with an increased risk for an eating disorder? a. Family history of diabetes b. History of being teased or abused c. History of poor academic performance d. Low socioeconomic status
b. history of being teased or abused
Body dysmorphic disorder is diagnosed a. in a high percentage of Americans over age 50. b. in a small percentage of the American population. c. at a much higher rate among women than among men. d. when an individual is dissatisfied with his or her body composition, facial features, or another perceived defect.
b. in a small percentage of the American population.
The surgical procedure that removes fat cells from specific parts of the body is known as a. malabsorption surgery. b. liposuction. c. gastroplasty. d. restrictive surgery.
b. liposuction
A female's basal metabolic rate (BMR) is highest during a. menopause. b. puberty. c. childhood. d. old age.
b. puberty
The feeling of fullness at the end of a meal is called a. satisfaction. b. satiety. c. fulfillment. d. discomfort.
b. satiety
There are two categories of stored body fat: essential and a. adipose. b. storage. c. nonessential. d. intrinsic.
b. storage
In a weight-loss procedure called bariatric arterial embolization, a. the stomach's size is reduced. b. the stomach's production of ghrelin is reduced. c. the valve between the stomach and the small intestine is blocked. d. the blood vessels serving the stomach are cauterized (surgically burned..
b. the stomach's production of ghrelin is reduced
A compensatory behavior is a behavior that a. is rooted in obsession. b. tries to balance out a previous behavior. c. is caused by an underlying anxiety disorder. d. has no potentially negative consequences.
b. tries to balance out a previous behavior.
The concept of adaptive thermogenesis attempts to explain a. how genetics influences childhood obesity. b. why people who lose weight struggle to keep it off. c. how the body of a person who is obese becomes highly efficient at conserving calories and storing fat. d. why the basal metabolic rate slows down as we age.
b. why people who lose weight struggle to keep it off
true or false Children whose parents are obese also tend to be overweight.
true
Which of the following diet plans has been proven to reduce hypertension and improve blood cholesterol levels? a. Medifast b. Paleo c. DASH d. Nutrisystem
c. DASH
Which of the following best defines body image? a. Specific physical flaws that you focus on b. Your impression of what others think about your appearance c. Your overall feelings, perceptions, and assumptions about your body d. The physical attributes you inherit from your parents
c. Your overall feelings, perceptions, and assumptions about your body
Marla believes that her life will become much happier as soon as she achieves her goal of losing 40 pounds. Marla is a. exhibiting body dysmorphic disorder. b. probably suffering from clinical depression. c. accepting a body image myth. d. likely to discover she is right as soon as she achieves her goal.
c. accepting a body image myth.
An individual who regularly consumes excessively large amounts of food but does not purge or use other measures to lose the weight they have gained is suffering from a. bulimia nervosa. b. anorexia nervosa. c. binge-eating disorder. d. night-eating syndrome.
c. binge-eating disorder.
Karen is extremely dissatisfied with her body shape. She diets constantly and has undergone three cosmetic surgeries to alter her facial structure. Karen is most likely suffering from a. social physique anxiety. b. anorexia nervosa. c. body dysmorphic disorder. d. bulimia nervosa.
c. body dysphoric disorder
People who spend a significant amount of time viewing their body in a mirror and comparing their body to others are in which phase of the body image continuum? a. Distorted body image b. Body hate/dissociation c. Body preoccupied/obsessed d. Body acceptance
c. body preoccupied/ obsessed
Paolo's physician has told him that he has gained so much weight since his exam last year he now weighs about double what he should. Paolo's weight would be classified as a. class 1 obesity. b. class 2 obesity. c. class 3 obesity. d. super obesity.
c. class 3 obesity
Linda always eats when she watches television. For Linda, watching television is an example of a(n. a. weight factor. b. cognitive cue. c. eating trigger. d. behavioral response.
c. eating trigger
A calorie is a unit of a. metabolism. b. fat. c. energy. d. glucose.
c. energy
A healthy body image can a. cause you to obsess about your appearance. b. prompt you to seek unnecessary cosmetic surgery. c. enhance your interactions with others. d. give you an inflated sense of self-esteem.
c. enhance your interactions with others
Jade's exercise metabolic rate will increase if she a. replaces aerobic exercise with a routine promoting strength and flexibility. b. performs a variety of daily activities instead of structured exercise routines. c. increases her overall activity level from light to moderate. d. drinks a sports beverage while she works out.
c. increases her overall activity level from light to moderate
Darren works out excessively and has a well-developed, muscular body but low self-esteem. He may be suffering from a. rejection by his family of origin. b. social physique anxiety. c. muscle dysmorphia. d. athletic injuries.
c. muscle dysmorphia.
Troy's weight has always been around 180 pounds. When he gains a few pounds, he usually drops the extra weight relatively quickly but rarely drops below 180. Troy's ability to maintain a "standard" weight exemplifies which theory? a. Adaptation b. Basal metabolism c. Set point d. Environmental affect
c. set point
What role does leptin play in weight management? a. It stimulates the appetite. b. It lowers BMR. c. It signals satiety. d. It lowers blood sugar.
c. signals satiety
An increase in waist circumference increases the risk for diabetes and a. kidney failure. b. cancer. c. stroke. d. irritable bowel syndrome.
c. stroke
The system of measuring body composition by using a caliper to measure an underlying layer of fat is known as a. bioelectrical impedance analysis. b. dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. c. the skinfold method. d. hydrostatic weighing.
c. the skinfold method
Which theory holds that some people have inherited genes that encourage fat storage? a. Hormone adjustment theory b. Set point theory c. Thrifty gene theory d. Adaptive thermogenesis theory
c. thrifty gene theory
For some obese adults, gastric bypass surgery has been shown to be effective in treating a. disordered eating. b. heart disease. c. type 2 diabetes. d. colon cancer.
c. type 2 diabetes
Medically supervised diets with a daily caloric value of 400 to 700 calories are termed a. severe-low-calorie diets. b. extreme-low-calorie diets. c. very-low-calorie diets. d. low-calorie diets.
c. very low calorie diets
true or false Since most people have difficulty controlling their eating patterns, they should rely on diets offering prepackaged meals to achieve and maintain weight loss.
false
true or false Anyone can be slender and attractive if they work at it.
false
true or false Because of their purging behaviors, individuals suffering from bulimia nervosa tend to be underweight.
false
true or false Body image is based solely on what a person sees when looking in a mirror.
false
true or false Compulsive exercisers engage in excessive exercise but can deal with days when they have to skip or shorten their workout.
false
true or false Even with professional treatment, between 50 and 70 percent of people with bulimia nervosa do not recover.
false
true or false Genetic inheritance is thought to contribute less than 20 percent of the variance in individuals' body weight.
false
true or false Individuals with anorexia nervosa usually recognize when they have become too thin.
false
true or false Most over-the-counter and prescription drugs for weight loss have no significant side effects.
false
true or false Although you may be very concerned about a friend's disordered eating behaviors, you should never share your concerns with a third person unless your friend's life is in danger.
false
true or false An eating disorder is usually related to achieving an athletic performance goal.
false
true or false An obese person burns fewer calories than a thin person walking the same distance.
false
true or false According to review studies, essentially all people who use weight-loss supplements regain the weight once they stop taking them.
true
true or false According to the adaptive thermogenesis theory, people who lose significant amounts of weight experience physiological changes that oppose further weight loss and promote weight gain.
true
true or false A cycle in which people restrict calories and lose weight, regain some or all of the weight, and then go on a diet again is known as yo-yo dieting.
true
