HY 101 Exam 1

David

(Old Testament) the 2nd king of the Israelites

The Book of the Dead

A book, that tells you how to get into the Afterlife. Gave us insight into peoples' private lives

Ziggurat

A temple of Sumerian origin, like a pyramidal tower. Erected by Ur-Nammu.

Yahweh

Believed to be God's real name. Means "I am who I am."

Sargon

Founder of the Dynasty of Akkad

Heinrich Schliemann

German archaeologist who discovered nine superimposed city sites of Troy dating from 1600 BCE to 1300 BCE full of aristocratic objects and instruments of war.

Ma'at

Harmony of Nature and Society

Assyrians

Mastered the power of Calvary. Were very cruel, brutal people.

Israel/Judah

Northern and Southern kingdoms that the Hebrews were divided into.

Code of Hammurabi

One of the earliest known law codes compiled at the start of the reign of King Hammurabi. Famous for demanding punishment fit the crime.

Zoroaster

Persian prophet who founded Zoroastrianism (circa 628-551 BC)

Hieroglyphics

Pictographic text, pictures of how to do things, tell stories, etfc

Nomarch

Political head of a Nome (Administrative center) in Egypt. 20 in Lower Egypt and 22 in Upper.

Pharaoh

Ruler of the Great Household

Psalms

Songs of praise

Epic of Gilgamesh

Sumerian epic poem; started epic poetry

Covenant

The binding agreement the ancient Hebrews made with God to abandon polytheism and follow but one God.

Diaspora

The emigration or spread of the Hebrews from Israel to other lands.

Cuneiform

Wedge-shaped writing inscribed on wet clay tablets, stone, and other surfaces by the Mesopotamian peoples and others. World's first literature.

Iliad

a Greek epic poem (attributed to Homer) describing the siege of Troy

Phoenicians

a member of an ancient Semitic people who dominated trade in the first millennium B.C.

Hittites

a member of an ancient people who inhabited Anatolia and northern Syria about 2000 to 1200 BC

Mycenae

an ancient city in southern Greece

Knossos

an ancient town on Crete where Bronze Age culture flourished from about 2000 BC to 1400 BC

Homer

ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey (circa 850 BC)

Crete (Minoans)

named after the legendary King Minos of Crete.

Hammurabi

sixth king of Babylon

Prophets

someone who speaks by divine inspiration

Abraham

the first of the Old Testament patriarchs and the father of Isaac. Name means "father of many"

Torah

the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit

Persians

the largest empire. Had legendary troops called the Immortals. Honored local diversity, languages, cultures and traditions of the people they conquered