INR Exam 1 Study Guide
A country experiencing a debt or currency crisis would contact the World Bank
False
A flexible exchange rate system guarantees a country will not experience an exchange rate crisis
False
A nation's votes at the IMF are proportional to its population
False
Evidence indicates that recipients of aid from the IMF and World Bank prosper economically due to the influx of foreign aid and the proven benefits of the structural adjustment programs
False
If a state has a balance of payments deficit, if it is exporting more than it is importing
False
Which of the following theories claims that states form IGOs because it is in their interest to do so, as they help to solve problems more easily and less expensively
Realism Liberalism Constructivism
The World Bank cooperated with partner agencies to attain the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which includes all BUT one of the following targets
Reducing the spread of terrorist threat
What part of the United Nations performs organizational, budgetary, translation, research and other support services and administers decisions?
Secretariat
Which United Nations component is the only one which permits its members to have veto powers?
Security Council
The UN currently has 193 members, the last one to join is
South Sudan
Quotas are denominated in _________________ the IMF's unit of currency
Special Drawing Rights
Immunity of the employees of International Organizations may be waived if it would serve the interest of justice
True
International Organizations' most important function is that they act as a forum and hold themed conferences.
True
International organizations cannot exercise general powers as can sovereign nations.
True
League was a novel and dramatic experiment of its time. Its liberal views can be traced back to Immanuel Kant's Perpetual Peace
True
Moral hazard problem is posed when
the borrowing country believes it will be bailed out by IMF even if it doesn't follow prescribed policies
Contemporary themes in international relations drawn from Marxism include:
the theory of collective action
Which of the following is a purpose of the UN Secretariat?
to administer UN policy and programs
This is NOT one of the stated reasons why International Organizations are formed
to help the founding nations retain their control over world governance
The ten nonpermanent members of the UNSC are elected to
two-year terms by the General Assembly
The US led invasion of Iraq in 2003 showed that
the UN is powerless to stop major nations from breaking international law
After Bretton Woods, _______________ became the primary global reserve.
the US dollar
Which UN specialized agencies, both located in Washington, DC, follow legal procedures and processes for lending capital?
the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund
Which of the following features did all of the original members of the UN Security Council have in common?
All were European nations ? All were victors in WWII ? All had the largest economies in the world ? Both A and B are true X All of the above X
The largest default in IMF history was made by _____________, the country that was in news again in August 2014 for defaulting.
Argentina
This is NOT one of the primary functions of the IMF
Assistance in the Development Programs!!! Economic and Financial Surveillance? Technical Assistance and Training? Lending? Exchange rates X
The IMF conditionally includes
Changes in the fiscal and monetary policies of the country facing the financial crisis, changes in the exchange rate policies, regulating and restructuring the financial sector of the economy of the country in the crisis, structural policies affecting international trade and public enterprises. ALL OF THE ABOVE
Inis Claude Jr. wrote, "The ___________________ was rather inappropriately named. It was an orchestra without a conductor or regular rehearsals, whose members played with so little respect for the score that they produced cacophony more often than harmony."
Concert of Europe
This is NOT an example of a multi national corporation
East India Company X Nike? Wal-Mart? Outback Steakhouse?
Main function/s of the IMF today include
Economic and financial surveillance, technical assistance and training, IMF lending ALL OF THE ABOVE
The IMF, because it can force nations to take loans and bail-out packages, has more power than other international governmental organizations dealing with the global economy
False
The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development or World Bank was originally established to aid in the rebuilding effort after WWI
False
UN Secretaries-General often come from the great powers
False
UN has its own flag, post office, and postage stamps and currency
False
Which country is the permanent member of the UN security council?
France
The five largest shareholders of the World Bank are
France, Germany, Japan, United Kingdom, and the United States
The World Trade Organization replaced the ______________ in 1995
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
Which recent global crisis made the IMF more "relevant?"
Global Economic Crisis of 2008
Which of the following is NOT true about International Organizations, they
Have their own armed force
Employees of international organizations do NOT have
Immunity from arrest ? Immunity from seizure of baggage ? Security for papers and documents ? Travel restrictions ? Immunity from detention X
World Bank Group does NOT include
International Food Corporation (IFDC)
Which of the following has at least three nation states as its members?
International governmental organizations
Which of the following is TRUE about the Bretton Woods System?
It was closely tied to Mexican leadership ? It was based on the economic socialism X It included the gold standard ? It was designed to diffuse the global economic unity ? Bretton Woods is in UK X
What is the one way in which the power of the UN Security Council is limited?
Its decisions depend entirely on the interests of its member states
The British economist who played a crucial role at the Bretton Woods conference was
John Maynard Keynes
According to the Theory of ___________, international organizations are tools to be used by states for their own interest, so the tools cannot transform the actors.
Realism Liberalism Constructivism
Which of the following is an objective of the UN?
Maintaining international peace and security, encouraging respect for human rights and freedoms, respecting equal rights of peoples, encouraging and respecting self-determination ALL OF THE ABOVE ARE OBJECTIVES OF THE UN
The World Bank does which of the following?
Makes long term development loans to poor countries
The Bretton Woods system established at the end of WWII included all EXCEPT
NOT open markets NOT Strong leadership role for the US
The movie The Whistleblower draws attention to much-needed reforms in ALL except
NOT: Ethics, Whistleblower protection
The MAIN reason for granting immunities to international organizations was to
NOT: Intl Org are sovereign bodies
A multinational corporation can be characterized as
NOT: a company with headquarters operations in multiple countries
Which of the following is a function of the UN General Assembly?
NOT: coordinating NATO programs and agencies
Which of the following is NOT a remedy prescribed by the IMF to countries who take money from it?
NOT: increasing taxes NOT: Constraining monetary supplies
For constructivists, the following is true:
Norms and identity are key to explaining outcomes in the international system
Second generation peacekeeping has an objective all of the following EXCEPT
Offering humanitarian relief ? Running elections X Protecting civilians ? Remaining neutral in conflicts ?
The United Nations General Assembly's power is actually very clear over which of the following?
Over the UN budget
The policy reforms required by the IMF and World Bank to receive assistance are called
Structural Adjustment Policies (SAPs)
Why was the united states taken off the gold standard in the early 1970s?
The Vietnam War and the Great Society antipoverty programs increased US budget deficits As the dollar overhang grew, foreign investors and governments grew less willing to finance it. The Vietnam War undermined US moral authority ALL OF THE ABOVE
What is MOST CONTRARY to the General Charter idea that all states are equal under international law?
The existence of the UNSC, which gives five countries a disproportionate amount of power ? The International Court of Justice can create rulings that are against the ideas of UN member states X The Secretary General of the UN has never been from a great power state ? The General Assembly has power in shaping budgets where every state has a vote ? All of the above ?
Following the Treaty of Westphalia, no International Organization appeared until the 19th century. Why is this the case?
There was insufficient contact between states, there was little recognition of problems arising from interdependence among states, and there was no perceived need for institutionalized mechanisms to manage international relations ALL OF THE ABOVE
From 1945 to 1971, the World Bank and the IMF worked with states' central banks to maintain stable international monetary relations, by pegging state currencies to the US dollar and the dollar to gold.
True
One of the first modern international organizations which still exists was the Central Commission for Navigation of the Rhine, established by the Congress of Vienna in 1815.
True
Representatives of the IGOs enjoy many privileges and immunities as are necessary for the independent exercise of their functions in connection with the Organization.
True
The "balance of payments" is a calculation summarizing a country's financial transactions with the external world
True
The IMF and World Bank are largely controlled by the industrialized North states.
True
The Security Council of the UN includes five permanent members with veto power and ten additional rotating members
True
The United Nations Charter defines one of the UN's objectives as cultivating respect for the principle of equal rights and the self determination of peoples
True
The United States willingly allowed "free riding" by Europe and Japan in the international finance system after WWII in order to increase its own export markets and strengthen the West against communism
True
The largest MNC's are based in developing states
True
The negotiating states at the 1944 Bretton Woods conference agreed the global monetary regime should be based on fixed exchange rates
True
World Bank may be dissolved by a vote of the majority governors
True
Criticism leveled against World Bank does NOT include
Undemocratic, secretive, bloated and inefficient organization ? Promotes corporate interest ? Supports environmentally friendly projects ? Supports corporatized export-oriented farming ? All of the above X
What can the permanent members of the UN Security Council do that nonpermanent members cannot?
Veto resolutions
In the 1970's the International Organizations were threatened and considered impotent because of which crisis?
Vietnam War, collapse of the Bretton Woods system of international exchange rate management, and the 1973 oil crisis ALL OF THE ABOVE
Following which major conflict was the United Nations founded?
World War II (teacher is wrong)
In 1971, in place of the nationalists in Taiwan, the delegation of the People's Republic of China was given China's seat in the UN. This is an example of the UN General Assembly's power to
administer Security Council policy and program ? provide counsel on economic and social issues ? accredit national delegations as members of the UN tribunals X accredit national delegations as members of the UN ?
One purpose of the UN Secretariat is to
administer UN policy and programs
Which of the following features did all of the original members of the UN Security Council have in common?
all were victors in WWII
Today, transnational actors
are rapidly changing international politics
The UN's peacekeeping forces are
assembled by the Secretary General each time a mission is deemed necessary
Most recent deployments of UN peacekeeping forces have been in response to
civil wars within collapsing states
In 2019, a US diplomat's wife was the center of attention when she killed a teenager in UK, by driving recklessly. She sought _______________
diplomatic immunity
Founding principle of the United Nations highlights the importance of
global peace ? economic development ? nongovernmental organizations ? state sovereignty ? all of the above X
The UN Charter, states _________________
have full sovereignty over their own affairs
Resolutions passed by the UN General Assembly
have limited legal authority
What ultimately led to the demise of the League of Nations?
its inability to deal with the aggression of the Axis powers
To help heavily indebted poor countries (HIPCs), the IMF and the World Bank have developed policies to
offer debt relief packages to those countries
How frequently do the nonpermanent members of the Security Council rotate?
once every two years
Liberal Internationalism, Liberalism, and Neoliberal theory contend that International Organizations
play a vital role in an international system characterized by complex interdependence
For centuries, the global currency that had value in all countries was
precious metal
As established, the purpose of the Security Council is to
prevent conflict in the world by performing deterrent, peacekeeping, and negotiating functions
Although multicultural corporations (MNCs) have existed for hundreds of years, today's MNCs are different in terms of
pursuing global strategies for production, sales, research, and investment
International law depends on ___________, collective action, and international norms for enforcement.
reciprocity ? organizations X diplomatic accreditation ? courts ?
With respect to UN peacekeeping,
soldiers are typically sent to a country only when a cease-fire has been arranged
International norms are
sometimes institutionalized through organizations
The PRIMARY BENEFIT derived from the gold standard was
stability
Most states voluntarily observe international law most of the time because
states' interests are served by the maintenance of an orderly and predictable international environment
Delegating international decisions to an international organization is called
supranationalism
