INTRO PROGRAMMINHG

math.ceil(-3.1)

-3

math.floor(-3.1)

-4 (outputs the lowest possible whole number for a decimal value

What's the output? for n in range(10): print(n, end=" ")

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

What's the output? for n in range(1,10): print(n, end=" ")

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

What steps can you take to avoid debugging

1. Understand the Problem 2. Test on function at a time 3. Start small

x=5 y=3 def afunc(a,b): print(a-b) 1.afunc(x,y) 2.afunc(y,x) 3.afunc(x,x) 4.afunc(y,y)

1.2 2.-2 3.0 4.0

What is the value of the variable n after the while loop is completed? n=2 while(n<10): print("This code is useless!") n=n+1

10

Whats the output? number = 10 while number != 0: print(number, end=" ") number = number - 2

10 8 6 4 2

What's output? ii = 50 def fan(): ii = 100 return ii print(fan())

100

How many times does the following piece of code print the string Greetings!? n=0 while(n<100): print("Greetings!") n=n+1

100 times

What's the output? for n in range(2,10,2): print(n, end=" ")

2 4 6 8

What is true? A variable name can: 1. Have special characters 2. Contain underline character 3. Can include a space innit 4. Can contain letters and numbers 5. Can start with a number

2,4

x = 2021 if x % 2 == 0: print(x, "is even") print("Today is Tuesday") else: print(x, "is odd") print("Happy Valentine's Day!") print("Let it snow!")

2021 is old Happy Valentine's Day! Let it snow!

What is the output of the following code? x = 0 a = 5 b = 5 if a > 0: if b < 0: x = x + 5 elif a > 5: x = x + 4 else: x = x + 3 else: x = x + 2 print(x)

3

Whats the output? qq = 3 def bike(): qq = 7 bike() print(qq)

3

math.ceil(2.2)

3.

What is printed by the following statements? alist = [0, 1, "good", [2, "cats"], 3.14, False] print(alist[4])

3.14

What is printed by the following statements? alist = ["python", 3.9, "C++", [5, 10,15,20]] print(len(alist))

4

number = 5 while number > 0: number = number - 1 print(number)

4 3 2 1 0

What's the output? n = -1 x = 3 while n < 4: n = n + 2 x = x + n print(n, x)

5 12

Whats the output? x = 55 def hi(): return x print(hi())

55

Whats the output? def pointless(): z = 77 return z print(pointless()

77

X = 100, X = X - 10, X = X+5, print(X), what's the output?

95

What's the output? Grade = input("please enter your grade: ") #user puts in 88 Print((type(grade))

<class 'int'>

What is the output? M= "How are you" Print(type(m))

<class 'star'>

A line of code that stores user input in a variable

A = int(input())

fruitful function

A function that yields a return value instead of None.

Imagine our average is 2.7142857142857144. What will print("the average is:", format(average, 'a.b'))

A is the number spaces in front of the number. If a is between 0 and 3 it basically wont do anything. B is the number of decimal places.

A function that is defined inside a function is called?

A local variable

What is a variable in python?

A memory location to store a value, such as a number, a letter, or a string.

incremental development

A program development plan intended to avoid debugging by adding and testing only a small amount of code at a time.

Given the string s="Hello" which of the following are valid statements? a) print(s[0]) b) print(s[5]) c) print(s[len(s)]) d) print(s[len(s)-1]) e) print(s[-1]) f) print(s[-5])

A,D,E,F

Given a string s, which of the following are valid operations? a) print(s+s) b) print(s-s) c) print(s+2) d) print(s*2) e) print(s/2) f) print(s+"2") g) print(s*len(s))

A,D,F,G

Which of the following command is used to open a file "temp.txt" in append-mode (which is located in the same folder as the program)? Select one: a. outfile = open("temp.txt", "a") b. outfile = open("temp.txt", "rw") c. outfile = open("temp.txt", "r+") d. outfile = open("temp.txt", "w+")

A. Outfile = open(''temp.txt'',''a'')

Which of the following expressions will generate a random number between 1 and 2.5. Assume that you have already imported the random module. Select one: a. 1+random.random()*1.5 b. random.random()%2.5 c. random.random()*2.5 d. random.random()%1.5 e. random.random()*1.5

A.a

=

Assigns what is on the right to the left

What's the output? s = "Go Bucks!" print(s[3] + s[-1])

B!

After we open a file (first_test) using: test1 = open('test1.txt', 'r') we can read the whole file into memory with which Python code? Select one: a. test_data = open(test1) b. test_data.open.read(test1) c. test_data = test1.read() d. For test_data in test1:

C.test_data = test1.read()

What is a composition of functions?

Calling one function from with the body of another, or using the return value as an argument to call of another

Information on a program that is meant for other programmers (or anyone reading the source code and has no effect on the execution.

Comments

Consider the following Python code. Note that line numbers are included on the left. 1. def pow(b, p): 2. y = b ** p 3. return y 4. 5. def square(x): 6. a = pow(x, 2) 7. return a 8. 9. n = 5 10. result = square(n) 11. print(result) Which of the following best reflects the order in which these lines of code are processed in Python? Select one: a. 9, 10, 11, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 b. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 c. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11 d. 1, 5, 9, 10, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11 e. 9, 10, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11 Feedback

D

Which direction does the turtle face when its created?

East

What is printed by the following statements: s = "Car" s[0] = "B" print(s)

Error s[0] != B

What's output? def chair(): pp = 99 return pp print(pp)

Error, pp is not a global variable ;hence, it can't be accessed outside the function

What does ** mean in python

Exponentiation

In Python strings are mutable

False

When you open a file for reading, if the file does not exist, the program will open an empty file

False

When you open a file for writing, if the file does not exist, an error occurs

False

alist = [0, 1, "python", [2,"cats"], [ ], 3.14, False] print(2 in alist)

False, 2 is in a sub list. Not the main list

Consider the following code. Drag the output for each assignment of age: if age > 40: if age> 60: print('Turning old') else: print('Middle age') else: print('Young age') If age = 25 if age = 40 if age = 50 if age = 75

If age = 25, young age, 40, young age, 50, middle age, 75, Turning old

What does // mean in python

Integer division

To execute a high level program in a high-level language by translating it 1 line at a time

Interpreter

What does the line import turtle do?

It makes the module turtle available which will allow you to create a Turtle object and draw with it.

What does math.ceil(2) output?

It outputs the highest possible decimal value in of the value of x. In our case the answer is 2

what does round(12.99) do

It rounds off the value to its nearest whole number. In. Our case the answer is 13

The following program contains an error. On what line is the error? Line1: current_time_str = input("What is the current time (in hours 0-23)?") Line 2: wait_time_str = input("How many hours do you want to wait") Line 3: current_time_int = int(current_time_str) Line 4: wait_time_int = int(wait_time_int) Line 5: final_time_int = current_time_int + wait_time_int Line 6: print(final_time_int)

Line 4

open(file name,'r')

Open a filename and use it for reading. This will return a reference to a file object

Whats does abs() do

Outputs the absolute value

Whats does pow(x,y) do?

Outputs x^y

dead code

Part of a program that can never be executed, often because it appears after a return statement.

How to print Hello Kenyon in python

Print("Hello Kenyon")

This program is meant to convert feet to inches: Numinches = int(input("Pleas enter the number of inches you wish to convert to feet and inches")

Print(Numinches,"is", Numinches//12, "feet and",Numinches%12,")

read(n)

Reads and returns a string of n characters, or the entire file name as a single string if n is not provided

What % mean in python

Remainder operator

What 'rstrip' do?

Removes special characters from the end of a string.

readlines(n)

Returns a list of strings, each representing a single line of the file. If n is not provided, then all lines of the file are returned. If n is provided then n characters are read but n is rounded up so that an entire line is returned

readline(n)

Returns the next line of the file with all text up to and including the new line character. If n is provided as a parameter then only n characters will be returned if the line is longer than n

What is the data type of data read from a file

String

What, if anything, is there anything wrong with the following loop? n=2021 while(n%2==1): print(n, "is an odd number")

The loop will run till infinity it's an infinite loop.

What is iteration?

The repetition of steps within a program

What, if anything, is wrong with the following function definition: def addEm(x, y, z): return x + y + z print('the answer is', x + y + z)

There should be nothing coded after return

Given the file afile.txt with the following content: This is 1st line This is 2nd line This is 3rd line This is 4th line This is 5th line What is the output of the following program? thefile=open("afile.txt","r") line=thefile.readline() print(line)

This is the first line

"Dog" < "Doghouse"

True

A function can be called inside another function

True

A function can be called several times by placing the function in a loop body?

True

A python list can contain different types

True

When you open a file for reading, if the file does not exist, an error occurs

True

When you open a file for writing, if the file does not exist, a new file is created

True

What does int(12.99) do

Truncates the number. (Subtracts the decimal value) in our case return 12.

Consider the following short Python code import turtle t = turtle.Turtle() t.forward(50) Match the correct names/terms. Turtle t turtle forward

Turtle = type name, t = object, turtle = module name, forward = method name.

What's the best way to write code?

Write a little bit of the program, test and debug, then write a little more, test and debug .

X = 10, Y = X, X = 15. What's the value of X and Y?

X = 15, Y = 10

It is possible to have a loop inside another loop in python

Yes

It is possible to have an if statement inside a while loop: While(true)

Yes

Can you do math with print?

Yes, print(10-7 )will yield 7

When the program doesn't work the way you intend, whose fault is it?

You

A general step by step process for solving a problem.

algorithm

What is printed by the following code? s = "Good day" print(s[-3:] * 4)

daydaydayday

10 0 : 10 1 : 10 2 : 8 0 : 8 1 : 8 2 : 6 0 : 6 1 : 6 2 : 4 0 : 4 1 : 4 2 : 2 0 : 2 1 : 2 2 : Whats the input

for x in range(10,1,‑2): for y in range(3): print(x,y,end=" : ") print()

A programming language like python That is designed to be easy for humans to read and write

high-level language

You can obtain a line from the keyboard with the input function, and you can process lines of a file as in the sample code below. df = open("datafile.txt") for line in df: values = line.split() print(values[0], values[1]) df.close() However "line" works differently from input. What is the difference?

input reads every character entered from the keyboard, but the newline ('\n') is not included in the string returned by input. It is dropped. When a line is taken from a file, the terminating newline is included as the last character

How do you reference the value pi within the math module(assume you've already imported the math module)

math.pi

We want to write a piece of data (say the string "test") to a file named result.txt Which Python code will accomplish that

outfile = open("result.txt", "w") outfile.write("test") outfile.close()

Whats the output? for x in range(3): for y in range(4): print("pears", end="") print()

pearspearspearspears pearspearspearspears pearspearspearspears pearspearspearspears

A sequence of instructions that specifies to a computer, actions and computations to be performed

program

An error that does not occur until the program has started to execute but that prevents the program from executing

runtime error

An error in a program that makes it do something other than what the programmer intended

semantic error

def drawSquare(t, s): """Make turtle t draw a square of with side s.""" for i in range(4): t.forward(s) t.left(90) Select one: a. This function has no arguments b. t, s,i c. t, s d. i e. t

t,s

To translate a program written in a high-level language into a low level language all at once in preparation for later execution

to compile

One of the basic elements of the syntactic structure of a program, analogous to word in a natural language

token