IS 438 exam 2

List and briefly describe four methods for identifying risks.

Brainstorming, delphi technique, interviewing, swot analysis

A(n) _____ contract carries the least risk for suppliers.

CPPC

Describe the relationship between Six Sigma and Statistics. What statistical concepts are involved in the Six Sigma philosophy?

Concept in Six Sigma: improving quality by reducing variation - Sigma means Standard Deviation Standard Deviation measures how much variation exists in a distribution of data

means that a product can be used as it was intended.

Conformance to requirements

Explain decision trees and expected monetary value.

Decision Tree Diagram analysis technique used to help select the best course of action when future outcomes are uncertain common application involves calculating EMV, Expected Monetary Value (EMV) product of a risk event probability and the risk event's monetary value.

_____ is a technique that helps identify which variables have the most influence on the overall outcome of a process.

Design of experiments

Performing quality assurance is a subprocess of the _____ process of project quality management.

Executing

_____ is a cost that relates to all errors not detected and not corrected before delivery to the customer.

External failure cost

While trying to assess commitment of project stakeholders, a(n) _____ meeting or a Web conference might be the most appropriate medium to use.

Face-to-face

According to Herzberg, hygiene factors such as larger salaries, more supervision, or a more attractive work environment would motivate workers to do more if present.

False

Buyers absorb lesser risk with cost-reimbursable contracts than they do with fixed-price contracts.

False

Gantt charts cannot be used to aid project quality management.

False

In the Social Styles Profile team building activity, drivers are reactive and people-oriented.

False

Key stakeholders need not be invited to participate in a kick-off meeting.

False

Legitimate power involves using personal knowledge and expertise to get people to change their behavior.

False

Project members should either have strong technical skills or soft skills.

False

Projects often do not cause any changes in an organization.

False

Testing as a stage is important only at the end of an information technology product development.

False

Validated changes and validated deliverables are the outputs of the quality assurance process.

False

_____ are the system's special characteristics that appeal to users.

Features

A(n) _____ contract has the least amount of risk for the buyer.

Fixed firm price

power is getting people to do things based on a position of authority.

Hierarchical

The project team must take corrective action if stakeholders with _____ are categorized as resistant or unaware.

High interest or high power

Identify and describe the four processes involved in project stakeholder management.

Identifying stakeholders, planning stakeholder management, managing stakeholder engagement, controlling stakeholder engagement

The term ____ is used to describe risks that the project team has identified and analyzed.

Known risks

The items discussed in a(n) _____ include reflections on whether project goals were met, whether the project was successful or not, the causes of variances on the project, the reasoning behind corrective actions chosen, the use of different project management tools and techniques, and personal words of wisdom based on team members' experiences.

Lessons-learned report

Herzberg called factors that cause job satisfaction

Motivators

___ are normally provided as status reports or progress reports.

Performance reports

_____ involves numerically estimating the effects of risks on project objectives.

Performing qualitative risk analysis

List and briefly describe the three project quality management processes.

Planning and Quality Management, Performing Quality Assurance, Controlling Quality

____ are a complete set of organized project records that provide an accurate history of the project.

Project archives

According to Thamhain and Wilemon, _____ is the ability to improve a worker's position.

Promotion

According to Herzberg, which of the following is a motivational factor?

Recognition

A(n) _____ is a column chart that shows the number of resources assigned to a project over time.

Resource histogram

Risk utility rises at a decreasing rate for a _____ person.

Risk averse

The _____ is a description of the work required for a procurement.

SOW

is a measure of quality control equal to 1 fault in 1 million opportunities.

Six 9s of quality

The process of choosing suppliers or sellers is known as _____.

Source selection

A risk-seeking person prefers outcomes that are more uncertain and is often willing to pay a penalty to take risks.

True

Communications software like e-mail, blogs, Web sites, texts, and tweets can aid in stakeholder communications.

True

In TQC, product quality is more important than production rates, and workers are allowed to stop production whenever a quality problem occurs.

True

Resource leveling results in fewer problems for project personnel and accounting departments.

True

Reviewing performance records reduces the risk of selecting a supplier with a poor track record.

True

Status reports can take various formats depending on the stakeholders' needs.

True

Suppliers are those organizations or individuals who provide procurement services.

True

The closing procurements process involves updating records to reflect final results and archiving information for future use.

True

The communications management plan varies with the needs of the project.

True

Unknown risks can be managed proactively.

True

Many information technology professionals work on _____ projects where they never meet their project sponsors, other team members, or other project stakeholders.

Virtual

The main output of the ___ process is the start of a risk register.

identify risks

A(n) _____ represents decision problems by displaying essential elements, including decisions, uncertainties, causality, and objectives, and how they influence each other.

influence diagram

communication happens when two or more people to exchange information via meetings, phone calls, or video conferencing.

interactive

The formula to determine the number of communication channels is _____, where n is the number of people involved.

n(n-1)/2

_____ involves using punishment, threats, or other negative approaches to get people to do things they do not want to do.

referant power

The _____ is a measure of quality control equal to 1 fault in 1 million opportunities problems.

six 9s of quality rule