Jazz test 4
Which piece of technology formed the foundation of Jimmy Smith's organ trio?
Hammond B3
Why does Ornette Coleman make use of fluid, expressive intonation in his improvisations?
He believes that each note should be played differently depending on its context.
Cecil Taylor struggled to gain widespread acceptance for his musical approach for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
His piano playing is technically unexceptional.
Which of the following is NOT true of Louis Jordan's career?
His work was ignored by the jazz stars of his time.
Why was rock and roll initially dismissed by jazz musicians?
It was aimed at a teen audience.
Which of the following musicians did NOT work with Miles Davis before forming or participating in an important 1970s fusion band?
Jaco Pastorius
Which musician became an important "translator" of Cecil Taylor's music, working with Taylor for twenty-five years?
Jimmy Lyons
Which major jazz figure, who had established credentials by mastering bebop, served as an unofficial referee in debates about avant-garde jazz?
John Coltrane
Which bandleader is most closely associated with "jump" music, which grew into rhythm and blues?
Louis Jordan
Dizzy Gillespie was introduce to Chano Pozo by
Mario Bauza
Pianist Robert Glasper has performed and recorded pieces by all of the following contemporary artists EXCEPT:
Medeski, Martin, and Wood
What was unique about the makeup of Herbie Hancock's Headhunters among 1970s fusion bands?
Most of the musicians were inexperienced in jazz styles.
In the 1970s, musicians dedicated to free improvisation undertook a mass migration to establish the loft scene of which major city?
New York
Pat Metheny's fusion embraces all of the following sources EXCEPT:
Afro-Cuban jazz
Which is NOT true of clave as used in Cuban music and Afro-Cuban jazz?
Clave originated in Cuba.
Which aspect of Ornette Coleman's early recordings was most admired by listeners?
Coleman's strong melodic compositions
Which Loft Era saxophonist became known for his blending of avant-garde and traditional approaches to jazz improvisation?
David Murray
Which U.S. bebop musician collaborated with Cuban conguero Chano Pozo to create "Manteca," helping Afro-Cuban jazz break through to a larger audience?
Dizzy Gillespie
Which composer's focus on the relationship between timbre and rhythm proved influential to reedist Eric Dolphy?
Edgard Varèse
Free jazz is completely disconnected from the jazz tradition.
False
Which of the following is NOT a way that Sarah Vaughan transforms the musical materials of "All of Me"?
She changes to a new key at the start of each chorus.
Which is NOT a reason why the 1950s are described as a golden age for singers of the great American songbook?
Singers abandoned jazz and swing styles, updating the songbook with fresh new pop arrangements.
Ornette Coleman's 1959 residency at this New York club established him as a major player in avant-garde jazz and one of the most divisive figures of the era.
The Five Spot
Which is NOT true of Miles Davis's Bitches Brew?
The album did not find a broad audience.
Which of the following is NOT the title of an album released by Ornette Coleman on Atlantic Records?
There's a Riot Goin' On
Which of the following is an important aspect of the Beatles' song repertoire that differentiates them from older artists?
They wrote their own songs.
All of the following elements of funk style made it well-suited for fusion with contemporary jazz EXCEPT:
a focus on sweet, hummable vocal melodies
What was the effect of rock's popularity on the recording industry?
a massive increase in overall record sales
In the late 1960s, artists such as Eric Clapton and Jimi Hendrix moved away from pop singles and toward what style?
album-oriented improvisation
In the assigned video, what devices does Cecil Taylor use to tie his free improvisation together?
all of the above
Which of the following rock elements are evident are evident in the assigned video of Weather Report's Birdland?
all of the above
Which of the following was an American dance craze based on Cuban music?
all of the above
What quality of Ornette Coleman's white plastic alto saxophone does he value most?
an inherent harshness that allows for a "vocal" timbral palette
Sarah Vaughan's approach to fusion is best described as:
applying bebop harmonies and rhythms to pop songs
Which best describes the form of Cecil Taylor's "Bulbs"?
based on the introduction and development of a few small motives
All of the following musicians were important associates of Ornette Coleman EXCEPT:
bassist Charles Mingus
Why are Medeski, Martin, and Wood considered a "jam band"?
because their audience overlaps with that of various rock-leaning artists such as Phish and Dave Matthews
Rock and roll represented a fusion of which two musical styles?
black race records and rural hillbilly music
Which is NOT one of the "schools" of American music that emerged at the end of the Swing Era?
bluegrass
How did Cecil Taylor teach his compositions to his band members?
by playing episodes on the piano, which his musicians learned by ear and elaborated on
Before leading his own ensemble, Cecil Taylor trained in what musical idiom?
classical music
Herbie Hancock has had success in all of the following genres EXCEPT:
classical piano
All of the following are standard aspects of Albert Ayler's compositions EXCEPT:
clear musical divisions between soloist and accompanists
Which of the following is NOT true of Anthony Braxton's music?
dismissed by academia
Afro-Cuban influence in American music was limited to jazz.
false
Antonio Carlos Jobim understood bossa nova as a subtle reinterpretation of traditional samba.
false
Avant-garde approaches were a fad of the late 1960s that was not as durable as mainstream jazz.
false
Avant-garde musicians such as Ornette Coleman, Cecil Taylor, and their associates focused single-mindedly on musical exploration, with no consideration of the political ramifications of their work.
false
Because of the difficulty of his music, Cecil Taylor's work has gone largely unacknowledged by critics and European audiences.
false
Birdland follows a traditional 32-bar song form.
false
Compared to the musicians of the Swing Era, the avant-garde jazz community of the 1960s was considerably less politically engaged.
false
Despite his great musical range, Ornette Coleman has focused solely on the musical possibilities of the acoustic jazz quartet.
false
During her time as a major label artist, Sarah Vaughan was given freedom to explore new sounds and challenge her listeners.
false
Early in his career, Frank Sinatra was known for his performances of up-tempo songs.
false
Frank Sinatra believed that the song and its story are secondary to the beauty of the singer's voice itself.
false
Guitarist John Scofield works with Medeski, Martin, and Wood because his blues-inspired playing is not widely accepted within mainstream jazz.
false
In the early 1980s, Herbie Hancock created a fusion between jazz and hip-hop, featuring MC Melle Mel on his recording of "Rockit."
false
Miles Davis continued to embrace the term "jazz" even as he explored electric instruments and studio experimentation.
false
Miles Davis embraced the term "rock" to describe his new explorations with electric instruments and studio experimentation.
false
Sarah Vaughan was a skilled guitar player as well as a vocalist.
false
The Art Ensemble of Chicago popularized the use of "little instruments" that drew a connection between progressive jazz and Indonesian traditions.
false
The Kingston Trio's recording of "Tom Dooley" became a political anthem but could not cross over to a pop audience.
false
While Louis Jordan had great success with black audiences, his popularity never crossed over to the predominantly white pop charts.
false
Through his use of bluesy piano chords and a group of background singers, Ray Charles maintained a close connection with which American musical tradition?
gospel
Chick Corea started Return to Forever because he felt his free music with Circle did not have enough
groove
What is the original context of the term avant-garde?
military
Which of the following is NOT true of the career of pianist Keith Jarrett?
most regular work has been as part of a quartet with saxophonist Charles Lloyd
In Chapter 16, the authors define "fusion" as all music situated on the boundary between jazz and:
popular music
Which of the following titles was NOT used to describe the avant-garde jazz of the 1960s?
post-jazz
How did Jaco Pastorius alter the electric bass to make a distinctive sound?
removed the frets and filled in the holes with wood filler
Which of the following is NOT a part of the Cuban song structure that formed the basis of salsa?
rumba
Bossa nova emerged in the 1950s as a new twist on which traditional Latin American tradition?
samba
What element of rock aesthetics drew the attention of Miles Davis?
simplicity
Oregon percussionist Colin Walcott established a connection between jazz and world music through his study with which musician?
sitarist Ravi Shankar
Which substyle of jazz is most prominently sampled within acid jazz?
soul jazz
Which experimental recording process did Miles Davis and Teo Macero embrace on Davis's album In a Silent Way?
tape splicing
The second wave of avant-garde art was inspired by all of the following EXCEPT:
the Apollo 11 mission to land humans on the moon
The first wave of avant-garde art was inspired by all of the following innovations EXCEPT:
the emergence of African American artists as equal to their white counterparts
Saxophonist Albert Ayler spent significant time exploring which aspect of saxophone technique?
the highest register
Who most likely chose the title of Sarah Vaughan's LP, Swingin' Easy?
the record's producer
What was Frank Sinatra's primary goal as a singer?
to communicate the meaning of the lyrics through his phrasing
Cecil Taylor developed his approach in response to his observation that African American music was given very little respect in the classical world.
true
Cuban bandleader Xavier Cugat appeared in more Hollywood films than any other bandleader.
true
Dizzy Gillespie became interested in Afro-Cuban music through his association with Mario Bauzá.
true
Eric Dolphy single-handedly made the bass clarinet a significant instrument in jazz.
true
Fania Records was the most important promoter of the tough, street-smart style of New York salsa.
true
Hip-hop groups such as A Tribe Called Quest and Digable Planets make prominent use of jazz samples in their productions.
true
In the 1970s and 1980s, freely improvised music found its home in lofts, galleries, and other unconventional spaces.
true
In the rock era, many jazz artists had difficulty attracting young audiences simply because of their age.
true
Jaco Pastorius included a solo version of the notoriously difficult bebop standard "Donna Lee" on his debut recording, a move that gained him considerable respect among jazz artists and aficionados.
true
Jazz musicians had great difficulty in creating new interpretations of the new song repertoire of 1960s rock.
true
Jimmy Smith played all of the bass lines for his trio using the organ's foot pedals.
true
Smooth jazz's target audience of twenty-five to forty-four-year-old adults is commonly known as the "money demographic."
true
Soul jazz is a variant of hard bop that emphasizes a strong backbeat and gospel-type chords.
true
Surrealism, cubism, and twelve-tone music were all artistic movements associated with the first wave of the twentieth-century avant-garde.
true
The 1961 recording Free Jazz captured a thirty-seven minute collective improvisation by a group that Ornette Coleman referred to as his Double Quartet.
true
The rhythms and harmonies heard on recordings of the Ornette Coleman quartet are largely improvised along with the melodies.
true
What term did Cecil Taylor apply to the modules or sections that made up his compositions, which his band could work through for varying amounts of time?
unit structures
Which is NOT an aspect of the crisis that jazz faced in 1967?
young jazz musicians unwilling to embrace pop artists
Which jazz label released the soul jazz hits "Watermelon Man," "The Sidewinder," and "Song for My Father" in the 1960s?
Blue Note
All of the following contributed to the American embrace of bossa nova EXCEPT:
Bossa nova's aggressive rhythms fit the revolutionary spirit of 1960s America.
John McLaughlin's music blended elements of all of the following traditions EXCEPT:
Celtic fiddle music
Which of the following is NOT the name of a radio format featuring the work of Wes Montgomery, George Benson, and Kenny G?
"easy chill"
John Coltrane legitimized free jazz in the eyes of many jazz critics with his album
Ascension
The Sun of Latin Music, a 1974 collaboration between Eddie Palmieri and Barry Rogers, won a Grammy award in what new category?
Best Latin Performance
After studying black nationalism and Egyptian history, Sun Ra developed a personal mythology surrounding which planet?
Saturn
Why did Frank Sinatra's career fall apart after World War II?
Servicemen resented Sinatra's failure to serve in the war.
