Jazz test 4

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Which piece of technology formed the foundation of Jimmy Smith's organ trio?

Hammond B3

Why does Ornette Coleman make use of fluid, expressive intonation in his improvisations?

He believes that each note should be played differently depending on its context.

Cecil Taylor struggled to gain widespread acceptance for his musical approach for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

His piano playing is technically unexceptional.

Which of the following is NOT true of Louis Jordan's career?

His work was ignored by the jazz stars of his time.

Why was rock and roll initially dismissed by jazz musicians?

It was aimed at a teen audience.

Which of the following musicians did NOT work with Miles Davis before forming or participating in an important 1970s fusion band?

Jaco Pastorius

Which musician became an important "translator" of Cecil Taylor's music, working with Taylor for twenty-five years?

Jimmy Lyons

Which major jazz figure, who had established credentials by mastering bebop, served as an unofficial referee in debates about avant-garde jazz?

John Coltrane

Which bandleader is most closely associated with "jump" music, which grew into rhythm and blues?

Louis Jordan

Dizzy Gillespie was introduce to Chano Pozo by

Mario Bauza

Pianist Robert Glasper has performed and recorded pieces by all of the following contemporary artists EXCEPT:

Medeski, Martin, and Wood

What was unique about the makeup of Herbie Hancock's Headhunters among 1970s fusion bands?

Most of the musicians were inexperienced in jazz styles.

In the 1970s, musicians dedicated to free improvisation undertook a mass migration to establish the loft scene of which major city?

New York

Pat Metheny's fusion embraces all of the following sources EXCEPT:

Afro-Cuban jazz

Which is NOT true of clave as used in Cuban music and Afro-Cuban jazz?

Clave originated in Cuba.

Which aspect of Ornette Coleman's early recordings was most admired by listeners?

Coleman's strong melodic compositions

Which Loft Era saxophonist became known for his blending of avant-garde and traditional approaches to jazz improvisation?

David Murray

Which U.S. bebop musician collaborated with Cuban conguero Chano Pozo to create "Manteca," helping Afro-Cuban jazz break through to a larger audience?

Dizzy Gillespie

Which composer's focus on the relationship between timbre and rhythm proved influential to reedist Eric Dolphy?

Edgard Varèse

Free jazz is completely disconnected from the jazz tradition.

False

Which of the following is NOT a way that Sarah Vaughan transforms the musical materials of "All of Me"?

She changes to a new key at the start of each chorus.

Which is NOT a reason why the 1950s are described as a golden age for singers of the great American songbook?

Singers abandoned jazz and swing styles, updating the songbook with fresh new pop arrangements.

Ornette Coleman's 1959 residency at this New York club established him as a major player in avant-garde jazz and one of the most divisive figures of the era.

The Five Spot

Which is NOT true of Miles Davis's Bitches Brew?

The album did not find a broad audience.

Which of the following is NOT the title of an album released by Ornette Coleman on Atlantic Records?

There's a Riot Goin' On

Which of the following is an important aspect of the Beatles' song repertoire that differentiates them from older artists?

They wrote their own songs.

All of the following elements of funk style made it well-suited for fusion with contemporary jazz EXCEPT:

a focus on sweet, hummable vocal melodies

What was the effect of rock's popularity on the recording industry?

a massive increase in overall record sales

In the late 1960s, artists such as Eric Clapton and Jimi Hendrix moved away from pop singles and toward what style?

album-oriented improvisation

In the assigned video, what devices does Cecil Taylor use to tie his free improvisation together?

all of the above

Which of the following rock elements are evident are evident in the assigned video of Weather Report's Birdland?

all of the above

Which of the following was an American dance craze based on Cuban music?

all of the above

What quality of Ornette Coleman's white plastic alto saxophone does he value most?

an inherent harshness that allows for a "vocal" timbral palette

Sarah Vaughan's approach to fusion is best described as:

applying bebop harmonies and rhythms to pop songs

Which best describes the form of Cecil Taylor's "Bulbs"?

based on the introduction and development of a few small motives

All of the following musicians were important associates of Ornette Coleman EXCEPT:

bassist Charles Mingus

Why are Medeski, Martin, and Wood considered a "jam band"?

because their audience overlaps with that of various rock-leaning artists such as Phish and Dave Matthews

Rock and roll represented a fusion of which two musical styles?

black race records and rural hillbilly music

Which is NOT one of the "schools" of American music that emerged at the end of the Swing Era?

bluegrass

How did Cecil Taylor teach his compositions to his band members?

by playing episodes on the piano, which his musicians learned by ear and elaborated on

Before leading his own ensemble, Cecil Taylor trained in what musical idiom?

classical music

Herbie Hancock has had success in all of the following genres EXCEPT:

classical piano

All of the following are standard aspects of Albert Ayler's compositions EXCEPT:

clear musical divisions between soloist and accompanists

Which of the following is NOT true of Anthony Braxton's music?

dismissed by academia

Afro-Cuban influence in American music was limited to jazz.

false

Antonio Carlos Jobim understood bossa nova as a subtle reinterpretation of traditional samba.

false

Avant-garde approaches were a fad of the late 1960s that was not as durable as mainstream jazz.

false

Avant-garde musicians such as Ornette Coleman, Cecil Taylor, and their associates focused single-mindedly on musical exploration, with no consideration of the political ramifications of their work.

false

Because of the difficulty of his music, Cecil Taylor's work has gone largely unacknowledged by critics and European audiences.

false

Birdland follows a traditional 32-bar song form.

false

Compared to the musicians of the Swing Era, the avant-garde jazz community of the 1960s was considerably less politically engaged.

false

Despite his great musical range, Ornette Coleman has focused solely on the musical possibilities of the acoustic jazz quartet.

false

During her time as a major label artist, Sarah Vaughan was given freedom to explore new sounds and challenge her listeners.

false

Early in his career, Frank Sinatra was known for his performances of up-tempo songs.

false

Frank Sinatra believed that the song and its story are secondary to the beauty of the singer's voice itself.

false

Guitarist John Scofield works with Medeski, Martin, and Wood because his blues-inspired playing is not widely accepted within mainstream jazz.

false

In the early 1980s, Herbie Hancock created a fusion between jazz and hip-hop, featuring MC Melle Mel on his recording of "Rockit."

false

Miles Davis continued to embrace the term "jazz" even as he explored electric instruments and studio experimentation.

false

Miles Davis embraced the term "rock" to describe his new explorations with electric instruments and studio experimentation.

false

Sarah Vaughan was a skilled guitar player as well as a vocalist.

false

The Art Ensemble of Chicago popularized the use of "little instruments" that drew a connection between progressive jazz and Indonesian traditions.

false

The Kingston Trio's recording of "Tom Dooley" became a political anthem but could not cross over to a pop audience.

false

While Louis Jordan had great success with black audiences, his popularity never crossed over to the predominantly white pop charts.

false

Through his use of bluesy piano chords and a group of background singers, Ray Charles maintained a close connection with which American musical tradition?

gospel

Chick Corea started Return to Forever because he felt his free music with Circle did not have enough

groove

What is the original context of the term avant-garde?

military

Which of the following is NOT true of the career of pianist Keith Jarrett?

most regular work has been as part of a quartet with saxophonist Charles Lloyd

In Chapter 16, the authors define "fusion" as all music situated on the boundary between jazz and:

popular music

Which of the following titles was NOT used to describe the avant-garde jazz of the 1960s?

post-jazz

How did Jaco Pastorius alter the electric bass to make a distinctive sound?

removed the frets and filled in the holes with wood filler

Which of the following is NOT a part of the Cuban song structure that formed the basis of salsa?

rumba

Bossa nova emerged in the 1950s as a new twist on which traditional Latin American tradition?

samba

What element of rock aesthetics drew the attention of Miles Davis?

simplicity

Oregon percussionist Colin Walcott established a connection between jazz and world music through his study with which musician?

sitarist Ravi Shankar

Which substyle of jazz is most prominently sampled within acid jazz?

soul jazz

Which experimental recording process did Miles Davis and Teo Macero embrace on Davis's album In a Silent Way?

tape splicing

The second wave of avant-garde art was inspired by all of the following EXCEPT:

the Apollo 11 mission to land humans on the moon

The first wave of avant-garde art was inspired by all of the following innovations EXCEPT:

the emergence of African American artists as equal to their white counterparts

Saxophonist Albert Ayler spent significant time exploring which aspect of saxophone technique?

the highest register

Who most likely chose the title of Sarah Vaughan's LP, Swingin' Easy?

the record's producer

What was Frank Sinatra's primary goal as a singer?

to communicate the meaning of the lyrics through his phrasing

Cecil Taylor developed his approach in response to his observation that African American music was given very little respect in the classical world.

true

Cuban bandleader Xavier Cugat appeared in more Hollywood films than any other bandleader.

true

Dizzy Gillespie became interested in Afro-Cuban music through his association with Mario Bauzá.

true

Eric Dolphy single-handedly made the bass clarinet a significant instrument in jazz.

true

Fania Records was the most important promoter of the tough, street-smart style of New York salsa.

true

Hip-hop groups such as A Tribe Called Quest and Digable Planets make prominent use of jazz samples in their productions.

true

In the 1970s and 1980s, freely improvised music found its home in lofts, galleries, and other unconventional spaces.

true

In the rock era, many jazz artists had difficulty attracting young audiences simply because of their age.

true

Jaco Pastorius included a solo version of the notoriously difficult bebop standard "Donna Lee" on his debut recording, a move that gained him considerable respect among jazz artists and aficionados.

true

Jazz musicians had great difficulty in creating new interpretations of the new song repertoire of 1960s rock.

true

Jimmy Smith played all of the bass lines for his trio using the organ's foot pedals.

true

Smooth jazz's target audience of twenty-five to forty-four-year-old adults is commonly known as the "money demographic."

true

Soul jazz is a variant of hard bop that emphasizes a strong backbeat and gospel-type chords.

true

Surrealism, cubism, and twelve-tone music were all artistic movements associated with the first wave of the twentieth-century avant-garde.

true

The 1961 recording Free Jazz captured a thirty-seven minute collective improvisation by a group that Ornette Coleman referred to as his Double Quartet.

true

The rhythms and harmonies heard on recordings of the Ornette Coleman quartet are largely improvised along with the melodies.

true

What term did Cecil Taylor apply to the modules or sections that made up his compositions, which his band could work through for varying amounts of time?

unit structures

Which is NOT an aspect of the crisis that jazz faced in 1967?

young jazz musicians unwilling to embrace pop artists

Which jazz label released the soul jazz hits "Watermelon Man," "The Sidewinder," and "Song for My Father" in the 1960s?

Blue Note

All of the following contributed to the American embrace of bossa nova EXCEPT:

Bossa nova's aggressive rhythms fit the revolutionary spirit of 1960s America.

John McLaughlin's music blended elements of all of the following traditions EXCEPT:

Celtic fiddle music

Which of the following is NOT the name of a radio format featuring the work of Wes Montgomery, George Benson, and Kenny G?

"easy chill"

John Coltrane legitimized free jazz in the eyes of many jazz critics with his album

Ascension

The Sun of Latin Music, a 1974 collaboration between Eddie Palmieri and Barry Rogers, won a Grammy award in what new category?

Best Latin Performance

After studying black nationalism and Egyptian history, Sun Ra developed a personal mythology surrounding which planet?

Saturn

Why did Frank Sinatra's career fall apart after World War II?

Servicemen resented Sinatra's failure to serve in the war.


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