Karch Prep U Antibiotics

Tuberculosis can affect which of the following organs? (Select all that apply) a) Kidneys b) Uterus c) Lungs d) Spleen e) Liver

ALL OF THEM a) Kidneys b) Uterus c) Lungs d) Spleen e) Liver

A patient is admitted to the emergency room with a diagnosis of Legionnaire's disease and is placed on isolation. Which of the following medications is the drug of choice for Legionnaire's disease?

Erythromycin (Ery-Tab)

A patient is admitted to hospice with the diagnosis of XDR-TB. Knowing some of the contributing factors to this disease, the nurse understands this disease is a major indication of:

The failure to adequately diagnose, prevent, and treat MDR-TB

The nurse knows that pseudomembranous colitis is a superinfection of fluoroquinolones, especially when they are administered in high doses, because these medications have what effect in the body?

They disrupt the microbial flora of the body.

The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a woman who will be taking amoxicillin for treatment of acute otitis media. The nurse teaches the client that which symptom indicates the development of a superinfection and should be reported to the physician? You selected:

Vaginal itching and discharge

The nurse is assisting in the admission of a client with a suspected urinary tract infection. The health care provider has written the following orders: acetaminophen 500 mg PO for elevated temperature; urinalysis for culture and sensitivity; sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) 500 mg PO four times daily; and force fluids to 3 L/day. Which order will the nurse complete first? a) Obtain urine for culture and sensitivity. b) Administer acetaminophen for temperature. c) Administer sulfasalazine (Azulfidine). d) Provide client with eight ounces of fluid.

a) Obtain urine for culture and sensitivity.

Macrolides must be used with caution in clients who have which of the following conditions? a) Liver dysfunction b) Diabetes mellitus c) Glaucoma d) Hypertension

a) Liver dysfunction

Your client is being treated for streptococcal pharyngitis and is NPO. Her health care provider has ordered Penicillin G to be given IM. She wants to know why she cannot take her medications via an oral route. Your best response is: a) Penicillin G is inactivated by gastric acid, therefore it is only given IM or IV. b) Penicillin G can be given orally but requires higher doses. c) Penicillin G is no longer used for this problem. d) Penicillin G is inactivated by gastric acid, therefore it is only given IM.

a) Penicillin G is inactivated by gastric acid, therefore it is only given IM or IV.

A patient is started on sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim) for a urinary infection. What adverse effect should the nurse assess with this patient? a) Renal damage b) Liver toxicity c) Bone marrow depression d) Congestive heart failure

a) Renal damage

A 30-year-old woman who is in the first trimester of pregnancy has presented to her primary care provider with a 4-day history of a reddened, itchy left eye that is crusted with purulent exudate. The clinician suspects a bacterial, rather than viral, etiology. How will the patient's pregnancy affect the potential use of ciprofloxacin to treat her conjunctivitis? a) The use of ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in pregnancy. b) Ciprofloxacin is safe to use in pregnancy and the patient may use to same dose and route as a nonpregnant patient. c) It is safe for the patient to use topical ciprofloxacin but the oral route is potential teratogenic. d) The patient will require a lower dose and longer course of ciprofloxacin than a nonpregnant, adult patient.

a) The use of ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in pregnancy.

The nurse should question a client with ear pain about what factors? (Select all that apply.) a) change in hearing b) drowsiness c) feeling of fullness in the ear d) dizziness e) tinnitus

a) change in hearing c) feeling of fullness in the ear d) dizziness e) tinnitus

A client has been prescribed daptomycin for treatment of an infection. What instruction is most important for the nurse to tell this client? a) "Maintain a clear liquid diet while on the medication to prevent nausea." b) "Tell the physician immediately if you develop any muscle pain." c) "Take a laxative every day to prevent becoming constipated." d) "Expect that this medication may cause bloody diarrhea."

b) "Tell the physician immediately if you develop any muscle pain."

In general, progression from first-generation cephalosporins to fourth-generations results in which of the following? Select all that apply. a) An increase in the sensitivity of viral microorganisms. b) A decrease in the sensitivity of gram-positive microorganisms. c) An increase in sensitivity of gram-negative microorganisms. d) A decrease in sensitivity of gram-negative microorganisms. e) An increase in sensitivity of gram-positive microorganisms.

b) A decrease in the sensitivity of gram-positive microorganisms. c) An increase in sensitivity of gram-negative microorganisms.

Before the selection of an aminoglycoside to treat a client's wound infection, what would the nurse expect the physician to order? a) Complete blood count b) Culture and sensitivity c) Electrolyte panel d) White blood count

b) Culture and sensitivity

A patient has been prescribed a tetracycline drug for Rocky Mountain spotted fever. The patient also takes antacids. Which of the following effects is likely to occur due to an interaction between the two drugs? a) Increased profound respiratory depression b) Decreased absorption of tetracycline c) Increased risk of bleeding d) Increased action of neuromuscular-blocking drugs

b) Decreased absorption of tetracycline

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is prescribed ceftriaxone. What should the nurse identify as common adverse effects associated with this drug? a) Superinfections and phlebitis b) Diarrhea and nausea c) Headache and dizziness d) Lethargy and paresthesias

b) Diarrhea and nausea

A 75-year-old patient with a history of renal impairment is admitted to the primary health care center with a UTI and has been prescribed a cephalosporin. Which of the following interventions is most important for the nurse to perform when caring for this patient? a) Monitoring fluid intake. b) Monitoring blood creatinine levels. c) Testing for increased glucose levels. d) Testing for occult blood.

b) Monitoring blood creatinine levels.

A nurse is caring for a patient who has a serious infection. The patient is being treated with combination therapy of a cefazolin and an aminoglycoside. The nurse will be sure to monitor which of the following? a) Aspartate aminotransferase levels b) Serum BUN and creatinine levels c) Prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) d) Serum sodium and potassium levels

b) Serum BUN and creatinine levels

A 72-year-old client has been prescribed ciprofloxacin. What instruction for home care has the highest priority? a) Take this medication on an empty stomach. b) Take this medication with extra fluid. c) Take this medication with an antacid. d) Take this medication with food.

b) Take this medication with extra fluid.

A client is taking penicillin for an upper respiratory infection. The client calls the office after 2 days of therapy reporting nausea and abdominal pain. Which would be the best instruction for the nurse to give the client? a) Stop the medication and the physician will order you a different antibiotic. b) These are normal side effects, but if they increase in severity or frequency, you need to contact the office again. c) Stop the medication immediately and go to the emergency room; these could be signs of a life-threatening reaction. d) Continue to take the medication as prescribed; these are expected side effects from the medication.

b) These are normal side effects, but if they increase in severity or frequency, you need to contact the office again.

A client has a diagnosis of otitis media and has just begun antibiotic treatment. The client reports otalgia and has asked for medication. The nurse should anticipate the administration of: a) ketorolac. b) acetaminophen (Tylenol). c) hydromorphone (Dilaudid). d) morphine sulfate.

b) acetaminophen (Tylenol).

The physician is selecting an antibiotic for a patient with a known penicillin allergy. The physician knows that cephalosporins are a poor choice for this patient because cephalosporins: a) can cause kidney damage in patients who are allergic to penicillins. b) can cause allergic reactions in patients who are allergic to penicillins. c) are derived from penicillin. d) are ineffective in patients who are allergic to penicillins.

b) can cause allergic reactions in patients who are allergic to penicillins.

A patient has been prescribed oral tetracycline. The nurse will instruct the patient to take the drug a) with milk or fruit juice. b) on an empty stomach 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking any meals or other drugs. c) with a meal. d) at bedtime only.

b) on an empty stomach 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking any meals or other drugs.

The nurse is providing care for a teenager with otitis media. When assessing the patient for potentially adverse effects of Cortisporin Otic, what question should the nurse ask? a) "Has there been any blood that you've noticed in your outer ear?" b) "Have you been getting any headaches since you started taking the drops?" c) "Have you noticed any loss of hearing since you started taking the drops?" d) "Have you developed a fever since you started to use the ear drops?"

c) "Have you noticed any loss of hearing since you started taking the drops?"

A pregnant woman calls the clinic and asks if it is suitable to use ofloxacin otic drops that she used prior to pregnancy for a current ear infection. What would be an appropriate response from the nurse? a) "Ofloxacin drops are used in children, so it is probably okay to use when pregnant." b) "Otic medications are contraindicated during pregnancy. Do not take it." c) "Some medications are contraindicated in pregnancy, and ofloxacin is one of these medications." d) "If the infection seems the same, then you could try using the same prescription."

c) "Some medications are contraindicated in pregnancy, and ofloxacin is one of these medications."

A patient is allergic to penicillin and has been diagnosed with a genitourinary infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. Which of the following medications will be administered? a) Atazanavir (Reyataz) b) Acamprosate calcium (Campral) c) Erythromycin (Ery-Tab) d) Flumazenil (Mazicon)

c) Erythromycin (Ery-Tab)

The nurse is administering erythromycin to a patient. For what common side effects should the nurse monitor the patient? a) Urticaria and colitis b) Shortness of breath c) Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea d) Headache, fever, and itching

c) Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

Michael, 25 years old, has had mitral valve regurgitation since age four, after having rheumatic fever. Michael is planning to go to his dentist to have his teeth cleaned. Because of Michael's history he will need to take antibiotics in conjunction with this procedure to prevent bacteremia. Which class of antibiotics will Michael most likely receive if he has no allergies? a) Cephalosporin b) Tetracycline c) Penicillin d) Vancomycin

c) Penicillin

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV vancomycin. The nurse infuses the medication at the prescribed rate to prevent what from occurring? a) Cushing's syndrome b) Gray syndrome c) Red man syndrome d) Serotonin syndrome

c) Red man syndrome

The nurse has administered a client's first scheduled dose of amoxicillin after the client was diagnosed with acute otitis media. What subsequent assessment finding should prompt the nurse to discontinue the use of this drug? a) The client reports acid reflux. b) The client states having a frontal lobe headache. c) The client reports shortness of breath. d) The client feels nauseous.

c) The client reports shortness of breath.

A 25-year-old woman is being treated with penicillin G as prophylaxis to prevent bacterial endocarditis prior to a dental procedure. The nurse should question the patient concerning her the use of a) alcohol. b) nicotine. c) oral contraceptives. d) fats in her diet.

c) oral contraceptives.

A nurse teaching the patient with tuberculosis (TB) should include the following information about ethambutol: a) It can increase risk for bleeding. b) it can cause paralysis. c) It can cause urticaria. d) It can cause optic neuritis.

d) It can cause optic neuritis.

A nurse is assigned to care for a patient with TB who has been prescribed rifampin. Which of the following should the nurse ensure to confirm that rifampin is not contraindicated in the patient? a) Patient does not have diabetes mellitus b) Patient does not have severe hepatic damage c) Patient does not have acute gout d) Patient does not have renal impairment

d) Patient does not have renal impairment

A patient is being treated for a urinary tract infection with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim). What assessment should the nurse make prior to the administration of the medication? a) Asthma b) Hypertension c) Diabetes mellitus d) Renal insufficiency

d) Renal insufficiency

A group of students are reviewing information about drugs used to treat tuberculosis. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which drug as a first-line treatment option? a) Capreomycin b) Ciprofloxacin c) Kanamycin d) Rifampin

d) Rifampin