KNR 182
alveoli (division)
Respiratory division
pulmonary minute ventilation equation
Tidal volume * respiratory rate
Microscopic chambers at the end of bronchial tree responsible for gas exchange
alveoli
Tidal volume
amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath under resting conditions
residual volume
amount of air remaining in the lungs after a forced exhalation
Expiraotry reserve volume
amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation
inspiratory reserve volume
amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled after a normal tidal volume inhalation
renal fascia
an outer layer of dense fibrous connective tissue
During breathing the thorax increases in size
anteriorly, posteriorly, laterally, vertically
Airways that continually branching into smaller diameter passageways
bronchioles
the medial surface of the kidney is
concave
cilia (division)
conducting division
hyaline cartilage (division)
conducting division
larynx (division)
conducting division
mucus (division)
conducting division
nasal cavity (division)
conducting division
passageway for air flow (division)
conducting division
pharynx (division)
conducting division
secondary and segmental bronchi (division)
conducting division
smooth muscle (division)
conducting division
terminal bronchiole (division)
conducting division
Right and left primary bronchus (division)
conducting divison
oral cavity (division)
conduction division
trachea (division)
conduction division
the lateral surface of the kidney is
convex
The outermost portion of the kidney is called the renal
cortex
as urine is formed it flows through the collecting ducts to enter, in order, the following structures
minor calyces, major calyces, renal pelvis, ureter
In comparison to the conducting division, the respiratory division has ______ contact with the pulmonary blood flow
more/greater/larger
In comparison to the conducting division, the respiratory division has ______ proportion of the tidal volume
more/greater/larger
In comparison to the conducting division, the respiratory division has _______ surface area
more/greater/larger
name the structures in the kidney that produce urine
nephrons
kidneys
paired rogans located in the back of the abdomen
ureters
paired tubes that transport urine fro the kidneys to the urinary bladder
hyaline cartilage (location)
part of both upper and lower respiratory tract
passageway for air and food
pharynx
Produce lubricating fluid and compartmentalize lungs
pleura
Tidal volume: (see graph)
0.5 liters
residual volume: (see graph)
1.0 liters
expiratory reserve volume: (see graph)
1.5 liters
inspiratory reserve volume: (see graph)
2.0 liters
The mechanical change of the thoracic pump (i.e. thorax) while breathing results in a size/volume increase of:
25%
how many layers of support surrounding each kidney
3
vital capacity: (see graph)
4.0 liters
total lung capacity: (see graph)
5.0 liters
Alveoli (location)
Lower respiratory tract (lungs)
breathing rate
The total number of inspiratory/expiratory breathing cycles during a minute time frame
perirenal fat capsule
a fatty mass that surrounds the kidney and cushions it against blows
fibrous capsule
a transparent capsule that prevents infection and surrounding regions from spreading the the kidney
urethra
a tube that carries urine from the bladder to the body exterior
The vessel that supplies blood to the nephron is called the
afferent arteriole
The functions of the urinary system include
excreting nitrogenous wastes, maintaining electrolyte balance, and maintaining acid-base and fluid balance
abdnominals
expiratory muscle
internal intercostals
expiratory muscle
This structure is a capillary bed from which blood is filtered into the nephron
glomerulus
Part of the nephron in sequential order
glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop
The renal artery enters the kidney at this indented area
hilum
During exercise, pulmonary minute ventilation increases due to:
increased respiratory rate and tidal volume
Sternocleidomastoid
inspiratory muscle
diaphragm
inspiratory muscle
external intercostals
inspiratory muscle
pectoralis minor
inspiratory muscle
of the following urinary system organs, major homeostatic functions are performed by the
kidneys
Cartilaginous organ responsible for sound and speech production
larynx
In comparison to the conducting division, the respiratory division has ______ ciliated epithelial cells
less/smaller
In comparison to the conducting division, the respiratory division has ______ diameter vessels
less/smaller
In comparison to the conducting division, the respiratory division has ______ filtering and moistening capabilities
less/smaller
In comparison to the conducting division, the respiratory division has _______ smooth muscle
less/smaller
serous membrane
lines body cavities that are closed to the exterior
The organ responsible for the crowding of one of the kidneys resulting in one of the kidneys lying lower than the other is the
liver
Respiratory bronchiole (location)
lower respiratory tract (lungs)
Right and left primary bronchus (location)
lower respiratory tract (lungs)
alveolar duct (location)
lower respiratory tract (lungs)
gas exchange (location)
lower respiratory tract (lungs)
secondary and segmental bronchi (location)
lower respiratory tract (lungs)
surfactant (location)
lower respiratory tract (lungs)
Paired composite organs located within the pleural cavities of thorax
lungs
total lung capacity
maximum amount of air contained in the lungs after a maximum inspiratory effort
vital capacity
maximum amount of air that can be expired after a maximum inspiratory effort
Inspiratory capacity
maximum amount of air that can be inspired after a normal expiration
the vertical cleft on the medical surface of the kidney is called the
renal hilum
first portion of the airways that can be involved in gas exchange
respiratory bronchiole
Respiratory bronchiole (division)
respiratory division
Type I alveolar cells (division)
respiratory division
Type II alveolar cells (division)
respiratory division
alveolar duct (division)
respiratory division
gas exhange (division)
respiratory division
surfactant (division)
respiratory division
Kidneys lie in the
retroperitoneal cavity
urinary bladder
temporary storage reservoir for urine
passageways that represent the final portion of the conducting division of the respiratory system
terminal bronchiole
respiration
the processes involved in supplying the body with oxygen and removing carbon dioxide
Which statement is true?
the right kidney lies slightly lower than the left
Flexible, main airway leading into bronchial tree which is lined with hyaline cartilage
trachea
Larynx (location)
upper respiratory tract
Nasal cavity (location)
upper respiratory tract
Pharynx (location)
upper respiratory tract
oral cavity (location)
upper respiratory tract
sinuses
upper respiratory tract
trachea (location)
upper respiratory tract
functional residual volume
volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal tidal volume expiration
