Learnsmart Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1: Human A&P

Match the directional term to its opposite term 1. Superficial 2. Cranial 3. Ventral 4. Distal

1. Deep 2. Caudal 3. Dorsal 4. Proximal

Match the serous membrane to its corresponding organs(s) 1. Pleura 2. Pericardium 3. Peritoneum

1. Lungs 2. Heart 3. Digestive organs

Transverse plane

1. is also called a horizontal plane 2. divides the body to superior and inferior parts 3. cuts perpendicular to the long axis of the body

____ examines the RELATIONSHIPS among parts of the body aa well as the structure of individual organs

Anatomists

Anatomy or physiology? Describes the muscle layers in the wall of the small intestine

Anatomy

_____ tends to focus on the form and structure, while _____ focuses on the mechanisms and functions of these structures

Anatomy, Physiology

____ are the smallest units of matter having the chemical properties of the element

Atoms

The function of the heart, blood and blood vessels are examined

Cardiovascular physiology

Type of gross anatomy?: An examination of the differences in the anatomy of different species

Comparative Anatomy

Anatomy is the study or what?

Form and Structure

_____ anatomy is also called macroscopic anatomy

Gross

The anatomical term for lower back is

Lumbar

The anatomical term for mouth is ____ cavity

Oral

Serous membranes form 2 layers which are

Parietal and Visceral

The anatomical term for kneecap is

Patellar

Anatomy or physiology?Describes the mechanisms by which different nutrients are broken down

Physiology

In terms of anatomic directional terms, ____ means in back of or toward the back surface

Posterior

Type of gross anatomy?: An examination of the structures in a particular region

Regional Anatomy

A study of how gas exchange occurs

Respiratory physiology

Which anatomic plane, one that extends through the body vertically and divides structures into right and left portions, is often used to show internal body parts, especially in the head and thoracic organs?

Sagittal plane

Type of gross anatomy?: A focus on the internal body structures that relate to the skin covering them

Surface Anatomy

Type of gross anatomy?: A study of each body system

Systemic Anatomy

The anatomical term for ankle is

Tarsal

Histology

The microscopic study of tissues

Anatomists and physiologists use the scientific method to explain and understand the workings of the body.

True

The ____ covers the surfaces of most digestive organs

Visceral peritoneum

Visualizing the body in the ____ ____ is significant because all observers have a common point of reference when describing and discussing its regions

anatomical position

The anatomical tem for facial cheek is

buccal

The anatomical term for heel is

calcaneal

The anatomical term for wrist is

carpal

The anatomical term for head

cephalic

Visceral layer

covers the external surface of the organs

The anatomical term for hip is

coxal

The anatomical term for the calf area is ______

crural

The anatomical term for the lateral aspect of the lower leg is

fibular

The correct anatomic directional term meaning "toward the midline of the body" is

medial

The anatomical term for chin is

mental

A plane that passes through the body at an angle is called a(n)

oblique plane

The anatomical term for the diamond-shaped region between the thighs that contains the anus and selected external reproductive organs is

perineal

The anatomical term for the entire foot is

pes

The region to the right of the epigastric region

right hypochondriac

The region to the right of the hypogastric

right iliac

The anatomical term for the posterior region between the hip bones is

sacral

The _____ method refers to a systematic and rigorous process by which scientists develop and test a hypothesis

scientific

Serous membranes secrete a liquid called _____ within a serous cavity.

serous fluid (has the consistency of oil and serves as a lubricant when organs are moving and rubbing against each other

Control centers are generally portions of the

spinal cord, brain, thyroid gland

The heart and lungs are organs in the _____ cavity

thoracic

The anatomical term for navel is

umbilical

The anatomical term for spinal column is _____ column

vertebral

Type of gross anatomy?: A study of the developmental changes occurring from conception to birth

Embryology

The correct anatomical directional term for "closer to the feet" is

Inferior

Changes in blood pressure when exercising and changing breathing rate in response to an increase of CO2 are examples of

Negative feedback regulation

Physiology focuses on the molecular or cellular level to gain and understanding of how organ systems work

True

As the humans body grows in size, structures such as the brain become more complex

antebrachial (ulnar)

The anatomical term for front of the elbow is

antecubital

The chemical level of an organization is

composed of atoms and molecules

The anatomical term for fingers or toes is

digits

A coronal plane

divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

The ______ plane is vertical plane that divides the body and organ into anterior and posterior parts

frontal/coronal

The anatomical term for buttock is

gluteus

Parietal layer

lines the inner surface of the body wall

Organs of the abdominal cavity include the

liver, stomach

The study of tissues, or groups of cells and their surrounding extracellular materials is called

Histology

Which of the following describes one who studies the FUNCTION of body parts?

Physiologists

Between the parietal and visceral serous membrane layers is a potential space called the

Serous Cavity

The word anatomy is derived from the Greek word anatome, which could be described by which of the following?

To dissect, to cut up

The center of the nine regions

umbilical

How body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temp rises above normal 1. vigorous exercise raises body temp 2. organs in the skin detect heat 3. hypothalamus of brain sets body temp 4. blood vessels dilate, sweat glans secrete sweat 5. body temp returns to normal

1. stimulus 2. receptors 3. control center 4. effectors 5. homeostasis

A plane that is parallel to the midsagittal plane, but is either to the left or right of the midsagittal plane is termed a _____ plane

Sagittal

______ refers to the body's ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment in response to changing internal or external conditions

Homeostasis

An examination of nerve impulses that travel throughout the body

Neurophysiology

Gamete production and related hormones and physiologic cycles

Reproductive physiology

Subdivisions of the ventral cavity are lined up with ___ ____

Serous membranes

The anatomical term for the great toes is

hallux

The _____ region is composed of the upper and lower limbs

Appendicular

Regulating blood pressure, regulating heart rate, withdrawal reflex from stepping on glass are examples of

Negative feedback regulation

_____ examines the FUNCTIONS of the body and individual organs

Physiologists

Which plane separates the chest from the abdomen?

Transverse

T/F: Although there is only one midsagittal plane, there are multiple possibilities of sagittal planes

True

The anatomical term describing the groin is

inguinal

Which of the following body structures can serve as effectors?

insulin secreting cells of pancreas, smooth muscles of bronchioles

_____ means "in front of" when using anatomical directional terms

Anterior

Simplest to most complex

Cells-Tissues-Organs-Organ Systems-Organisms

The region above the umbilical region

epigastric

The production of new cells for growth, maintenance , and repair is an example of

Reproduction

The ______ is the central point when the abdomen is divided into 4 quadrants

Umbilicus