Learnsmart Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1: Human A&P
Match the directional term to its opposite term 1. Superficial 2. Cranial 3. Ventral 4. Distal
1. Deep 2. Caudal 3. Dorsal 4. Proximal
Match the serous membrane to its corresponding organs(s) 1. Pleura 2. Pericardium 3. Peritoneum
1. Lungs 2. Heart 3. Digestive organs
Transverse plane
1. is also called a horizontal plane 2. divides the body to superior and inferior parts 3. cuts perpendicular to the long axis of the body
____ examines the RELATIONSHIPS among parts of the body aa well as the structure of individual organs
Anatomists
Anatomy or physiology? Describes the muscle layers in the wall of the small intestine
Anatomy
_____ tends to focus on the form and structure, while _____ focuses on the mechanisms and functions of these structures
Anatomy, Physiology
____ are the smallest units of matter having the chemical properties of the element
Atoms
The function of the heart, blood and blood vessels are examined
Cardiovascular physiology
Type of gross anatomy?: An examination of the differences in the anatomy of different species
Comparative Anatomy
Anatomy is the study or what?
Form and Structure
_____ anatomy is also called macroscopic anatomy
Gross
The anatomical term for lower back is
Lumbar
The anatomical term for mouth is ____ cavity
Oral
Serous membranes form 2 layers which are
Parietal and Visceral
The anatomical term for kneecap is
Patellar
Anatomy or physiology?Describes the mechanisms by which different nutrients are broken down
Physiology
In terms of anatomic directional terms, ____ means in back of or toward the back surface
Posterior
Type of gross anatomy?: An examination of the structures in a particular region
Regional Anatomy
A study of how gas exchange occurs
Respiratory physiology
Which anatomic plane, one that extends through the body vertically and divides structures into right and left portions, is often used to show internal body parts, especially in the head and thoracic organs?
Sagittal plane
Type of gross anatomy?: A focus on the internal body structures that relate to the skin covering them
Surface Anatomy
Type of gross anatomy?: A study of each body system
Systemic Anatomy
The anatomical term for ankle is
Tarsal
Histology
The microscopic study of tissues
Anatomists and physiologists use the scientific method to explain and understand the workings of the body.
True
The ____ covers the surfaces of most digestive organs
Visceral peritoneum
Visualizing the body in the ____ ____ is significant because all observers have a common point of reference when describing and discussing its regions
anatomical position
The anatomical tem for facial cheek is
buccal
The anatomical term for heel is
calcaneal
The anatomical term for wrist is
carpal
The anatomical term for head
cephalic
Visceral layer
covers the external surface of the organs
The anatomical term for hip is
coxal
The anatomical term for the calf area is ______
crural
The anatomical term for the lateral aspect of the lower leg is
fibular
The correct anatomic directional term meaning "toward the midline of the body" is
medial
The anatomical term for chin is
mental
A plane that passes through the body at an angle is called a(n)
oblique plane
The anatomical term for the diamond-shaped region between the thighs that contains the anus and selected external reproductive organs is
perineal
The anatomical term for the entire foot is
pes
The region to the right of the epigastric region
right hypochondriac
The region to the right of the hypogastric
right iliac
The anatomical term for the posterior region between the hip bones is
sacral
The _____ method refers to a systematic and rigorous process by which scientists develop and test a hypothesis
scientific
Serous membranes secrete a liquid called _____ within a serous cavity.
serous fluid (has the consistency of oil and serves as a lubricant when organs are moving and rubbing against each other
Control centers are generally portions of the
spinal cord, brain, thyroid gland
The heart and lungs are organs in the _____ cavity
thoracic
The anatomical term for navel is
umbilical
The anatomical term for spinal column is _____ column
vertebral
Type of gross anatomy?: A study of the developmental changes occurring from conception to birth
Embryology
The correct anatomical directional term for "closer to the feet" is
Inferior
Changes in blood pressure when exercising and changing breathing rate in response to an increase of CO2 are examples of
Negative feedback regulation
Physiology focuses on the molecular or cellular level to gain and understanding of how organ systems work
True
As the humans body grows in size, structures such as the brain become more complex
antebrachial (ulnar)
The anatomical term for front of the elbow is
antecubital
The chemical level of an organization is
composed of atoms and molecules
The anatomical term for fingers or toes is
digits
A coronal plane
divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
The ______ plane is vertical plane that divides the body and organ into anterior and posterior parts
frontal/coronal
The anatomical term for buttock is
gluteus
Parietal layer
lines the inner surface of the body wall
Organs of the abdominal cavity include the
liver, stomach
The study of tissues, or groups of cells and their surrounding extracellular materials is called
Histology
Which of the following describes one who studies the FUNCTION of body parts?
Physiologists
Between the parietal and visceral serous membrane layers is a potential space called the
Serous Cavity
The word anatomy is derived from the Greek word anatome, which could be described by which of the following?
To dissect, to cut up
The center of the nine regions
umbilical
How body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temp rises above normal 1. vigorous exercise raises body temp 2. organs in the skin detect heat 3. hypothalamus of brain sets body temp 4. blood vessels dilate, sweat glans secrete sweat 5. body temp returns to normal
1. stimulus 2. receptors 3. control center 4. effectors 5. homeostasis
A plane that is parallel to the midsagittal plane, but is either to the left or right of the midsagittal plane is termed a _____ plane
Sagittal
______ refers to the body's ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment in response to changing internal or external conditions
Homeostasis
An examination of nerve impulses that travel throughout the body
Neurophysiology
Gamete production and related hormones and physiologic cycles
Reproductive physiology
Subdivisions of the ventral cavity are lined up with ___ ____
Serous membranes
The anatomical term for the great toes is
hallux
The _____ region is composed of the upper and lower limbs
Appendicular
Regulating blood pressure, regulating heart rate, withdrawal reflex from stepping on glass are examples of
Negative feedback regulation
_____ examines the FUNCTIONS of the body and individual organs
Physiologists
Which plane separates the chest from the abdomen?
Transverse
T/F: Although there is only one midsagittal plane, there are multiple possibilities of sagittal planes
True
The anatomical term describing the groin is
inguinal
Which of the following body structures can serve as effectors?
insulin secreting cells of pancreas, smooth muscles of bronchioles
_____ means "in front of" when using anatomical directional terms
Anterior
Simplest to most complex
Cells-Tissues-Organs-Organ Systems-Organisms
The region above the umbilical region
epigastric
The production of new cells for growth, maintenance , and repair is an example of
Reproduction
The ______ is the central point when the abdomen is divided into 4 quadrants
Umbilicus