Linux 010-160 (04)

______________ __ preserve the literal value of *most characters* contained within, exceptions include dollar sign for variables, single quote for single characters and backslash for escaping a character

Double quotes

Main parts of a Linux distribution

a) Linux kernel, b) core utilities, c) supplemental software, d) system services, e) software management

file types

a) plain files, b) directories, c) symbolic links, d) device files, e) F I F Os, f) Unix-domain sockets

a path that starts with the root directory

absolute path

searches man page for appearances of the keyword provided, equivalent of man dash k keyword

apropos keyword

tar dash c

c creates an archive file

You want to set the sticky bit on an existing directory, subdir, without otherwise altering its permissions

c h mod, o plus t, sub dir

What command would you type, as root, to change the ownership of a file?

c h own, new owner, name of file

c p option to copy directories with all their content

c p dash capital R

c p option to overwrite existing target files without prompting

c p dash f

c p option to ask once per file whether target files should be overwritten

c p dash i

c p option for verbose output

c p dash v

u name dash m

displays the machine type

hidden file within the home directory that contains a log of commands entered at the Bash prompt

dot bash underscore history

list all of the environment variables set for the current shell environment

e n v

displays the contents of the PATH environment variable

echo dollar sign path

re-runs command from .bash_history

exclamation point, history number

tar dash f

file name type of archive file

searches the file system for files that match the search criteria

find, path to folder, dash name, pattern

Lost Property, contains files that look reasonable but do not seem to belong to any directory

lost+found

__________ is used to preserve the literal value of *every character* contained within the quotes, including the escape character

Single quote

can be used to power off the machine, reboot or stop a pending power down request

shutdown

General Utilities, contains the most important executable programs which are necessary for the system to boot

slash bin

OS Kernel, contains the actual operating system

slash boot

Device Files, contains entries for device files

slash dev

Contains configuration files for most programs

slash e t c

stores system-wide environment and startup programs, used during a login shell

slash e t c slash profile

contains other scripts that contain application-specific startup files

slash e t c slash profile dot d

User Home Directories, contains the home directories of all users except root

slash home

System Libraries, contains the "shared libraries" used by programs in /bin and /sbin reside, as files and symbolic links

slash l i b

Access to Other Storage Media

slash m n t

Access to CD-ROM or Floppies

slash media

Window into the Kernel, contains data about running processes as well as other information the kernel possesses about the computer's hardware

slash p r o c

Administrator's Home Directory

slash root

Special System Programs, contains programs that are necessary to boot or repair the system

slash s bin

Server Files, contains files offered by various server programs

slash s r v

Hardware Control, contains a consistent view on the available hardware

slash s y s

Transient Files, contains programs' temporary data

slash t m p

Unchanging Files, contains programs and data files that are not essential for booting or repairing the system or otherwise indespensable

slash u s r

Dynamically Changing Files, contains dynamically changing files, distributed across different directories

slash v a r

which sort option will you use to specify a target file?

sort dash o

tar dash t

t means view content of archive file

lists summaries and related man pages based on search term, equivalent of man dash f command

what is command

identifies the location of executables

which

displays your currently logged in user

who am I

manual page topics

1) user commands, 2) system calls, 3) C language library functions, 4) device files and drivers, 5) configuration files and file formats, 6) games, 7) miscellaneous, 8) administrator commands, 9) kernel functions, n) "New" commands

Slack ware

A Linux distribution created by Patrick Volkerding in 1993, and is the oldest distribution that is still maintained.

a non quoted _______ is the ______ and preserves the *literal value of the next following character * with the single exception of newline n

Backslash Escape Character

three command modes in vi

Ex Command Insert

environment variable that modifies Bash's history behavior

HIST CONTROL

environment variable that specifies how many lines of history to keep

HIST FILE SIZE

manual page sections

NAME, SYNOPSIS, DESCRIPTION, OPTIONS, ARGUMENTS, FILES, EXAMPLES, SEE ALSO, DIAGNOSTICS, COPYRIGHT, BUGS

contains a list of all the directories that Bash will look in for applications or scripts to run

PATH environment variable

cut command does what?

Prints selected parts of lines from each file to output

cut dash d

Prints selected parts of lines then delimits, cuts, a portion of text with some character

grep dash capital E allows what?

Use of regular expressions in the grep command

i d command displays?

Username, Group memberships, U I D

which command deletes a group in linux

del group

internal commands

commands that are made available by the shell itself

external commands

commands that executed by shell by launching an executable file usually found in directories like slash bin or slash u s r slash bin

tar z

compressed g zip archive

grep command for displaying number of matching lines in a file

grep dash c

prints out words starting with M in the file name

grep dash capital E caret capital M file name

shuts down a system

halt or poweroff

command to describe in more detail an internal command

help command

displays commands saved with each command numbered

history

stores non-login user-specific functions and aliases

home slash dot bash r c

executes when a user logs out of a login shell, not a terminal

home slash dot bash underscore logout

information utility command

info command

commands types

internal and external

list files sorted by size with the largest at the top

l s dash capital S

a user wants to display file information in a human readable format

l s dash h

list in human-readable long format

l s dash l h

a user wishes to see a listing of size of their files

l s dash s

list files sorted by last time modified displaying the newest first, most useful with the -l switch

l s dash t

a user wants to display the list of all the users logged in and out since the file slash v a r slash log slash w t m p was created

last

l s dash capital R

list directories recursively

command to create a new directory with nested directories

m k dir dash p directory slash directory

you want to narrow a search in man for keywords

man dash k "KEYWORD"

command to display the search path for system manual pages

man path

sets the number of pings sent in linux

ping, dash c, number of pings, u r l or I P address

command to remove an empty existing directory with nested directories

r m dir dash p dash p directory slash directory

command to remove an existing empty directory

r m dir directory

tar dash r

r means append

a path that does not start with the root directory

relative path

what is used to set default file permissions for newly created files

u mask

displays the name of the system kernel

u name

displays all information that u name can show

u name dash a

displays the name of the operating system

u name dash o

A user wants to check what kernel release he has, what command should he use

u name dash r

A user wants to check what kernel name he has, what command should he use

u name dash s

A user wants to check what version his kernel is running on, what command should he use?

u name dash v

what is the curly brace used for?

used to match more than one pattern

creates a system account, has no directory

user add dash r

deletes a user that is currently logged on

user del dash f

removes a users home directory AND deletes the account

user del dash r

tar dash v

verbosely state .tar file progress

a user wants to check all the current users logged on to a Linux machine what cmd should they use?

w

to determine the number of files and folders?

w c dash l

to count the number of words

wc