Management Final Exam

The regular use of ________ can alert managers to potential problems and employees' intentions early enough to do something about them. A) employee engagement B) performance incentives C) employee benefit plans D) attitude surveys

D) attitude surveys

Which one of the following people management benefits arises from workplace diversity? A) improved system flexibility B) potential to increase market share C) increased understanding of the marketplace D) better use of employee talent

D) better use of employee talent

All other things being equal, the wider or larger the span of control, the more ________ an organization is. A) ambitious B) rigid C) mechanistic D) cost efficient

D) cost efficient

Strato Engineering, a technology product company, formed a team to develop the next generation of the company's model CVF-D. The team is composed of employees from various functional areas. This is a ________ team. A) problem-solving B) self-managed C) virtual D) cross-functional

D) cross-functional

When Brandi is sharing with her team members the information she received at this morning's production meeting, she is performing the Mintzberg role of ________. A) liaison B) monitor C) entrepreneur D) disseminator

D) disseminator

Falling interest rates are an example of what external force? A) change in composition of workforce B) change in employee attitudes C) technological change D) economic change

D) economic change

Juan is the person employees go to when knowledge of a topic was needed. Juan holds ________ power. A) legitimate B) reward C) referent D) expert

D) expert

A written statement that explains the job content, environment, and conditions of employment is called a ________. A) job specification B) job preview C) job manual D) job description

D) job description

To measure a leader's style, Fiedler developed the ________. A) contingency grid B) situational leadership theory C) managerial grid D) least-preferred co-worker questionnaire

D) least-preferred co-worker questionnaire

Julie is keen on joining Columbia University to pursue a master's degree in economics. However, after three months of applying and waiting for an acceptance letter, she finally decides to attend NYU, which was one of her backup colleges. This is an example of ________. A) maximizing B) neutralizing C) minimizing D) satisficing

D) satisficing

Under the concept of ________, the organization does what is required by the ________. A) social responsibility; competitive market B) social responsiveness; government C) socioeconomics; environment D) social obligation; law

D) social obligation; law

The Metropolis News has experienced a decline in the number of subscriptions to its printed newspaper over the last five years. It seems people prefer news feeds sent to their smartphones rather than a printed paper delivered to their homes. Which component in the external environment does this change represent? A) economic B) political C) demographic D) sociocultural

D) sociocultural

The Metropolis News has experienced a decline in the number of subscriptions to its printed newspaper over the last five years. It seems people prefer news feeds sent to their smartphones rather than a printed paper delivered to their homes. Which component in the external environment does this change represent? A) economic B) political C) demographic D) sociocultural

D) sociocultural

Discrimination refers to ________. A) a preconceived belief, opinion, or judgment toward a person or a group of people B) a tendency or preference toward a particular perspective or ideology C) judging a person based on a perception of a group to which that person belongs D) someone acting out their prejudicial attitudes toward people who are the targets of their prejudice

D) someone acting out their prejudicial attitudes toward people who are the targets of their prejudice

________ involves bringing individuals directly affected by the proposed change into the decision-making process. A) Participation B) Facilitation and support C) Delegation D) Manipulation and co-optation

A) Participation

14. ________ involves defining the organization's goals, establishing strategies for achieving those goals, and developing plans to integrate and coordinate work activities. A) Planning B) Leading C) Organizing D) Controlling

A) Planning

Bethany works for an international accounting firm noted for its superior quality of work. Employees check and double-check their work. The culture of this firm emphasizes ________. A) attention to detail B) outcomes C) people D) teams

A) attention to detail

Raw, unanalyzed facts are called ________. A) data B) information C) database D) factoids

A) data

The process through which the symbols of a message are translated by the receiver into a form that he or she can understand is called ________. term-5A) decoding B) encoding C) reinstating D) enciphering

A) decoding

If your team quickly painted the wall but discovered afterward it was the wrong wall, your team would be ________. A) efficient but ineffective B) efficient and effective C) effective but inefficient D) neither effective nor efficient

A) efficient but ineffective

An organization communicates openly to its employees about violent incidents in the workplace and what's being done to handle them. This is an example of a ________ control strategy. A) feedback B) reactive C) concurrent D) feedforward

A) feedback

Which one of the following is considered the most desirable type of control to prevent anticipated problems? A) feedforward control B) concurrent control C) feedback control) D)management by walking around

A) feedforward control

Underestimating the influence of external factors and overestimating the influence of internal factors when making judgments about others is known as the ________. A) fundamental attribution error B) self-serving bias C) locus of control error D) halo effect

A) fundamental attribution error

Ned has built his entrepreneurial venture into a successful business. Part of his original plan was to build the business then sell it to another company that could take it to the next level of success. In other words, Ned intends to ________ his business. A) harvest B) reap C) relinquish D) co-opt

A) harvest

Which one of the following is the type of power a person has because of his or her position in the formal organizational hierarchy? A) legitimate power B) coercive power C) reward power D) expert power

A) legitimate power

The greater the environmental uncertainty, the more an organization needs to become ________. A) organic B) mechanistic C) specialized D) departmentalized

A) organic

Organizational change is any alteration of ________. A) people, structure, or technology B) structure, management, or goals C) technology, goals, or management D) rules, procedures, or management

A) people, structure, or technology

Barry wants to use a tool that makes the data easy to visualize and is effective for showing relationships. Which one of the following tools is best suited for this? A) personal observation B) spreadsheets C) written reports D) statistical reports

A) personal observation

"Smoking and the consumption of alcohol are strictly prohibited inside the work Premises." This is most likely an example of a(n) ________. A) rule B) objective C) procedure D) policy

A) rule

Whenever anyone praises Mark for his good performance, he has the tendency to attribute his success to his personal qualities such as his ability to thrive under pressure and his eye for detail. However, any negative performance feedback is always met with excuses such as unsupportive team members or insufficient time. This is an example of the ________. A) self-serving bias B) confirmation bias C) representation bias D) hindsight bias

A) self-serving bias

Individuals have the tendency to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually. Which one of the following concepts relates most closely to this behavior? A) social loafing B) role conflict C) role ambiguity D) nonconformity

A) social loafing

Home prices in the area in which your real estate office operates have increased only gradually for the past several years. However, you have noticed that demand for housing in the area usually spikes in summer. Which of the following best describes your business environment? A) stable and simple B) dynamic and simple C) stable and complex D) dynamic and complex

A) stable and simple

For a new project, Eldon forms a team of individuals from various functional departments. After a few days Eldon observes conflicts within the group over who will control it and what the group needs to be doing. This team is now in the ________ stage of group development . A) storming B) forming C) performing D) norming

A) storming

When supermarkets and other retailers use scanners that provide instant inventory information, they are adopting ________ changes. A) technological B) people C) efficiency D) structural

A) technological

Which one of the following is true of a person who believes that "the ends justify the means"? A) He is likely to be low on self-confidence. B) He is likely to be high in Machiavellianism. C) He is likely to have an external locus of control. D) He is likely to be risk averse.

B) He is likely to be high in Machiavellianism.

To help her new supervisors remember the concept of reinforcement theory, Carol told them to remember this: ________. A) What gets measured gets monitored B) What gets rewarded gets repeated C) Whatever can go wrong, will D) No good deed goes unpunished

B) What gets rewarded gets repeated

In which stage of group development does the group focus its attention on wrapping up activities instead of task performance? A) storming B) adjourning C) forming D) norming

B) adjourning

Which one of the following describes the leadership style in which a leader tends to centralize authority, dictate work methods, make unilateral decisions, and limit employee participation? A) participative style B) autocratic style C) democratic style D) laissez-faire style

B) autocratic style

Bruce will be making a presentation to the senior management team to encourage them to support efforts to improve the company's diversity policies and practices. One of the more compelling arguments he can use is ________. A) companies with exclusive practices experienced higher profits B) companies with inclusive practices outperformed their competitors C) Federal law does not require companies to make accommodations for LBGT employees D) the company will likely lose market share if it does not improve its practices

B) companies with inclusive practices outperformed their competitors

The CEO is meeting with his top managers to determine how best to compete successfully in the company's market. This group is developing the company's ________. A) strategy B) competitive advantage C) strengths and weaknesses D) opportunities and threats

B) competitive advantage

If human resource planning shows a surplus of employees, management can reduce the organization's workforce through ________. A) recruitment B) decruitment C) increased workweeks D) reduced job sharing

B) decruitment

At Chemetron, all the accounting people share one large work area; all the quality control people are housed in a large office next to the production floor; and maintenance has its own space at the back of the building. Chemetron is using ________. A) departmental specialization B) functional departmentalization C) process departmentalization D) product specialization

B) functional departmentalization

If Mary's company decides to open another company in France but centralizes its management in the United States, it would be considered a ________. A) transnational corporation B) global company C) borderless organization D) multidomestic corporation

B) global company

In ________, a company grows by combining with competitors. A) concentrated integration B) horizontal integration C) vertical integration D) lateral integration

B) horizontal integration

Brandon is telling his coworkers what he learned at the technical seminar he recently attended. Brandon is using communication to ________. A) negotiate B) inform C) regale D) motivate

B) inform

Joan needs to eliminate some employees for a short while. She and her managers identify those employees who are not meeting performance expectations and explain that this termination is temporary but they are encouraged to seek other positions elsewhere. How is Jane trying to reduce the size of the workforce here? A) firing B) layoffs C) reduced workweeks D) early retirements

B) layoffs

The ________ ratios measure an organization's ability to meet its current debt obligations. A) activity B) liquidity C) leverage D) profitability

B) liquidity

Recruitment is the process of ________. A) moving employees laterally to reduce intra-organizational supply-demand imbalances B) locating, identifying, and attracting capable applicants C) screening job applicants to determine who is the best D) selecting candidates to fill open positions

B) locating, identifying, and attracting capable applicants

In the ________ approach of going green, organizations respond to the environmental preferences of customers. A) legal B) market C) stakeholder D) activist

B) market

Tom is responsible for project managers who supervise others who perform manual work. He reports to a vice president on another continent. Tom is a ________. A) first line manager B) middle manager C) top manager D) nonmanager

B) middle manager

An individual is likely to resist change because of the feeling ________. A) of achievement B) of uncertainty C) of personal gain D) that the change is in the organization's best interest

B) of uncertainty

Short-term plans are those covering ________ or less. A) three years B) one year C) six months D) five years

B) one year

Brutus' Fried Chicken patented the recipe for the spices used in the coating of the chicken. The patent protection lasts for 17 years. Brutus' Fried Chicken will view this patent protection as a(n) ________. A) threat until the patent expires B) opportunity during the time of the patent protection C) weakness because the patent cannot be renewed D) cost of doing business

B) opportunity during the time of the patent protection

The human resources manager is meeting with the production manager to write job descriptions and to decide how to group jobs for a new production line. These two are engaged in ________. A) planning B) organizing C) leading D) controlling

B) organizing

If Kraft Foods hired a consultant to decrease group friction and enhance cooperative work relationships, this would be an example of managing ________ changes. A) technological B) people C) financial D) structural

B) people

Which one of the following sources of information for measuring performance is time consuming, obtrusive, and subject to personal biases? A) oral reports B) personal observations C) statistical reports D) written reports

B) personal observations

Which of the following perceptions do employers typically have of older employees? A) lack of sound judgment B) resistance to new technology C) weak work ethic D) better attendance

B) resistance to new technology

When an organization continues serving the same clients by offering the same product or service, maintaining market share, and sustaining the organization's current business operations, it is following a ________ strategy. A) renewal B) stability C) retrenchment D) growth

B) stability

In an organization, the single independent businesses which formulate their own competitive strategies are known as ________. A) strategic growth units B) strategic business units C) strategic profit units D) service units

B) strategic business units

When making editorial decisions for his newspaper, the owner/editor mostly picks issues that are in line with his political beliefs and those that his advertisers approve of despite his publicly stated goal "to be a champion for free speech and for the development of the community." This indicates that ________. A) the company's strategic goals do not leave any room for interpretation B) the company's stated goals are not its real goals C) the company's goals are directional in nature D) the company's financial goals derive from its strategic goals

B) the company's stated goals are not its real goals

Employees who raise ethical concerns or issues in an organization are known as ________. A) employee-volunteers B) whistle-blowers C) entrepreneurs D) philanthropist

B) whistle-blowers

________ refers to the ability to combine ideas in a unique way or to make unusual associations between ideas. A) Innovation B) Alteration C) Creativity D) Change

C) Creativity

Bill, a manager in a manufacturing firm in New York, has a tendency to view the world only through his U.S.-based perspective. What can be deduced about his attitude? A) He has an elitist attitude. B) He has a polycentric attitude. C) He has a parochialistic attitude. D) He has a geocentric attitude.

C) He has a parochialistic attitude

Alex was classified as an achievement-oriented leader by his team. Which one of the following would describe Alex's leadership style best? A) He lets subordinates know what's expected of them, schedules work to be done, and gives specific guidance on how to accomplish tasks. B) He shows concern for the needs of his subordinates and is friendly. C) He sets challenging goals and expects subordinates to perform at their highest level. D) He consults with subordinates and uses their suggestions before making a decision.

C) He sets challenging goals and expects subordinates to perform at their highest level.

________ has been described as the shared values, principles, traditions, and ways of doing things that influence the way organization members act. A) Corporate hierarchy B) Business configuration C) Organization culture D) Industrial psychology

C) Organization culture

If top management set a goal that each store in the company should have sales equal to or greater than $100 per square foot per day, this would be an example of ________. A) a strategic plan B) a directional plan C) a financial goal D) a strategic goal

C) a financial goal

Edward is the cheerleader type, always smiling, never makes an unkind statement, always looks for the good in people and situations. Edward is high in ________. A) emotional stability B) feeling C) agreeableness D) perception

C) agreeableness

An organization's mission states that it "is committed to reducing its environmental footprint" and its facilities comply with statutory environmental regulations. This is an instance of how ________. A) strategic goals help shape financial goals B) long-term goals differ from short-term goals C) an organizations stated goals align with its real goals D) a company's real goals are derived from its mission statement

C) an organizations stated goals align with its real goals

If a manager investigates how and why performance has deviated beyond the acceptable range of variation, and then corrects the source of the deviation, she is using ________. A) feedback control B) immediate corrective action C) basic corrective action D) concurrent control

C) basic corrective action

Samantha is a single mom and the administrative assistant for the marketing department. Her son's soccer games begin right after school so Samantha often has to choose between supporting her son at his games and working. Samantha is experiencing role ________. A) overload B) ambiguity C) conflict D) clarity

C) conflict

The major value-creating capabilities of the organization are known as its ________. A) strengths B) competitive advantages C) core competencies D) resources

C) core competencies

Belinda wants to introduce a new model to the product line. Three models are being developed. Belinda can choose only one. She has decided to focus on target market size, production costs, and net profits. These are Belinda's ________. A) alternatives B) criterion weights C) decision criteria D) problems

C) decision criteria

A manager who wishes to be successful in international business should avoid a(n) ________ attitude. A) multicultural B) multiracial C) ethnocentric D) geocentric

C) ethnocentric

Bill expects his employees to wonder "What's in it for me?" when he assigns extra tasks to them, so he is ready with an answer about the reward for their work. Bill is a(n) ________ leader. A) situational B) transformational C) transactional D) charismatic

C) transactional

Good communication occurs only when the recipient ________. A) agrees with the sender's message B) acknowledges the message C) understands the speaker's meaning D)makes eye contact with the speaker

C) understands the speaker's meaning

In the early 20th century, automobiles were made one at a time by craftsmen who could perform every operation necessary to build the car. Henry Ford decided to limit the number of tasks each worker performed so each person could become expert in his position. With this practice, Ford introduced ________. A) departmentalization B) work specialization C) centralization D) formalization

B) work specialization

Calvin's goals for the coming year include specific targets for increasing market share and quantity of units shipped. If he succeeds, he will be handsomely rewarded. If he fails, he is likely to be replaced. Judging from this, it would appear that Calvin's employer subscribes to the ________. A) symbolic view of management B)omnipotent view of management C) impotent view of management D) omniscient view of management

B)omnipotent view of management

The first phase of the human resource management process involves ________. A) human resource planning, compensation, and benefits B) human resource planning, selection, and performance management C) human resource planning, recruitment and decruitment, and selection D) human resource planning, recruitment and decruitment, and orientation

C) human resource planning, recruitment and decruitment, and selection

Natalya operates a retail store in Romania. She buys consumer electronics from vendors in China and Japan to sell in her store. Natalya is engaging in ________, A) global sourcing B) licensing C) importing D) franchising

C) importing

When Sam Walton visited his Walmart stores, he would often lead the employees in cheers and give inspiring speeches. Sam knew the importance of ________ skills. A) decisional B) technical C) interpersonal D) conceptual

C) interpersonal

Intuitive decision making ________. A) is the systematic use of the best available evidence to improve decision making practice B) generally results in poor decisions and hence managers should learn to ignore their gut feelings C) is the process of making decisions based on experience, feelings, and accumulated judgment D) complements rational decision making but not bounded rational decision making

C) is the process of making decisions based on experience, feelings, and accumulated judgment

Pat is very happy with her team of 15 customer care representatives who've all been consistently performing well. Customer feedback was impressive and Pat is planning to give them good bonuses this time around. As a manager, Pat believes it is important to let her subordinates know when she is happy with their work. She does so, and also calls a meeting to discuss what they can do to improve further. Pat is using communication for ________. A) decision making B) negotiation C) motivation D) expressing emotion

C) motivation

If a firm wants to become more adaptive and flexible, which of the following organizational structures is it likely to prefer? A) formalized B) mechanistic C) organic D) centralized

C) organic

At the ________ level of moral development, individuals define moral values apart from the authority of the groups to which they belong or society in general. A) preconventional B) conventional C) principled D) unconventional

C) principled

In the context of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, when a company has a space where employees can meet during breaks and catch up with each other, the company is taking care of the employees' ________ needs. A) safety B) self-actualization C) social D) psychological

C) social

Which one of the following refers to a prestige grading, position, or rank within a group? A) role B) stature C) status D) membership

C) status

What positive perception do employers typically have of older employees? A) enthusiastic towards new technology B) open to change C) strong work ethic D) flexible and adaptable

C) strong work ethic

The meaning of "glass" that is used in the term "glass ceiling" signifies ________. A) the gulf in opportunities and rewards afforded to male and female employees that can be "seen through" easily B) that the perceived barrier to top management positions is brittle and vulnerable to changes at the topmost organizational levels C) that whatever is blocking the way for women to attain top management positions is not immediately apparent D) that organizations maintain a transparent ethos when defining management roles assigned to male and female employees

C) that whatever is blocking the way for women to attain top management positions is not immediately apparent

When one gas station lowers its price a penny, the station on the other corner of the intersection lowers its price, followed by the gas stations on the next block, and so on, until nearly every gas station in town has lowered its prices. This situation illustrates ________. A) intense rivalry among competitors B) a differentiation strategy C) the threat of substitutes D) a cost leadership strategy

C) the threat of substitutes

Celine feels that the form of marketing their company is using isn't working anymore. Merle disagrees vehemently. Those in the company who view the conflict over the marketing strategy as bad and harmful have a(n) ________ view of conflict. A) human relations B) relational C) traditional D) interactionist

C) traditional

In ________, goals set by top managers flow down through the organization and become subgoals for each organizational area. A) management by objectives B) management by observation C) traditional goal setting D) traditional planning

C) traditional goal setting

Alfredo believes that the CEO is no better than the janitor of the organization and neither should receive preferential treatment. Using the GLOBE model, what can we infer about Alfredo's culture? A) Alfredo's culture is high in power distance. B) Alfredo's culture is high in assertiveness. C) Alfredo's culture is low in low in humane orientation. D) Alfredo's culture is low in power distance.

D) Alfredo's culture is low in power distance.

________ refers to how standardized an organization's jobs are and the extent to which employee behavior is guided by rules and procedures. A) Specialization B) Centralization C) Decentralization D) Formalization

D) Formalization

What can be said about a manager who believes that she can work hard and will meet the productivity goals of her organization despite unfavorable conditions? A) She has an external locus of control. B) She has a high ego strength. C) She has a weak ego strength. D) She has an internal locus of control.

D) She has an internal locus of control.

Which one of the following represents a change in technology? A) Most business communication involves email. B) Electricity is produced by generating plants that burn coal. C) Bold, bright colors in clothing and wall paint have largely replaced neutrals. D) The participation rate of the U.S. labor force is at its lowest point in the last 40 years.

D) The participation rate of the U.S. labor force is at its lowest point in the last 40 years.

Nike, Inc. is a sportswear and equipment manufacturer that serves a multitude of sports disciplines. Which one of the following statements from Nike would be the best example of a strategic goal? A) a ten percent increase in average annual sales B) a seven percent increase in average annual income C) achieving a return on investment of 17 percent D) accelerating growth through focused execution

D) accelerating growth through focused execution

According to the three-needs theory, the need for ________ is the drive to succeed and excel in relation to a set of standards. A) control B) affiliation C) power D) achievement

D) achievement

In the statement, "The highway is very busy at 5 p.m., and is scary to drive on, so I'll wait 5 until 7 p.m. to go home," the word "scary" represents which component of an attitude? A) cognitive B) behavioral C) practical D) affective

D) affective

When Terrence explained to the employees why layoffs were necessary, he spoke about return on investment, debt, and cash flow-terms his shareholders clearly understood. But his employees had no clue what he meant. Terrence's explanation would have been more effective if he had ________. A) used flow charts and other visuals B) skipped the reasons and explained the method of selection for layoffs C) spoken louder D) tailored the language to the audience

D) tailored the language to the audience

Paul, the HR manager, works in the Townsville plant and reports to the plant manager there, but he also reports to the corporate HR director in Cityburg. This reporting structure violates the principle of ________. A) division of authority B) unity of purpose C) chain of command D) unity of command

D) unity of command