Mastering Microbiology Ch 8 --Bauman 5th Ed
In general, how might recombinant DNA technology be used to prevent a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in a single gene?
To insert a desirable gene, remove an undesirable gene, or replace a defective gene with a functioning gene
Plants or animals that contain genes from other organisms are called __________ organisms.
Transgenic -Transgenic organisms contain genes from other organisms. An example of this would be a plant that contains bacterial genes that keep the plant from freezing.
Which of the following statements regarding vectors is FALSE?
Vectors are generally over 100,000 base pairs in size.
Which of the following is an example of xenotransplantation?
implanting pig heart valves into a human heart
Xenotransplants
involving Recombinant DNA technology, human genes would be inserted into animals to produce cells, tissues, or organs for introduction into the human body
Mutagens are useful in biotechnology research for
producing organisms with altered phenotypes
Recombinant DNA technology
Aka Genetic engineering is a collection of tools and techniques scientists use to manipulate the genomes of organisms to benefit humans.
DNA encoding a normal gene is inserted into cells from a patient with a defective form of the gene. Recombinant cells are identified and isolated, and returned to the patient's body. This is an example of
Gene Therapy
Which application of recombinant DNA technology involves replacing a nonfunctional, mutated gene with a functional gene?
Gene Therapy
Genomics is the sequencing, analysis, and comparison of __________.
Genome
Why would a recombinant DNA molecule be inserted into a host cell?
It can be copied, transcribed, and translated into a desired protein.
Which of the following statements is true concerning Recombinant DNA Technology
It involves modification of an organism's genome.
A(n) __________ is any chemical or physical agent that produces mutations.
Mutagen
__________ make good vectors because they are more stable inside cells than are linear fragments of DNA.
Plasmids
Gel Electrophoresis is used in
Southern Blotting
Vector
a small DNA molecule (such as viral genome, transposon, or plasmid) that carries a particular gene and a recognizable genetic marker into a cell. transmits diseases ie mosquitos
Gel Electrophoresis
a technique for separating molecules (including fragments of nucleic acids) by size, shape, and electrical charge.
Gene Therapy
a technique that replaces a gene into a cell to correct a hereditary disease or to improve the genome
Transgenic Organisms
aka- genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are plants and animals that have been genetically altered by the inclusion of genes from other organisms.
Which of the following is generally NOT considered an ethical issue regarding recombinant DNA technology?
answering basic research questions
Mutagens
are physical or chemical agents that can produce mutations (heritable changes in the nucleotide sequence of a genome).
A DNA gene synthesized from an RNA template is
complementary DNA
Transgenic organisms
contain genes from other organisms
The process of identifying individuals by their unique DNA sequences as determined by a pattern of fragments on an electrophoresis gel is called DNA __________.
fingerprinting
During gel electrophoresis, __________ DNA molecules move faster than __________ DNA molecules.
smaller; larger
The enzyme reverse transcriptase
synthesizes DNA from an RNA template