MCAT commonly missed questions

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anion exchange

(+) residues that bind to negative substrate

anionic

(-) charged

cation exchanges

(-) residues that bind to positive residues

Glycerol

3 hydroxyl groups; backbone of triglycerides

good buffer in regards to pKa

Has a pKa within 1 pH unit of desired experimental protocols

Reducing sugars

Hemiacetal group that can undergo ring-opening with aldehyde intermediate (ex maltose, lactose, cellobiose) does not include sucrose

sp2

double bond

frequency equation

f=v/wavelength (v = velocity)

Non disjunction

failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during anaphase 1 or sister chromosomes during anaphase 2 of meiosis

conformation bias

interpreting new information as supporting one's existing beliefs (stronger in emotionally charged topics)

increase oxidation number

oxidation

social stratification

people grouped based on their power, income, social standing

periphery nation

less economically with weak governments and institutions (opposite of core nation)

resting charge of axons

negative

proactive interference

previously learned information (long term memory) interferes with learning new information

radioactive decay

radioactive nuclei decay into daughter nuclei (may or may not be radioactive)

euchromatin

readily available for transcription

sp3

single bonds

sympathetic nervous system

the 3 Fs

3200-3500

-OH stretching

cytochrome c

1 e- carrier

How to find stereoisomers

2(^n) where n=chiral centers

Purines

A and G

pyrimidines

C & T

1580-1610

C=C (conjugated or aromatic) stretching

1700-1750

C=O stretching

Energy of a photon

E=hf

Frequency equation

E=hf

catalytic efficiency

Kcat/Km

Kt

Kt equivalent to Km; substrate concentration at which the reaction rate it 1/2 of the maximal transport capacity (Jmax)

Equation for power

P=W/t

James Lanage theory of emotion

Physiological arousal precedes the emotion

Primers for PCR

Primers have high GC content and GC base pairs at 5' and 3' ends

Archimedes principle

Wair/(Wair-Wwater)

precipitation

[A][B] > K(sp)

cultural relativism

a person's beliefs, cultures, and practices should be judged against their own culture rather

microfilamints

actin

quantum number "n"

approximate radial size of e- cloud also PE of e-

relationship of temperature and resistance

as temperature increases resistance also increases

Pyruvate kinase

catalyzes ADP to ATP

protease

cleaves hydrolytic bonds in polypeptide chains

beta particle

electron

conflict theory

emphasizes social relations in regards to power, capital and status as the driving forces in society

Phosphatases

enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphate

Fatty acid

hydrocarbon tail with carboxylic acid

anomie

lack of social norms leading to breakdown between individual and group (no group leader)

K(m)

measure of binding affinity

operationalized

measuring a phenomenon that is not directly measurable.

NADPH

reducing agent (gets oxidized and loosed e)

decrease in oxidation number

reduction

boiling point

temperature that surface pressure equals vapor pressure

Kinase

transferase (catalyzes transfer of Phosphate groups from ATP to target protein)

electrical field lines

travel from (+) to (-). Direction a (+) would go in.

V(max) on Lineweaver-Burk plot

y-intercept = (1/Vmax)


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