Medical Sociology Final Exam Study Guide

Prior to the 1900s, physicians in the United States lacked: 1. A service orientation 2. Lengthy training in specialized knowledge. 3. Male dominance 4. The desire to help patients 5. All of the above

2. Lengthy training in specialized knowledge

In the U.S., health care tends to be viewed as: A. A privilege based on ability to pay for a commodity B. A privilege based on citizenship C. A right granted regardless of living conditions or financial status D. A right based on participation in capitalists markets E. None of the above

A. A privilege based on ability to pay for a commodity

The Flexner Report reviewed the state of: A. American Medical Education B. The AMA C. The professionalization of physicians D. Infectious disease E. None of the above

A. American Medical Education

At the beginning of the 21st century we are witnessing that the dominance of medical profession is : A. Declining B. Expanding C. Increasing D. Stagnating E. None of the above

A. Declining

What is an illness behavior?

Activity undertaken by a person who feels ill for the purpose of defining that illness and seeking relief from it.

Two criticisms of Parson's Sick Role include:

Applies to acute illnesses and doesn't explain chronic illness well. Does not account for variations in the patient-physician relationship. Applies primarily to middle-class persons.

What country has the 2nd most expensive health care in the world (after the US)? A. Taiwan B. Switzerland C. Germany D. UK

B. Switzerland

Discuss why sociologists describe illness as a state of deviance

Being ill can disrupt normal social functioning and it is generally viewed as undesirable by both individuals and society

What is the central rule of the doctor-nurse game? A. Communicate clearly and succinctly B. Only speak in private C. Avoid open disagreement between the players D. Ignore existing power structures E. Only speak in public

C. Avoid open disagreement between the players

Of the following, which area of the UK health system needs improvement according to the critics of the NHS? A. Primary Care B. Emergency Care C. Elective Care

C. Elective Care

Florence Nightengale's nursing students: A. Were taught to be unengaged B. Were taught working class ideals C. Were taught the best qualities of ministers and doctors D. Were taught the best qualities of mothers and housekeepers E. Were seen as professional leaders

D. were taught the best qualities of mothers and housekeepers

Which group may hold doctorates in their fields? A. Nurses B. Physical Therapists C. Pharmacists D. Nutritionists E. All of the Above

E. All of the above

Name the reason British general practitioners receive bonuses under the NHS system

Healthy Patients

What is self-care?

Layperson's efforts to prevent, detect, and treat health problems May involve consult with healthcare provider

Which racial/ethnic minority has the lowest rates of health insurance?

Mexican-Americans

What is habitus and who came up with the idea?

Pierre Bourdieu came up with habitus as a class related set of durable dispositions to act in particular ways

British doctors and hospitals are not allowed to compete for profits. What do they compete for according to the PBS special?

SURVIVAL

What is the most common response to symptoms of illness around the world?

Self-care

Name the primary reason Japanese health care is so inexpensive.

The Japanese Health Ministry tightly controls the PRICES of all health care services and goods

In what way might the US subsidize the health care system of Switzerland?

The US for-profit market of pharmaceuticals (many of which are made in switzerland)

Which socioeconomic group tends to have the highest rates of no insurance?

The working poor

Why did the German doctors organize and protest the government in the spring of 2006?

they felt they were being undervalued and underpaid

What is the average length of a doctor's visit for primary care needs in Japan?

3 minutes per visit on average

The status and prestige accorded to the physician is recognition of the physician's expertise concerning one of society's most essential functions-the definition and treatment of health problems A. True B. False

A. True

True or False: In Germany, no one has to pay a copay for health care except for pregnant women because their condition is self-selected.

False

Why does Taiwan have the lowest administrative costs in the world?

Two reasons 1. single payer insurance system 2. mandatory use of "smart-cards"--individualized health records on a card that the Taiwanese use to bill the national health system and track health