MIS2
Types of Information Systems
1. Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) 2. Management Information Systems (MIS) 3. Decision Support Systems (DSS) 4. Executive Support Systems (ESS) Relationships of Systems Enterprise Applications
Knowledge Management Systems (KMS)
A firms knowledge is part of their Intellectual Property (IP) Support processes for acquiring, creating, storing, distributing, applying, and integrating knowledge How to create, produce, distribute products and services Collect internal knowledge and experience within firm and make it available to employees Link to external sources of knowledge Internal Wiki Sites / SharePoint
Management Information Systems MIS
Academic Context Systems Context
Global E-Business & Collaboration?
Businesses can be viewed as a collection of processes, both functional and cross-functional. Processes may be assets or liabilities. Organizations consist of resources (people), processes and data.
Business Process & Information?
Collection of activities required to produce a product or service. (conduct business) Process Improvement / Quality Control (OM/OR)
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems
Collects data from different firm functions and stores data in single central data repository
Business Intelligence?
Data and software tools for organizing, analyzing, and providing access to data. Used to help managers and other enterprise users make more informed decisions. Addresses the decision-making needs of all levels of management.
DSS
Decision Support Systems
What types of Information Systems (E-Systems) are there? (3)
E-Business E-Commerce E-Government
Software Tools for Collaboration & Teamwork
Email and Instant Messaging Social Networking Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc. Wikis (Knowledge Management Systems) Intranet Sites Virtual Meeting Systems Cisco Tele-presence LiveMeeting / WebEx Google Apps / Google Sites / Google Groups Microsoft SharePoint Lotus Notes Enterprise Social Networking Tools
What automate processes that span multiple business functions and organizational levels and may extend outside the organization?
Enterprise Applications
ERP
Enterprise Resource Planning Systems
ESS
Executive Support Systems
Information technology enhances business processes in two main ways:
Increasing the efficiency of existing processes Enabling entirely new processes that are capable of transforming the business
The Information Systems Function in Business
Information systems department: - Formal organizational unit responsible for information technology services - Often headed by chief information officer (CIO) Other senior positions include chief security officer (CSO), chief knowledge officer (CKO), chief privacy officer (CPO) - Programmers - Systems analysts - Information systems managers - End users - IT Governance/ Application Governance
IP
Intellectual Property
Supply Chain Management (SCM) Systems
Manage firm's relationships with suppliers Share information about Orders, production, inventory levels, delivery of products and services Goal of SCM Right amount of products to destination with least amount of time and lowest costs May also be used to manage personnel resources Suppliers may be contracting/consulting firms
Business Intelligence Systems (3 of them)
Management Information Systems Decision Support Systems Executive Support Systems
Examples of functional business processes
Manufacturing & Production Sales and Marketing Finance & Accounting Human Resources
Executive Support Systems ESS
Support senior management Address non-routine decisions Requiring judgment, evaluation, and insight Incorporate data about external events (e.g. new tax laws or competitors) as well as summarized information from internal MIS and DSS Example: Digital dashboard with real-time view of firm's financial performance: working capital, accounts receivable, accounts payable, cash flow, and inventory
Enterprise Applications
Systems for linking the enterprise Span functional areas Execute business processes across firm Include all levels of management Improves productivity and flexibility 1. Enterprise System (Enterprise Resource Planning System) 2. Supply Chain Management Systems 3. Customer Relationships Management Systems 4. Knowledge Management Systems
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
Perform and record daily routine transactions necessary to conduct business. Examples: Sales Order Entry, Shipping & Receiving, Payroll, Call Center System
Customer Relationship Management Systems
Provide information to coordinate all of the business processes that deal with customers in sales, marketing, and service to optimize revenue, customer satisfaction, and customer retention Integrate firm's customer-related processes and consolidate customer information from multiple communication channels Examples: Sugar CRM, Sales Force
Management Information Systems (MIS)
Provides pre-specified reports, answers to routine questions with predefined procedure for answering them, data from TPS, few analytical capabilities.
Transaction Processing Systems
Serve operational managers and staff Perform and record daily routine transactions necessary to conduct business Examples: Sales Order Entry, Payroll, Shipping Allow managers to monitor status of operations and relations with external environment Serve predefined, structured goals and decision making Call Center Script/Workflow Conditional Logic
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
Serves Middle Management, supports non-routine decision making, often make use of external information as well as data from TPS/MIS, What-If Analysis?
Decision Support Systems DSS
Serves middle management Support non-routine decision making Often makes use of external information as well as data from TPS and MIS Model driven DSS Data driven DSS
Executive Support Systems (ESS)
Support Senior Management, address non-routine decisions, incorporate data about external events as well as summarized information from MIS / DSS / TPS.
Relationships of Systems To One Another
TPS: Major source of data for other systems ESS: Recipient of data from lower-level systems Data may be exchanged between systems In reality, most businesses' systems are only loosely integrated.
Relationships of Systems
TPS: Major source of data for other systems. ESS: Recipient of data from lower-level systems Data may be exchanged between systems.
TPS
Transaction Processing Systems