MOD. 12 Cold War
loyalty review boards
1947: An organization created in 1947 that investigated the employees of the "supposedly disloyal organizations" and eliminated any supporter of communism.
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
A 1949 defense alliance initiated by the US, Canada, and 10 Western European nations
Marshall Plan
A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952)
space race
A competition of space exploration between the United States and Soviet Union.
House Un-American Activities Committee
A congressional committee created to search out disloyal Americans & Communists.
Declaration of Human Rights
A declaration adopted by the United Nations to give rights to every human on the planet. These rights include the right to life, political rights, freedom of religion, and economic rights
Brinkmanship
A policy of threatening to go to war in response to any enemy aggression.
Iron Curtain
A political barrier that isolated the peoples of Eastern Europe after WWII, restricting their ability to travel outside the region
Domino Theory
A theory that if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control.
Communist china
After 1949, Mao Zedong took control of China making the two largest nations in the world under communist control
Containment
American policy of resisting further expansion of communism around the world
Armistice
An agreement to stop fighting
Warsaw Pact
An alliance between the Soviet Union and other Eastern European nations. This was in response to the NATO
united nations
An international organization formed after WWII to promote international peace, security, and cooperation.
Arms Race
Cold war competition between the U.S. and Soviet Union to build up their respective armed forces and weapons
38th Parallel
Dividing line between North and South Korea
Sputnik
First artificial Earth satellite, it was launched by Moscow in 1957 and sparked U.S. fears of Soviet dominance in technology and outer space. It led to the creation of NASA and the space race.
Rosenberg's Case
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were United States citizens who spied for the Soviet Union and were tried, convicted and executed by the United States government.
McCarthyism
The act of accusing people of disloyalty and communism
Trumane Doctrine
United States policy, established in 1947, of trying to contain the spread of communism
Berlin Airlift
airlift in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin
Massive Retaliation
policy of threatening to use massive force in response to aggression
duck and cover drills
schools practiced these during the Cold War era
Flexible Response
the buildup of conventional troops and weapons to allow a nation to fight a limited war without using nuclear weapons
U-2 Incident
the downing of a U.S. spy plane and capture of its pilot by the Soviet Union in 1960