Module 11: Digital Ethics and Lifestyle

Fair Use Laws

Allows for limited and transformative purposes such as criticism or parody without asking for copyright permission.

Which element of digital citizenship emphasizes knowledge of copyright protection and intellectual property?

Digital law

Responsible tech disposable

Disposing tech products in eco and human-friendly ways.

A digital wellness plan includes which of the following?

Minimizes the risks of technology use and promotes healthier practices. Includes analyzing how much time is spent on devices, identifying the "pain points" related to your tech use (i.e. Text neck, eye strain, decreased flexibility, mood swings, and emotional fluctuation), and creating action items to address each pain point.

What rules should guide your behavior when you interact with friends and coworkers on social media?

Netiquette

Genevieve loves playing video games with friends on her Xbox connected to her TV. However, she's careful to get up, stretch, and walk around at least once every hour. What problem is this habit most likely helping her avoid?

Repetitive strain injury. Genevieve is helping to prevent or reduce repetitive strain injuries (RSI) that impact muscles, nerves, tendons, and ligaments in joints while playing video games by taking frequent breaks. She can also change position regularly during playtime, keep a good posture, and get regular exercise.

Statistic of internet access in the US

Almost half of US households with incomes under thirty thousand dollars don't have access to the internet.

According to the EPA, what is the fastest growing waste stream?

e-waste

Marley stayed up late to watch the planet Mars rise in the east. She had read online that Mars was unusually close to the Earth in its orbit and would look nearly as large as the moon. However, she only saw stars, and the next morning she ended up oversleeping because of her late bedtime. Marley was the victim of __________.

a hoax. A hoax is the deliberate posting of content intended to cause harm or mislead people by tricking them into believing something that is false. The Mars hoax first began in 2002 and has resurfaced periodically since then.

Kristy just received a laptop from her employer so she can work from home. She wonders if she can also use the laptop for personal activity, such as streaming movies. What documentation should Kristy check to find the answer to her question?

Acceptable use policy (AUP). An acceptable use policy (AUP) is a document that lists guidelines and repercussions of use of the Internet and other digital company resources, including network storage, email, and company-owned computers.

Which of the following problematic behaviors relies on the use of digital technology?

Cyberbullying. Many problematic behaviors existed before people started using digital technology. However, some current issues have emerged as a result of the development of these technologies. While bullying was a problem before digital technology, cyberbullying relies on the use of electronic communication.

​Digital Citizenship

Digital citizenship can be defined as engaging in appropriate and responsible behaviour when using technology. It encompasses digital literacy, ethics, etiquette, online safety, norms, rights, culture and more.A digital citizen is one who knows what is right and wrong, exhibits intelligent technology behavior, and makes good choices when using technology. "Respect, encompasses access, etiquette, and law".

Jason is reading a novel for school on his e-reader. He tries to print a portion of the novel so he can share it with a classmate who lost her copy. However, the e-reader will not allow the book to be printed. What content protection measure is preventing Jason from printing?

Digital rights management (DRM). Digital rights management (DRM) is a collection of technologies used by software publishers and trade groups to fight software piracy and prevent unauthorized copying, printing, or sharing of digital content.

Maisie doesn't limit her time watching enjoyable and relaxing shows on her laptop in the evenings after work and on the weekends because technology has an entirely wholesome effect without any risks.

False

A person who does not own a laptop or smartphone is not a digital citizen and so does not need to be concerned about digital ethics.

False. A digital citizen is anyone who uses or interacts with technology at work or in daily life for productivity or entertainment. Even people who don't have their own smartphones or laptops interact with digital technology while making a purchase at a grocery store, using an ATM to get cash, or using email at school or work. Every digital citizen is responsible for educating themselves about digital ethics that govern the use of technology.

Resources that can be extracted from e-waste

Nickel, lithium, and lead from old rechargeable batteries, among others in diff. tech.

Paige is designing a web page that will contain instructions for how to use a new web conferencing tool at her work. She formats best practice tips in green, and she formats warning information in red. Which employees might struggle with this formatting?

People with color blindness. When working to make a website digitally accessible, it's also important to consider that some users may be color blind. The most common form of color blindness is the inability to distinguish between red and green colors. Never rely on font color alone to communicate meaning or significance.

Side effects of technology use

Reduced melatonin levels due to looking at a bright screen. Neck strain looking down forces muscles to carry up to 60 pounds as opposed to the 10 pounds that a head weighs (can result in pinched nerves, disc degeneration and herniation). Mentally, some become reliant on the dopamine from notifications, some feel agitation when not online, and some become unable to prioritize or complete routine tasks.

What should be done before disposing of a piece of technology?

Removal of all personal data

Laney just bought a new smartphone. She's already downloaded her contacts information and other data from the cloud. Now she's copying her photos from her old phone onto the new device. Once her new phone has all her data, what should she do next with the old phone?

Reset the old phone to factory settings. After transferring all needed data from the old phone to the new phone, it's important to clean your data off the old phone before doing anything else with it. This will prevent security risks from someone accessing data on the old phone. Methods for doing this vary by device, but most offer tools to encrypt the device's contents and reset the device to its factory settings.

Hunter has dyslexia and struggles to understand text when he reads it to himself. It seems assigned class readings always make more sense when someone else reads them to him. What tool can help Hunter study more independently?

Screen reader. Users with visual impairments can use screen readers to read content aloud and describe visual screen elements. Screen readers are also helpful for users who have trouble understanding written text, such as people with dyslexia.

Digital Equity

Social concept. Everyone has equal opportunity to share on the personal, practical, and economic benefits of information technology. "Digital equity requires digital access".

Alvaro is having lower back pain from working long hours on his computer. Which of the following strategies could help him solve this problem? Choose two.

Switch to a standing desk. Take frequent breaks.

Digital Access

The ability to use information tech tools, such as the internet and internet-enabled devices, in order to experience those benefits.

Elements of Copyright

The copyright holder has the exclusive right to copy, publish, distribute, or sell an original work of literary, artistic, or musical material or to authorize other people to do the same.

Edward shares a blog post on social media that says the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) has changed their recommendation for flu shots. He is quickly bombarded by other people saying his information is wrong. What did Edward fail to do?

Verify the content with an authoritative source. If a website claims that information on its site is from a different organization or institution, readers should verify that the content is actually from that source by searching for it on the official site of the source. Before publishing selected facts, readers should try to find the full source to make sure the data is not taken out of context. They should also look for additional content from authoritative sources that agree with the original source.

Bailey reads wikis at the beginning of his research project to get his bearings on the topic. He switches to peer-reviewed journals and professional publications for his formal sources. Why does Bailey not use wikis as formal sources?

Wikis can be heavily biased. Critics of wikis cite the editors' lack of certified academic credentials, as well as potential bias (political, cultural, gender) by its contributors, whose anonymity makes it difficult or impossible to weigh bias with facts. Wikis also are subject to vandalism, where contributors enter false or embellished information.

Accessible online content

Written and audiovisual content that everyone can access regardless of physical disabilities, situational limitations, or socioeconomic restrictions on bandwidth and speed.

Francis closely monitors customer reviews on Google for his landscaping business. Most customers post high praise for his work; however, today he discovered an extremely negative review posted by someone claiming the name "Superman." Clearly, this is a fake name, and Francis has no way of following up with the person to determine what he can do to resolve the problem or even to know if it's a real customer. This is an example of __________.

catfishing. Creating a fake profile for the purpose of misleading others or to leave malicious comments on a website is called catfishing.

Bruce realizes he's getting a cramp in his neck after texting with his buddy for several minutes. He puts the phone down and takes his dog for a walk. This is an example of ____________.

digital citizenship. Digital citizenship is the knowledge of how best to use technologies ethically, legally, and productively. One element of digital citizenship is adopting healthy technology habits, including minimizing physical stress from overuse or misuse of digital devices.

Josie is scrolling through her social media newsfeed when she sees a photo of her that a friend posted. The photo is embarrassing and was taken without Josie's knowledge when she was staying at the friend's house. Josie requests the photo be taken down. Josie is managing her own

digital footprint. All the information about an individual that exists online, including personal accounts, social media posts, communications, online searches, activities, app usage, and even comments and photos posted by other people about the person contribute to that person's digital footprint.

Brad donates his old phone to a nearby charity, which refurbishes phones and offers them at no cost to challenged populations in the area. These people can use the free phones to help them find housing, employment, and other community resources. This program supports ______________.

digital inclusion. Digital inclusion is the movement to ensure that all users, regardless of economic or geographic constraints, have access to the devices, data, and infrastructure to receive high-speed, accurate, reliable information. The goal of digital inclusion is to ensure that everyone has access to online resources related to educational, civic, and employment opportunities, healthcare, and communication.

Doxing

the act of revealing identifying information about someone online, such as their real name, home address, workplace, phone, financial, and other personal information. That information is then circulated to the public — without the victim's permission. In terms of ethics, this is not illegal, but very unethical.

During a regional state of emergency, an Internet service provider offered three months of free Internet access to anyone affected by the crisis. This effort was intended to help reduce the impact of ___________.

the digital divide. The digital divide is the gap between those who have access to technology and its resources and information, especially on the Internet, and those who do not. By providing free Internet access during the crisis, the Internet service provider enabled more people were able to access Internet-based resources that they needed.

When Hafsa writes a research paper for her psychology class, ________________ allow(s) her to quote small portions of a research study published by an industry leading expert without asking his permission first.

the fair use doctrine. Fair use doctrine allows some writers, such as students writing research papers, to use a sentence or paragraph of text without permission if they include a citation to the original source.