Module 5 Quiz 3

Compartment syndrome occurs when:

Pressure in the fascia compartment leads to impaired circulation, sensory changes, and progressive muscle death

A 17-year-old high school football player what struck in the abdomen by another player during a tackle. Your assessment reveals signs of shock and pain to the patient's left shoulder, which is unremarkable for trauma. Examination of the patient's abdomen is also unremarkable for obvious injury. Based on your assessment findings and the patient's clinical presentation, you should suspect:

An injury to the spleen

The first step in caring for a musculoskeletal injury involves:

Exposing and assessing the injury site

A 40-year-old woman has an unstable pelvis following a motor vehicle crash, she is conscious but confused. Her blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg, pulse is 120 beats/min and weak at the radial arteries, and respirations are 24 breaths/min and shallow. After starting at least one large-bore IV line, you should:

Give enough isotonic crystalloid fluids to improve her mental status and radial pulse quality

Which of the following is a cardinal sign of injury to the genitourinary tract?

Hematuria

The most significant immediate risk associated with an open fracture is:

Hemorrhage

A 45-year-old man was cutting down a large tree when it collapsed, pinning him at the thighs. The patient's wife found him approximately 4 hours after the incident. The patient is conscious and in severe pain. His blood pressure is 128/68 mm Hg, pulse is 120 beats/min and regular, and respirations are 22 breaths/min with adequate depth. In addition to supplemental oxygen and cardiac monitoring, which of the following treatments should you provide before the tree is removed from his legs?

IV therapy with a crystalloid fluid bolus and albuterol via nebulizer or mucosal atomizer device

A young man has an isolated injury to his left leg. Your assessment reveals obvious deformity and ecchymosis. Distal circulation, as well as motor and sensory functions, are grossly intact, and the patient is hemodynamically stable. In addition to stabilizing the suspected fracture site, you should:

Immobilize the knee and the ankle

A 45-year-old patient who fell off a ladder reports that they landed on their feet. Upon assessing the patient, you suspect a pelvic fracture. Which type of injury did the patient experience?

Indirect

A hiker was bitten on the left lower leg by a rattlesnake. He is conscious and alert, but complains of nausea and generalized weakness. The affected area, which has two distinct puncture wounds, is swollen markedly. The patient's blood pressure is 114/66 mm Hg, pulse rate is 120 beats/min and regular, and respirations are 22 breaths/min and regular. The most appropriate treatment for this patient involves:

Keeping him calm, administering high-flow oxygen, immobilize the affected extremity and keeping it below heart level, and establishing vascular access

Eliciting for creptius during your exam of a deformed extremity:

May cause further injury to the bone and surrounding soft tissues

A dislocation is considered an urgent injury because of its potential to cause:

Neuromuscular compromise

Which of the following statements regarding a nondisplaced fracture is correct?

Nondisplaced fractures are generally caused by low-energy trauma and are typically not associated with deformity

The appendicular skeleton is composed of the:

Pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, and bones of the extremities

Closed bilaterally fractured femurs can result in internal blood loss of up to:

3,000 mL

A 39-year-old woman sustained an abdominal evisceration after she was cut in the abdomen with a large knife. The patient is semiconscious and is breathing shallowly. You should:

Assist ventilations with a bag-mask device; cover the exposed bowel with most, sterile dressings and protect them from injury; transport at once; and initiate IV therapy en route

If a patient with severe hypothermia is pulseless and apneic, you should:

Attempt a single shock for V-fib or V-tach

Which type of fracture is unique to children and is most commonly seen in the distal radius?

Buckle

Upon palpating the clavicle of a patient with a suspected fracture, you hear a faint grating sound. You identify this as:

Crepitus

Generalized abdominal pain following rupture of a hollow organ is most suggestive of:

Diffuse peritoneal contamination

Which of the following is typically the first complaint in a patient who is developing compartment syndrome?

Disproportionate pain

A 71-year-old man slipped on wet grass and landed on his left side. He denies losing consciousness before or after the fall and is presently conscious and alert. He complains of pain to his left hip and in his neck. Your assessment reveals a hematoma to the left side of his head and an external rotation and shortening of his left leg. His vital signs are stable. The most appropriate treatment for this patient includes:

Oxygen if hyoxemic, spinal motion restriction precautions, an IV line of normal saline, stabilization of his hip with pillows, fentanyl if needed, and transport

Which of the following is one of the 6 Ps of musculoskeletal injury assessment?

Pallor

Prior to splinting the injured extremity of a patient, you should:

Remove the patient's clothing to maximize visualization of the injured area

Which of the following injuries is the patient with mononucleosis prone to following relatively minor blunt abdominal trauma?

Ruptured spleen

When a patient presents with fractures of the lower rib cage, you should suspect injuries to the:

Spleen and/or liver

A 19-year-old man experienced direct trauma to his left elbow. Your assessment reveals gross deformity and ecchymosis. His arm is pink and warm, and he has a strong radial pulse. Your transport time to the hospital will be delayed. You should:

Splint the elbow in the position found and reassess distal circulation

A 24-year-old male intentionally placed a commercially manufactured constricting object around the base of his penis. He complains of moderate pain, and assessment of his penis reveals that it is cyanotic. You should:

Transport him to the hospital and provide emotional support en route

Upon assessing a 72-year-old patient who fell down the steps, you note that they have a distended and tender abdomen. Your priority is to:

Treat for shock and transport immediately

Classic heatstroke:

Typically affects older people and is not associated with exertion