Module one
______ is required for osmosis to occur.
A selectively permeable membrane
_____is the scientific discipline that studies the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs; whereas, ____ is the discipline in which the function of body structures is the
Anatomy , Physiology
Cardiovascular System
Choice, Distributes hormones, nutrients, and gases; picks up waste products Distributes hormones, nutrients, and gases; picks up waste products
Urinary System matches
Choice, Filters the blood; concentrates waste products Filters the blood; concentrates waste products
Choose all that correctly describe the cardiovascular system.
Consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels Distributes hormones, nutrients, and gases Moves blood through blood vessels
is the viscous fluid of the cytoplasm.
Cytosol
Which of the following is NOT a function of human body cells?
Dedifferentiation
system functions in providing protection, regulating body
Integumentary
What are two main types of active transport methods?
Ion pumps Bulk transport
Which statements characterize cytosol?
It contains many dissolved solutes. It has a high water content. It is also called intracellular fluid. It contains proteins and carbohydrates.
Which of the following is not true regarding the cell membrane?
It is the cytosol.
Which are organs of the muscular system?
Pectoralis major muscle Orbicularis oculi muscle
Which of the following are found in the cell membrane?
Phospholipids Cholesterol Receptors Transport proteins
Which answers correctly describe the urinary system?
Removes waste products from blood Filters the blood Expels urine from the body
choose all that correctly describe the nervous system.
Responds to sensory stimuli ,Helps control all other organ systems of the body, Responsible for consciousness
Digestive System
Responsible for nutrient absorption
Which are functions of smooth ER?
Synthesis of lipids Transport of lipids Metabolism of carbohydrates Detoxification of alcohol
Integumentary System matches
Synthesizes vitamin D; prevents water loss
Which of the following statements correctly describe enzymes?
They are important for metabolic activities of a cell. They are catalysts. They are proteins. They change the rate of a chemical reaction.
Which statements are true regarding proteins?
They determine most of the membrane's functions. ,They make up about half of the plasma membrane by weight. ,They are made of smaller molecules called amino acids.
In the human body, epithelium is exemplified at which structural level of organization?
Tissue Level
Which answers correctly describe the lymphatic system?
Transports and filters lymph Can initiate an immune response
In facilitated diffusion, a substance moves down its concentration gradient. This process requires ______.
a transport protein
On the anterior surface of the body, the anatomical term for the region inferior to the thorax and superior to the hip bones is the _____region.
abdominal, umbilical, hypogastric
Active transport processes move substances across membranes against a concentration gradient. This process requires ______.
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
A patient has a bruise in his tarsal area. The bruise is on his
ankle
A patient has a bruise in his tarsal area. The bruise is on his ______.
ankle
Organs of the cardiovascular system include ______.
arteries veins the heart
Mammary is to _____ as brachial is to arm.
breast
The anatomical term for heel is
calcaneal
Enzymes are proteins that act as ______.
catalysts
The study of cells is called
cytology
The four major passive transport processes are simple______ facilitated ______, osmosis, and bulk
diffusion diffusion filtration
Cranial is to skull as auricular is to ______.
ear
Proteins in the plasma membrane perform a variety of functions including ______.
enzyme activity transport cell to cell recognition intercellular connection
Proteins in the plasma membrane perform a variety of functions including ______.
enzyme activity transport intercellular connection cell to cell recognition
In osmosis and simple diffusion, the net movement of molecules will continue until the concentration gradient no longer exists. This end point is called
equilibrium
Bulk transport refers to the movement of macromolecules across a selectively permeable membrane. There are two categories of bulk transport mechanisms,______ and ____
exocytosis endocytosis
Muscular System
generates heat, produces body movement
Lipids with attached carbohydrate groups are called
glycolipids
Bulk filtration is the process facilitated by the pressure of blood pushing against the inside wall of a small blood vessel. This pressure forces water and dissolved substances from the blood across the plasma membranes of cells lining the blood vessel. This type of pressure is referred to as________ pressures
hydrostatic
The right and left ______ regions are inferior areas located ______ to the hypogastric region.
iliac, lateral
The term endocytosis ______.
includes phagocytosis and pinocytosis
The extracellular fluid found in the microscopic spaces between closely-packed epithelial cells is called _____.
interstitial fluid
Active transport mechanisms that move ions across a selectively permeable membrane are referred to as ______ pumps.
ion
Organs of the thoracic cavity include the ______.
lungs trachea heart
What are the two categories of organelles?
membrane-bound and non-membrane-bound
Structures that cannot be observed by the unaided eye are examined in _____ anatomy.
microscopic , micro, or histology
The plane indicated in the figure by the letter A is the ______.
midsagittal plane
Examples of lipids include ______.
oils steroids cholesterol fats
level is the highest structural level of organization in the human body.
organismal, organism, body
The net diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
osmosis
The serous membrane marked by the arrow in the figure is the
parietal peritoneum
The serous membrane indicated by the arrow in the figure is the ______.
parietal pleura
Floating downstream with a current is an analogy for ______.
passive transport
The body cavity medial to the pleural cavities is the ______ cavity.
pericardial
The cell structure that functions as a 'gatekeeper' to regulate the passage of gases, nutrients, and wastes between the internal and external environments is the ______.
plasma membrane
The three components of most human body cells are the ___________membrane, the ________which contains organelles, and the nucleus.
plasma or cytoplasm
membrane is also called the cell membrane.
plasma or cytoplasmic
Materials tend to move more rapidly when their concentrations are _____ between two compartments.
significantly different
Most passive transport mechanisms require a cell membrane to occur. The one passive process that does not require a membrane is _______.
simple diffusion
Which are organs of the skeletal system?
skull, Ribs
The liver contains abundant amounts of ______ to process digested nutrients and detoxify alcohol and drugs.
smooth er
The synthesis of steroid hormones occurs in the ______.
smooth er
The sodium-potassium pump transports ______
sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell
The sodium-potassium pump transports ______.
sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell
In diffusion, particles move until they are ______.
spread out evenly on each side of a membrane
Cholesterol is scattered within the hydrophobic regions of the phospholipid bilayer, where it strengthens the membrane and ______ it at extreme temperatures.
stabilizes
Organs of the abdominal cavity include the
stomach liver small intestine
Which of the following is a function of the integumentary system?
synthesizes vitamin D
The anatomical term for ankle is
tarsal, tarsus, or tarsals
Organs of the cranial cavity include ______.
the brain only
A football player was tackled in the fibular area. The player was tacked on ______.
the lateral aspect of the leg
True or false: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) uses an electron beam to create an image for viewing. True false question.
true
system filters the blood and removes waste products from blood
urinary
Organs of the female reproductive system include _____.
uterus ovary vagina
Organs of the female reproductive system include _____
vagina uterus ovary
The serous membrane designated by the arrow in the figure is the ______.
visceral peritoneum
Place the following layers of thin skin in order from superficial to deep. Position 1 of 4 Stratum spinosum incorrect toggle button unavailable Stratum spinosum
1. stratum corner 2. stratum granulosum 3. stratum spinosum 4. stratum basale
List the bones of the ankle/foot in order from proximal to distal.
1. tarsals metatarsals phalanges
Each foot has phalanges.
14 or fourteen
The catagen phase is a very short phase and lasts for about ______ weeks
3/4
The integument accounts for about _____% of the body weight.
8
On a normal scalp, about _______% of follicles are in the anagen phase.
80-95
Which letter represents the head of the fibula?
A
Mitochondria produce large amounts of the cell's energy in the form of _____. Thus mitochondria are often called the ______ of the cell.
ATP, powerhouses
Adhering junctions
Acts like a belt providing strength and support between cells
Identify the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the infraspinatus and teres minor.
Adduction of the arm Lateral rotation of the arm
These connective tissue cells are closely packed together and have nuclei squeezed to one side by the material that it stores.
Adipocytes
Which are examples of resident cells of connective tissue proper?
Adipocytes Fibroblasts Mesenchymal cells
Identify the location of the brachialis.
Anterior arm
Identify the location of the pronator quadratus.
Anterior forearm
Which of the following describes the location of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle?
Attached to the upper eyelid
Identify the letter corresponding to the biceps brachii in the figure.
B
Which letter represents the intertrochanteric line?
B
is the movement in an anterior-posterior plane that increases the angle between the articulating bones.
Blank 1: Extension
is shown in the figure. The palm of the hand is turning from a posterior position to an anterior position.
Blank 1: Supination or Rotation
This figure exhibits
Blank 1: adduction
In the figure, the letter A indicates xBlank 1Blank 1 x , Incorrect Unavailable and the letter B indicates xBlank 2
Blank 1: extension Blank 2: flexion
In the figure, letter A is indicating xBlank 1Blank 1 x , Incorrect Unavailable and letter B is indicating xBlank 2Blank 2 x , Incorrect Unavailable.
Blank 1: flexion Blank 2: extension or hyperextension
Looking at the figure, describe the actions. Letter A represents and letter B represents
Blank 1: hyperextension or extension Blank 2: flexion
An os coxae is made of three fused bones, which are the ilium, the and the
Blank 1: ischium Blank 2: pubis
The place of contact between bone and cartilage or between bones and other bones is called a(n)
Blank 1: joint or articulation
The motion in the figure is flexion.
Blank 1: lateral or angular
The type of fibrous joint shown here is called a(n
Blank 1: suture, synarthrosis, or synarthrotic
is a large, flat, diamond-shaped muscle that attaches to the skull, vertebral column, scapulae, and clavicles.
Blank 1: trapezius or Trapezius
Heat retention
Blanket of thick hair on scalp Blanket of thick hair on scalp
is a fluid connective tissue composed of formed elements and matrix.
Blood
Platelets
Blood clotting
Since there are no blood vessels in the epidermis, where does its supply of nutrients come from?
Blood vessels in dermis
Nonkeratinized stratified squamous
Body openings like the oral cavity, vagina and anus
Which terms correctly describe the scapula?
Broad Flat
Which pigments contribute to skin color? Select all that apply.
Carotene Hemoglobin Melanin
Which pigments contribute to skin color? Select all that apply.
Carotene Melanin Hemoglobin
Which cerebral lobe is housed within the anterior cranial fossa?
Cerebellum
Which parts of the skull are formed by the zygomatic bones?
Cheek Lateral wall of orbit
Visual identification
Color and density of hairs of scalp
Tight junction
Complete attachment between neighboring cells sealing off the intercellular space
Which statements describe the locations of epithelial tissue?
Covers body surfaces Lines many organs Lines body cavities Covers many organs
Which part of the ethmoid bone acts as an attachment site for the falx cerebri, a cranial dural septa that helps to stabilize the brain?
Crista galli
Which are parts of the ethmoid bone?
Crista galli Middle nasal conchae Superior nasal conchae
Which are functions of adipose tissue?
Cushions shock Provides padding Acts as an insulator to slow heat loss
Which muscle pulls the corners of the mouth inferiorly?
Depressor anguli oris
Which are classified as synovial joints?
Elbow Temporomandibular Glenohumeral Knee joint
is the superior movement of a body part.
Elevation
Keratinized stratified squamous
Epidermis of skin
Which are locations of synchondroses?
Epiphyseal plate Between rib/sternum
One of the four major tissue types in the human body, ______tissue acts as 'gatekeepers' in that it regulates the movement of materials in and out of certain body regions.
Epithelial
Which bone in the skull helps to form the floor of the cranium, the roof of the nasal cavity, and the medial wall of the orbit?
Ethmoid bone
Which muscles end in the suffix -glossus, meaning tongue?
Extrinsic tongue muscles
Which muscles protract, retract and elevate the tongue?
Extrinsic tongue muscles
Some muscles that move the head are attached to arm bones.
False
Identify the actions provided by contraction of the biceps brachii.
Flexion of the forearm
Which are the forearm muscles in the deep layer of the anterior compartment?
Flexor pollicis longus Pronator quadratus Flexor digitorum profundus
Which areas of the skull are formed by the temporal bones?
Floor of the cranium Inferior lateral walls
Which areas of the skull are formed in part by the ethmoid bone?
Floor of the cranium Medial wall of orbit Roof of the nasal cavity
Which foramina penetrate the greater wings of the sphenoid bone?
Foramen rotundum Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum
Which areas of the skull are formed in part by the frontal bone?
Forehead Calvaria Orbits
Which of the following is NOT a function of microtubules?
Formation of transport vesicles
Which muscle raises the eyebrows and wrinkles the skin of the forehead when it contracts?
Frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis
When you put your hand on your forehead, you are feeling which bone?
Frontal bone
is a simple movement in which two opposing surfaces slide slightly back-and-forth or side-to-side with respect to one another.
Gliding
Which of the following secretes mucin?
Goblet cells
Sensory reception
Hair root plexuses
Gap junctions
Has connexons which provide a pore or tunnel between cells
Which of the following are functions of the vertebral column?
Helps to transfer axial skeletal weight to the lower limbs Houses and protects the spinal cord Provides vertical support for the body
Which are classified as a ball-and-socket joint?
Hip joint Glenohumeral join
Which are classified as a ball-and-socket joint?
Hip joint Glenohumeral joint
Which of the following are functions of the vertebral column?
Houses and protects the spinal cord Helps to transfer axial skeletal weight to the lower limbs Provides vertical support for the body
Which of the following are functions of the vertebral column?
Houses and protects the spinal cord Provides vertical support for the body Helps to transfer axial skeletal weight to the lower limbs
cartilage is depicted here.
Hyaline or Articular
Which opening in the occipital bone allows the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) to exit the skull?
Hypoglossal canal
Leukocytes
Immunity
Which best describes the differences between sensible and insensible perspirations produced by sweat glands in the skin?
Insensible is in the form of water vapor and cannot be seen while sensible contains water and salts and can be seen.
What bone does letter A represent?
Intermediate cuneiform
Which is a syndesmosis?
Interosseous membrane
Which of the following muscles are responsible for the lateral flexion of the vertebral column?
Intertransversarii muscles
Facial muscles attach where?
Into the superficial fascia of the skin
Which muscles are within the tongue and allow the tongue to acts like a big muscle?
Intrinsic tongue muscles
What structure does letter A represent?
Ischial spine
Which statements describe the nuclear envelope?
It controls the entry of substances into the nucleus. It contains phospholipids. It is a double membrane. It has ribosomes attached to it.
Which statements describe the functions of the cytoskeleton?
It helps move organelles throughout the cell. It assists with cell motility. It provides structural support to cells. It stabilizes junctions between cells.
Which statements are true regarding cholesterol?
It is a type of lipid. , It strengthens the plasma membrane. , It is scattered within the hydrophobic regions of the phospholipid bilayer.
Which statements characterize smooth ER?
It is continuous with rough ER. ,It stores lipids. ,It does not have ribosomes attached to it.
Which of the following best describes the location of the serratus anterior?
It is located between the anterior surface of the ribs and the anterior surface of the scapula.
Which of the following best describes the location of the trapezius?
It is superficial to other posterior thoracic muscles that move the pectoral girdle.
What is the location of the frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle?
It is superficial to the frontal bone on the forehead.
Which statements characterize skeletal muscle tissue?
It is voluntary. It is striated. It is multinucleated.
Which statements correctly describe epithelial tissue?
It lacks blood vessels. It has a high regeneration capacity. It is richly innervated.
Which statements characterize simple squamous epithelial tissue?
It lines blood vessels. It allows for rapid diffusion or filtration.
Which of the following best describe(s) the actions of the subclavius?
It stabilizes the clavicle. It depresses the clavicle.
Which statements are true about the sodium-potassium pump?
It uses energy. ,It transports sodium and potassium ions from regions of low concentration to regions of high concentration.
Which describes the tissue type of the epidermis?
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Which facial bone helps to form the medial wall of the orbit?
Lacrimal bone
The types of movement that can occur between the vertebrae in the cervical and lumbar regions of the vertebral column are which of the following?
Lateral flexion
Which of the following joints has a gliding motion where two articular surfaces slide past each other?
Letter A
In the picture of blood, the letters A and B are indicating what type of cell?
Leukocyte
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
Lines upper respiratory tract
Where might you find simple squamous epithelium?
Lining of air sacs (alveoli) of lungs Lining of lumen of blood vessels (endothelium)
Transitional
Lining of urinary bladder, ureters and part of the urethra
Which bone forms the lower jaw?
Mandible
Which of the following bones of the skull are formed by intramembranous ossification?
Mandible Frontal bone Maxillae Parietal bones
Choose the answers that correctly describe the digestive system
Mechanically digests food materials Expels waste products Absorbs nutrients Chemically digests food materials
What features of the sphenoid bone allow for the attachment of jaw muscles?
Medial and lateral pterygoid plates
are thin, microscopic projections extending from the surface of the plasma membrane. They are smaller than cilia.
Microvilli or microvilli
Which cranial fossa, formed by the parietal, sphenoid, and temporal bones, houses the temporal lobes of the cerebrum and part of the brainstem?
Middle cranial fossa
Which of the following is not part of the plasma membrane?
Mitochondria
Of the following, which is a main factor that influences membrane permeability?
Molecular size
Which structure is located within the lacrimal groove?
Nasolacrimal duct
are cell types in nervous tissue that are responsible for control and information processing.
Neurons, Nervous, or Neuron
Which criteria are used to classify epithelia?
Number of cell layers Shape of cells at apical surface
Which cranial nerve passes through the cribriform foramina in the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone?
Olfactory nerve (CN I)
Simple cuboidal
One layer of cells that are about as high as they are wide
Simple squamous
One layer of flat, wide irregular shaped cells
Simple columnar, ciliated
One layer of tall, narrow cells that can move objects along their apical surface
Simple columnar, nonciliated
One layer of tall, narrow cells that often contain microvilli
Which muscle assists in opposition of the thumb?
Opponens pollicis
Which passageway in the sphenoid bone allows the optic nerve (CN II) to enter the brain?
Optic canal
The letter C in this figure indicates the superior
Orbital
Which areas of the skull are formed in part by the frontal bone?
Orbits Calvaria Forehead
are complex, organized structures inside cells; they have unique characteristics and shapes.
Organelles
Which of the superficial anterior forearm muscles is absent in about 10% of individuals and only weakly assists in wrist flexion?
Palmaris longus
Which of the following are true of the female pelvis, in comparison to the male pelvis?
Pelvis is wider. Sacrum is shorter. Pelvis is shallower.
Which part of the temporal bone houses the sensory structures of the inner ear?
Petrous part
Which are considered the functions of connective tissue?
Physical protection Binding and support of structures Storage and transport
Which cranial fossa, formed by the occipital, temporal, and parietal bones, houses the cerebellum and part of the brainstem?
Posterior cranial fossa
Fibroblasts
Produce fibers and ground substance
Which answers correctly describe the male reproductive system?
Produces sperm Transfers sperm to the female Produces testosterone
Which are functions of rough ER?
Production of proteins Storage of proteins to be exported from the cell Formation of transport vesicles
are complex, diverse molecules composed of chains of amino acids.
Proteins
Which are functions of cranial bones?
Provide attachment sites for several jaw, head and neck muscles Surround and protect the brain
Which are functions of the basement membrane?
Provides physical support Acts as a barrier Anchors the epithelium to connective tissue
Which is NOT a type of connective tissue?
Pseudostratified connective tissue Simple squamous connective tissue
Which muscle(s) of the vertebral column attaches to the iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament?
Quadratus lumborum
Nucleoli are made up of ___________, enzymes, and other proteins.
RNA
Which of the following are posterior thoracic muscles that move the pectoral girdle?v
Rhomboid major Trapezius Levator scapulae Rhomboid minor
Which statements characterize rough ER?
Ribosomes are attached to rough ER. The amount of rough ER is greater in cells that produce a large amount of proteins for secretion.
Which of the following regions of the skull is formed by the parietal bones
Roof of the cranium
Which part of the orbit is formed by the orbital part of the frontal bone and lesser wing of the sphenoid bone?
Roof of the orbit
Which bones are part of the pelvis?
Sacrum Ossa coxae Coccyx
Protection
Scalp hair covers the scalp and shields it from sunburn and injury
Which of the following are functions of epithelial tissue?
Selective permeability Sensations Physical protection Secretions
Which area of the sphenoid bone houses the pituitary gland?
Sella turcica
Which of the following are attachment sites for facial muscles?
Skull bones Superficial fascia of skin
Adipocytes
Store lipid reserves
Which are the functions of bone?
Stores calcium and phosphorus Carries out hemopoiesis Protection of vital organs Provides levers for movement
Which thin, pointed projection of the temporal bone serves as an attachment site for several hyoid and tongue muscles?
Styloid process
Which muscle is inferior to the clavicle and stabilizes and depresses the clavicle?
Subclavius
Which are locations of areolar connective tissue?
Subcutaneous layer of skin Surrounding blood vessels Surrounding nerves
Which features on the external surface of the occipital bone, often more prominent in males, act as attachment sites for neck ligaments and muscles?
Superior nuchal line Inferior nuchal line
Which are locations of areolar connective tissue?
Surrounding blood vessels Subcutaneous layer of skin Surrounding nerves
Which are types of fibrous joints?
Sutures Gomphoses Syndesmoses
What type of joints is indicated by the arrows in the figure?
Synchondroses
occurs when the extra tissue between the digital rays doesn't undergo apoptosis.
Syndactyly
Which of the following joints is indicated here by the arrow?
Syndesmosis
Which bone consists of petrous, squamous, and tympanic parts?
Temporal bone
Which bones articulate at the mandibular fossa to form the temporomandibular joint
Temporal bone Mandible
hair is the type of hair that grows on the scalp, and is also the hair of eyebrows and pubic region. In men, it also grows on the face.
Terminal
Which statements characterize tight junctions?
The attach epithelial cells to neighboring epithelial cells. They seal off the intercellular spaces of epithelial cells. They encircle epithelial cells near their apical surfaces.
Which characteristics describe epithelial tissue?
The cells are bound closely together. The basal surface is bound to a basement membrane. It is composed almost entirely of cells.
Which statement is correct?
The cervical region of the vertebral column contains 7 vertebrae.
Which of the following correctly describes the tendons of the forearm muscles at the wrist joint?
The flexor retinaculum covers the palmar or anterior surface of the carpal bones.
The letter A indicates which muscle in the picture?
The masseter muscle
Which muscle acts to close the eyelid in a winking motion when it contracts?
The orbicularis oculi muscle
Which muscle contracts when you "pucker" your lips?
The orbicularis oris muscle
Which structure covers the anterior surface of the knee joint?
The tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle
Which are functions of the subcutaneous layer? Select all that apply. Multiple select question.
Thermal insulation Protection Energy reservoir
Fixed macrophages
These large cells phagocytize damaged cells and pathogens
Which of the following correctly describes the location of the rhomboids, both minor and major?
They are posterior thoracic muscles that are deep to the trapezius.
Which statements characterize microvilli?
They are smaller than cilia. They are microscopic projections of the plasma membrane. They function to increase the surface area of the plasma membrane.
Which statements characterize serous membranes?
They contain a parietal and visceral layer. The pericardium is an example.
The crural region only has one weight bearing bone. Identify the bone.
Tibia
Which are functions of the paranasal sinuses?
To lighten the weight of skull bones To humidify and warm inhaled air To provide resonance to the voice
Which are functions of the paranasal sinuses?
To provide resonance to the voice To lighten the weight of skull bones To humidify and warm inhaled air
Erythrocytes
Transport O2 and CO2 between lungs and body tissues
True or false: Ectrodactyly runs in families.
True
What passes through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae?
Vertebral arteries
Which part of the axial skeleton provides vertical support for the body while housing and protecting the spinal cord?
Vertebral column
Syndesmoses Sutures Gomphoses
Which are types of fibrous joints?
Which letter represents the intercondylar fossa?
a
The levator scapulae is
a posterior thoracic muscle that is deep to the trapezius
When you spread your fingers or toes apart, away from the longest digit, which acts like the midline, you are performing ______
abduction
The fibrocartilaginous ring that deepens the hip socket is the hipBlank 1Blank 1 hip , Incorrect Unavailable labrum.
acetabular
The fibrocartilaginous ring that deepens the hip socket is the labrum.
acetabular
Sacs that produce secretions of multicellular exocrine glands are ______.
acini
In the connective tissue illustrated here, the cell type at letter A is a(n)
adipocyte or adipocytes
The active growing phase of the hair growth cycle is called the ______ phase.
anagen
Letter A represents the
anatomical
The pectoralis minor is one of the ______ thoracic muscles that moves the pectoral girdle.
anterior
Anatomically, muscles that move the pectoral girdle are classified as
anterior or posterior thoracic
d
apocrine sweat gland
The humerus is a bone of the ______ skeleton.
appendicular
The type of loose connective tissue shown here is ______connective tissue.
areolar
This type of connective tissue is found nearly everywhere in the body. It is also found just deep to all epithelia. It is called ______ connective tissue.
areolar
The two types of connective tissue in the dermis are
areolar and dense irregular
b
arrestor pili
The repetitious compression and relaxation that occurs during exercise is vital for maintaining healthy cartilage, which covers the ends of the articulating bones in a synovial joint.
articular
The superior and inferior nuchal lines ar
attachment sites for neck muscles
Lysosomes remove old organelles through a process called _____.
autophagy
There are no blood vessels in the epidermis. The term for lack of blood vessels is
avascular
The two main divisions of the skeletal system are the
axial appendicular
All muscles that move the pectoral girdle attach the ______ to the scapula and clavicle.
axial skeleton
A ______ joint is indicated by the arrow in the figure.
ball-and-socket
The foramen in the greater wings of the sphenoid bone carry
blood vessels to meninges
The anterior, weight bearing part of each vertebra is known as the ______.
body
The type of connective tissue in the picture is called
bone, osseous, or skeletal
Muscles that move the head and neck attach to
bones of the pectoral girdle bones of the cranium bones of the thoracic cage bones of the vertebral column
Most nervous tissue is found in the
brain and spinal cord
A muscle in the cheek that infants use when they suckle is the xBlank 1Blank 1 x , Incorrect Unavailablemuscle
buccinator or Buccinator
During the fourth week of development limb begin to appear.
buds or formation
Identify the letter corresponding to the brachialis in the figure.
c
Letter A is the
calcaneous
The tarsal bones of the foot are analogous with the ______ bones of the wrist
carpal
Which muscle elevates the upper eyelid when you open your eyes?
cavity or space
Talipes equinovarus is also called
club foot
One of the main factors that influence membrane permeability is ______.
concentration gradient
Letter A represents the medial ______.
condyle
The function of the nucleus is to ______.
control cellular activities
The vertebral canal contains the spinal , while the intervertebral foramina allow for passage of the spinal nerves.
cord
The hip joint is also called the ______ joint.
coxal
fossae along the floor of the cranial cavity contain depressions for parts of the brain, grooves for blood vessels, and numerous foramina.
cranial
The anatomical term for the portion of the lower limb between the knee and the ankle is
crural
Letter A is the
cuboid or Cuboid
Cytosol and all the organelles suspended within it make up the ______ of a cell.
cytoplasm
The internal parts of cilia and flagella are made up of_____ and ______ They are enclosed by the plasma membrane.
cytoplasm microtubules
The _____ is composed of protein subunits organized either as filaments of hollow tubes. It has three separate components: microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments.
cytoskeleton
During exhalation, muscles of respiration
decrease the space of the thoracic cavity
The anterior and posterior compartments of the arm are surrounded by ______ and each houses skeletal muscles that perform ______ actions.
deep fascia, similar
The reticular layer of the dermis is ______.
deep to the papillary layer
The function of the connective tissue shown is to withstand stress applied in all directions and is extremely durable. It is
dense irregular
The function of the connective tissue shown is to withstand stress applied in all directions and is extremely durable. It is ______.
dense irregular
The type of connective tissue shown in the picture is called ______.
dense regular
Contraction of the pectoralis minor
depresses the scapula protracts the scapula
The medial malleolus is found on the ______ end of the tibia.
distal
Congenital absence of a digit is called
ectrodactyly
In the second step of wound healing, a blood clot temporarily patches the ______ of the wound together and acts as a barrier to prevent the entry of ______ into the body.
edges, pathogens
The muscles of the thenar and hypothenar group form fleshy masses, each called a(n) _______, a term given to a circumscribed area raised above the general level of the surrounding surface.
eminence
The skin is made up of two distinct layers, the _____ and the _____.
epidermis, dermis
In the picture of blood, letter A indicates ______ and letter B indicates ______.
erythrocytes, platelets
The crista galli of the ______bone acts as a point of attachment for the falx cerebri.
ethmoid
The crista galli of the bone acts as a point of attachment for the falx cerebri.
ethmoid
The crista galli z____bone acts as a point of attachment for the falx cerebri.
ethmoid
There are two types of melanin, _________ and pheomelanin, together they produce various ratios of yellow, reddish, tan, brown, and black shades.
eumelanin
The posterior compartment of the forearm contains muscles that ______ the wrist, the metacarpophalangeal joints, and interphalangeal joints.
extend
is the movement in an anterior-posterior plane that increases the angle between the articulating bones.
extension
The muscles that assist the serratus posterior superior muscles in expanding the thoracic cavity, by elevating the ribs, during inhalation are the ______ intercostals.
external
The anterolateral abdominal muscles include the
external oblique muscle transversus abdominis muscle internal oblique muscle
Most muscles of facial expression are innervated by the
facial nerve
True or false: Collagen fibers form a structural connective tissue framework which help them to support organs and resist external forces.
false
True or false: Muscles with proximal attachments anterior to the glenohumeral joint extend the arm.
false
Peroxisomes break down harmful substances including _____.
fatty acid molecules alcohol hydrogen peroxide
The condyles of the tibia articulate with the condyles of the
femur
Friction ridges on the tips of fingers are known as
fingerprints
Extrinsic muscles of the wrist and hand
flex or extend the hand and fingers
Muscles of the abdominal wall work together t
flex the vertebral column
Muscles of the abdominal wall work together to
flex the vertebral column
In general, the anterior compartment of the arm contains muscles that ______ the forearm at the elbow joint, while the posterior compartment contains muscles that ______ the forearm.
flex, extend
Bending your arm at the elbow is an example of
flexion
The name of the forearm muscle found in the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment is the
flexor digitorum superficialis
What structure does letter A represent?
fovea
The anterior part of the calvaria, the forehead, and the roof of the orbits receive contributions from the ______.
frontal bone
Nerve fibers in skin control ______. Select all that apply.
gland secretion rates blood flow
The glenohumeral joint is between the head of the humerus and the xBlank 1Blank 1 x , Incorrect Unavailablecavity of the scapula.
glenoid
motion, the angle between the bones does not change and only limited movement is possible in any direction.
gliding or nonaxial
The trochanters of the femur are attachment sites for
gluteal muscles
Braces on this joint place mechanical stress on the osteoblasts and osteoclasts to modify the alveolus. Name the joint.
gomphhosis
The bump indicated by the letter A is the trochanter.
greater
a
hair follicle
In the figure, the letter A is pointing to the
head of the femur
Many areas of spongy bone contain ______________ cells, which are responsible for producing new blood cells.
hematopoietic or hemopoietic
Sebaceous glands are classified as ______ glands that discharge an oily, waxy secretion called ______.
holocrine, sebum
Peroxisomes break down harmful substances including _____.
hydrogen peroxide fatty acid molecules alcohol
Which are bones of the appendicular skeleton?
i girdle Leg bones Pelvic girdle Hand bones
Simple cuboidal epithelium can be found ______.
in ducts of most glands in kidney tubules
Simple cuboidal epithelium can be found ______.
in kidney tubules in ducts of most glands
Hyaline cartilage is located ______.
in the fetal skeleton in the nose at the ends of long bones in costal cartilages
During inhalation, muscles of respiration
increase the space of the thoracic cavity
Flagella differ from cilia in that flagella usually occur _____ while cilia usually occur _____ on the cell surface.
individually, in large numbers
The muscle indicated by the letter A in the picture is the
inferior rectus muscle
Besides elevating the scapula, the levator scapulae also
inferiorly rotates the scapula
Muscles of the anterior neck that are inferior to the hyoid bone are called ______ muscles.
infrahyoid
The muscles of the anterior neck that are below the hyoid bone are called
infrahyoid or Infrahyoid
There are two types of proteins in the plasma membrane. These two types are ____ proteins, and _____ proteins.
integral, peripheral
discs are pads of fibrocartilage separating adjacent vertebral bodies.
intervertebral
Functions of muscle tissue include
involuntary movements of body organs propulsion of materials through digestive tract voluntary movements of body parts
The cutaneous membrane
is relatively dry compared to other membranes of the body contains keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue
In this picture of a synovial joint, letter B is pointing to the cavity which contains synovial fluid.
joint
The letter A is pointing to the capsule.
joint
In this picture of a synovial joint, letter B is pointing to the cBlank 1Blank 1 c , Incorrect Unavailable cavity which contains synovial fluid.
joint, synovial, articulation, or articular
The small, paired bones help to form part of the medial wall of the orbit
lacrimal
the ___ surfaces of epithelial cells contain intercellular junctions.
lateral
The ligament on the lateral side of the knee is called the ______ ligament.
lateral collateral fibular collateral
Letter A indicates the ______.
lateral condyle
Letter A is the ______.
lateral malleolus
The motion in the figure is xBlank 1Blank 1 x , Incorrect Unavailable flexion.
lateral or angular
The muscle indicated by the letter A in the picture is the
lateral rectus muscle
The articular capsule of a synovial joint comes from
laterally placed mesenchyme
Skin is classified as either thick or thin based on two parameters. These are the number of ______ in the epidermis and the relative thickness of the epidermis, rather than the thickness of the entire integument.
layers
The hip joint is more stable and ______ mobile than the glenohumeral joint because it supports the body weight.
less
In the figure, letter A represents the xBlank 1Blank 1 x , Incorrect Unavailable trochanter.
lesser
The roof of the orbit is formed by the
lesser wing of the sphenoid bone orbital plate of the frontal bone
Which of the following joints has a gliding motion where two articular surfaces slide past each other?
letter a
The muscle of facial expression indicated in the image by the letter A is the
levator labii superioris
Sprains take a relatively long time to heal because
ligaments are poorly vascularized
Hair is found almost everywhere on the body except the
lips palms of the hands soles of the feet
Letter A represents a process called the lateral
malleolus
The temporal bone and mandible articulate to form the tempormandibular joint at the
mandibular fossa
Examples of wandering cells of connective tissue proper are
mast cells plasma cells free macrophages
Which bones come together to form the upper jaw?
maxillae
Letter A is the malleolus.
medial
The pterygoid processes of the sphenoid bone form the
medial and lateral pterygoid plates
Letter A indicates the ______.
medial malleolus
Contraction of the subscapularis ______ the arm, and contraction of the supraspinatus ______ the arm.
medially rotates, abducts
Melanin is transferred in membrane-bound vesicles from _____ to keratinocytes in the stratum basale.
melanocytes
PIgment producing cells of the epidermis are
melanocytes
b
merocrine sweat duct
a
merocrine sweat gland
The two types of sweat glands in the skin are ______ sweat glands and ______ sweat glands.
merocrine, apocrine
The embryonic ______ forms all connective tissues.
mesoderm
The foot pathology that is common in runners that put repetitive stress on their feet is
metatarsal stress fracture
The cytoskeleton has three separate protein filament components; they are ____________slightly larger intermediate filaments, and microtubules.
microfilaments
An organelle with a double membrane that can also self replicate is the ______.
mitochondrion
The coxal joint is ______ stable than the glenohumeral joint.
more
The embryonic connective tissue called the ______connective tissue is located in the umbilical cord only.
mucous
Ball-and-socket joints are
multiaxial
The bridge of the nose is formed by the bones.
nasal
The perpendicular plate and vomer come together to form the
nasal septum
The part of the femur between its head and shaft is called the ______ of the femur.
neck
are cell types in nervous tissue that are responsible for control and information processing.
neurons
When you move your occipital condyles against your vertebrae, you are ______.
nodding "yes"
is the cellular structure that contains genetic material and controls cellular activities.
nucleus
The parts of the subunits of ribosomes are assembled in the ______ while the subunits are assembled into ribosomes in the ______.
nucleus, cytosol
The location of the the orbicularis oris muscle is around the
opening of the mouth
The roof of the orbit is formed by the ______.
orbital plate of the frontal bone lesser wing of the sphenoid bone
A common misconception with a 'broken hip' is that the ______ is broken, which is false. Multiple choice question.
os coxae
The most common type of ankle sprain is due to
over-inversion
Serous membranes are composed of two parts: a ______ layer that lines the body cavity and a _____layer that covers organs.
parietal visceral
The superior lateral walls and roof of the cranium are formed by the
parietal bones
In the knee, the joint between the knee cap and the thigh bone is called the ______ joint.
patellofemoral
Letter A represents the dBlank 1Blank 1 d , Incorrect Unavailable line.
pectineal
The clavicle is the only direct connection between the ___ girdle and the _______skeleton
pectoral / axial
The anterior thoracic muscle that protracts and depresses the scapula is the
pectoralis minor
The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the ____ girdle and ___ girdle.
pelvic / shoulder
The dense irregular connective tissue covering of long bones is called th
periosteum
The superior portion of the nasal septum is formed by the
perpendicular plate
Excessively high longitudinal arches is the feet is a sign of
pes cavus
Melanosomes are transferred to keratinocytes in the stratum basale via the process of ______ or exocytosis
phagocytosis
Melanosomes are transferred to keratinocytes in the stratum basale via the process of ______ or exocytosis.
phagocytosis
In anatomy, a single hair is also called a(n)
pilus
gland is housed within the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone.
pituitary
Identify the type of synovial joint marked by the letter A.
plane
Fixed ribosomes synthesize proteins destined to be incorporated into the ______, exported from the cell, or housed within ______.
plasma membrane, lysosomes
The dorsum sella is the ______ border of the sella turcica.
posterior
curves are the thoracic and sacral curves.
primary
The thoracic and sacral curvatures of the vertebral column, which develop to accommodate the thoracic and abdominopelvic viscera, are classified as
primary curves
The forearm in this figure is exhibiting
pronation
The superficial anterior muscles of the forearm include
pronator teres flexor carpi radialis flexor carpi ulnaris palmaris longus
Functions of bone include ______.
protection of organs support of soft tissues storage of calcium
The amino acids dissolved in cytosol are used to synthesize new ______.
proteins
The secretion produced by apocrine sweat glands is viscous, cloudy, and composed of ______ that are acted upon by bacteria, producing a distinct, noticeable odor.
proteins and lipids
Muscles that move the pectoral girdle may
protract or retract the scapula elevate or depress the scapula
The glycocalyx helps the glycolipid molecules of the plasma membrane participate in cell-cell ______ intracellular ______ and communication
recognition and adhesion
Hemoglobin exhibits a ______ color.
red
The condyles of the tibia are
relatively flat surfaces on the head of the tibia
Cells of connective tissue that are stationary and help support, maintain, and repair extracellular matrix are
resident cells
Using electron microscopy improves________ of an image by more than a thousandfold compared to light microscopy
resolution or magnification
Choose the type of connective tissue one would find in the stroma of lymph nodes, in the spleen, the thymus and in bone marrow.
reticular
fibers contain the protein collagen and are thinner than collagen fibers.
reticular
The articular surfaces of the sacrum and ilia form the
sacroiliac
c
sebaceous gland
The secretions of sebaceous glands, called ______ is usually deposited into a ______.
sebum, hair follicle
The skin is said to be ______ because some materials are able to pass through it.
selectively permeable
The muscle indicated by the letter A in this posterior view of the neck is the
semispinalis capitis muscle
The anterior thoracic muscles that move the pectoral girdle are the
serratus anterior pectoralis minor subclavius
The anterior thoracic muscles that move the pectoral girdle are the
serratus anterior subclavius pectoralis minor
The prime mover of scapular protraction is the xBlank 1Blank 1 x , Incorrect Unavailable anterior.
serratus or Serratus
Most muscles of facial expression are innervated by the cBlank 1Blank 1 c , Incorrect Unavailable cranial nerve.
seventh, 7, 7th, VII, facial, or Seventh
The glenohumeral joint is more commonly called the ______ joint.
shoulder
Merocrine sweat glands are classified as ______ glands that release their secretion onto the surface of the skin.
simple, coiled, tubular
The paranasal help to lighten the weight of certain skull bones and provides resonance to the voice.
sinuses
Of the three major muscle types, the type shown here is _____muscle tissue.
skeletal, voluntary, or Skeletal
The head of the femur is
spherical
The muscle indicated by the letter A in this image is the
splenius capitis muscle
The muscle indicated by the letter A in this posterior view of the neck is the
splenius capitis muscle
A ______ is a stretching or tearing of ligaments without fracture or dislocation of the joint.
sprain
The epithelial tissue type shown here is called simple _____epithelium.
squamous
The muscle indicated by the letter A in the picture is the
sternocleidomastoid muscle
The clavicle extends between the manubrium of the pectoralBlank 1Blank 1 pectoral , Incorrect Unavailable and the acromion of the
sternum / scapula
A thin, pointed process located in the posterioinferior surface of the temporal bone is called the s
styloid
The muscle indicated by letter A is the ______ muscle.
subclavius
The brow ridges are known at the
superciliary arches
The muscle layers of the posterior compartment of the forearm are ______ layers.
superficial and deep
Functions of bone include
support of soft tissues protection of organs storage of calcium
The main function of the muscles of the pelvic diaphragm is to
support pelvic viscera
The muscles of the anterior neck that are superior to the hyoid bone are called
suprahyoid muscles
The immobile joint between the bones of the skull is called a(n``
suture
is an immovable joint forming the boundary between cranial bones.
suture
On many parts of the body, the components of the dermis include blood vessels, ______ glands, ______ glands, hair follicles, nail roots, sensory nerve endings, and smooth muscle tissue.
sweat, sebaceous
The skin houses two types of general exocrine glands, which are ________ glands and _______ glands.
sweat, sebaceous
The tendons of forearm muscles are individually surrounded by ______ sheaths and collectively held close to the carpal bones by fibrous bands of fascia called ______.
synovial, retinacula
Letter A represents a tarsal bone called the
talus
A joint. or articulation, can be between bones and
teeth
Dense regular connective tissue is found in ______.
tendons and ligaments
The flexor digitorum superficialis muscle attach to
the middle phalanges of fingers 2-5
Anterior muscles that move the pectoral girdle attach on
the ribs
The orbital part of the frontal bone forms ______.
the roof of the orbit
The pelvic diaphragm extends from the ossa coxae to
the sacrum and coccyx
There are three main variations in the epidermis. These variations are ______, ______, and skin markings.
thickness, coloration
The ligament that supports the knee on the medial side is called the ______ ligament.
tibial collateral medial collateral
Under normal conditions, some interstitial fluids slowly escape through the epidermis via a process called ______ water loss.
transepidermal
Metabolic regulation is a function of the integument.
true
True or false: All anterior muscles that move the pectoral girdle are deep to other thoracic muscles. True false question.
true
True or false: The serratus anterior muscle works with the pectoralis minor muscle and helps to stabilize the scapula.
true
True or false: There are a larger number of glial cells than neurons.
true
A gland with a secretory portion that is uniform in diameter to its duct is called
tubular
Microtubules are composed of a protein called ______.
tubulin
The entrance to the external acoustic meatus is located in the_____ part of the temporal bone.
tympanic, petrous
Supporting the weight of the head is a function of the adult
vertebral column
Supporting the weight of the head is a function of the adult ______.
vertebral column
Cells that move throughout connective tissues and are involved in immune protection are
wandering cells
The most common type of ankle sprain is due to
x
Carotene exhibits a ______ color.
yellow or orange