Module one

______ is required for osmosis to occur.

A selectively permeable membrane

_____is the scientific discipline that studies the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs; whereas, ____ is the discipline in which the function of body structures is the

Anatomy , Physiology

Cardiovascular System

Choice, Distributes hormones, nutrients, and gases; picks up waste products Distributes hormones, nutrients, and gases; picks up waste products

Urinary System matches

Choice, Filters the blood; concentrates waste products Filters the blood; concentrates waste products

Choose all that correctly describe the cardiovascular system.

Consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels Distributes hormones, nutrients, and gases Moves blood through blood vessels

is the viscous fluid of the cytoplasm.

Cytosol

Which of the following is NOT a function of human body cells?

Dedifferentiation

system functions in providing protection, regulating body

Integumentary

What are two main types of active transport methods?

Ion pumps Bulk transport

Which statements characterize cytosol?

It contains many dissolved solutes. It has a high water content. It is also called intracellular fluid. It contains proteins and carbohydrates.

Which of the following is not true regarding the cell membrane?

It is the cytosol.

Which are organs of the muscular system?

Pectoralis major muscle Orbicularis oculi muscle

Which of the following are found in the cell membrane?

Phospholipids Cholesterol Receptors Transport proteins

Which answers correctly describe the urinary system?

Removes waste products from blood Filters the blood Expels urine from the body

choose all that correctly describe the nervous system.

Responds to sensory stimuli ,Helps control all other organ systems of the body, Responsible for consciousness

Digestive System

Responsible for nutrient absorption

Which are functions of smooth ER?

Synthesis of lipids Transport of lipids Metabolism of carbohydrates Detoxification of alcohol

Integumentary System matches

Synthesizes vitamin D; prevents water loss

Which of the following statements correctly describe enzymes?

They are important for metabolic activities of a cell. They are catalysts. They are proteins. They change the rate of a chemical reaction.

Which statements are true regarding proteins?

They determine most of the membrane's functions. ,They make up about half of the plasma membrane by weight. ,They are made of smaller molecules called amino acids.

In the human body, epithelium is exemplified at which structural level of organization?

Tissue Level

Which answers correctly describe the lymphatic system?

Transports and filters lymph Can initiate an immune response

In facilitated diffusion, a substance moves down its concentration gradient. This process requires ______.

a transport protein

On the anterior surface of the body, the anatomical term for the region inferior to the thorax and superior to the hip bones is the _____region.

abdominal, umbilical, hypogastric

Active transport processes move substances across membranes against a concentration gradient. This process requires ______.

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

A patient has a bruise in his tarsal area. The bruise is on his

ankle

A patient has a bruise in his tarsal area. The bruise is on his ______.

ankle

Organs of the cardiovascular system include ______.

arteries veins the heart

Mammary is to _____ as brachial is to arm.

breast

The anatomical term for heel is

calcaneal

Enzymes are proteins that act as ______.

catalysts

The study of cells is called

cytology

The four major passive transport processes are simple______ facilitated ______, osmosis, and bulk

diffusion diffusion filtration

Cranial is to skull as auricular is to ______.

ear

Proteins in the plasma membrane perform a variety of functions including ______.

enzyme activity transport cell to cell recognition intercellular connection

Proteins in the plasma membrane perform a variety of functions including ______.

enzyme activity transport intercellular connection cell to cell recognition

In osmosis and simple diffusion, the net movement of molecules will continue until the concentration gradient no longer exists. This end point is called

equilibrium

Bulk transport refers to the movement of macromolecules across a selectively permeable membrane. There are two categories of bulk transport mechanisms,______ and ____

exocytosis endocytosis

Muscular System

generates heat, produces body movement

Lipids with attached carbohydrate groups are called

glycolipids

Bulk filtration is the process facilitated by the pressure of blood pushing against the inside wall of a small blood vessel. This pressure forces water and dissolved substances from the blood across the plasma membranes of cells lining the blood vessel. This type of pressure is referred to as________ pressures

hydrostatic

The right and left ______ regions are inferior areas located ______ to the hypogastric region.

iliac, lateral

The term endocytosis ______.

includes phagocytosis and pinocytosis

The extracellular fluid found in the microscopic spaces between closely-packed epithelial cells is called _____.

interstitial fluid

Active transport mechanisms that move ions across a selectively permeable membrane are referred to as ______ pumps.

ion

Organs of the thoracic cavity include the ______.

lungs trachea heart

What are the two categories of organelles?

membrane-bound and non-membrane-bound

Structures that cannot be observed by the unaided eye are examined in _____ anatomy.

microscopic , micro, or histology

The plane indicated in the figure by the letter A is the ______.

midsagittal plane

Examples of lipids include ______.

oils steroids cholesterol fats

level is the highest structural level of organization in the human body.

organismal, organism, body

The net diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called

osmosis

The serous membrane marked by the arrow in the figure is the

parietal peritoneum

The serous membrane indicated by the arrow in the figure is the ______.

parietal pleura

Floating downstream with a current is an analogy for ______.

passive transport

The body cavity medial to the pleural cavities is the ______ cavity.

pericardial

The cell structure that functions as a 'gatekeeper' to regulate the passage of gases, nutrients, and wastes between the internal and external environments is the ______.

plasma membrane

The three components of most human body cells are the ___________membrane, the ________which contains organelles, and the nucleus.

plasma or cytoplasm

membrane is also called the cell membrane.

plasma or cytoplasmic

Materials tend to move more rapidly when their concentrations are _____ between two compartments.

significantly different

Most passive transport mechanisms require a cell membrane to occur. The one passive process that does not require a membrane is _______.

simple diffusion

Which are organs of the skeletal system?

skull, Ribs

The liver contains abundant amounts of ______ to process digested nutrients and detoxify alcohol and drugs.

smooth er

The synthesis of steroid hormones occurs in the ______.

smooth er

The sodium-potassium pump transports ______

sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell

The sodium-potassium pump transports ______.

sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell

In diffusion, particles move until they are ______.

spread out evenly on each side of a membrane

Cholesterol is scattered within the hydrophobic regions of the phospholipid bilayer, where it strengthens the membrane and ______ it at extreme temperatures.

stabilizes

Organs of the abdominal cavity include the

stomach liver small intestine

Which of the following is a function of the integumentary system?

synthesizes vitamin D

The anatomical term for ankle is

tarsal, tarsus, or tarsals

Organs of the cranial cavity include ______.

the brain only

A football player was tackled in the fibular area. The player was tacked on ______.

the lateral aspect of the leg

True or false: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) uses an electron beam to create an image for viewing. True false question.

true

system filters the blood and removes waste products from blood

urinary

Organs of the female reproductive system include _____.

uterus ovary vagina

Organs of the female reproductive system include _____

vagina uterus ovary

The serous membrane designated by the arrow in the figure is the ______.

visceral peritoneum

Place the following layers of thin skin in order from superficial to deep. Position 1 of 4 Stratum spinosum incorrect toggle button unavailable Stratum spinosum

1. stratum corner 2. stratum granulosum 3. stratum spinosum 4. stratum basale

List the bones of the ankle/foot in order from proximal to distal.

1. tarsals metatarsals phalanges

Each foot has phalanges.

14 or fourteen

The catagen phase is a very short phase and lasts for about ______ weeks

3/4

The integument accounts for about _____% of the body weight.

8

On a normal scalp, about _______% of follicles are in the anagen phase.

80-95

Which letter represents the head of the fibula?

A

Mitochondria produce large amounts of the cell's energy in the form of _____. Thus mitochondria are often called the ______ of the cell.

ATP, powerhouses

Adhering junctions

Acts like a belt providing strength and support between cells

Identify the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the infraspinatus and teres minor.

Adduction of the arm Lateral rotation of the arm

These connective tissue cells are closely packed together and have nuclei squeezed to one side by the material that it stores.

Adipocytes

Which are examples of resident cells of connective tissue proper?

Adipocytes Fibroblasts Mesenchymal cells

Identify the location of the brachialis.

Anterior arm

Identify the location of the pronator quadratus.

Anterior forearm

Which of the following describes the location of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle?

Attached to the upper eyelid

Identify the letter corresponding to the biceps brachii in the figure.

B

Which letter represents the intertrochanteric line?

B

is the movement in an anterior-posterior plane that increases the angle between the articulating bones.

Blank 1: Extension

is shown in the figure. The palm of the hand is turning from a posterior position to an anterior position.

Blank 1: Supination or Rotation

This figure exhibits

Blank 1: adduction

In the figure, the letter A indicates xBlank 1Blank 1 x , Incorrect Unavailable and the letter B indicates xBlank 2

Blank 1: extension Blank 2: flexion

In the figure, letter A is indicating xBlank 1Blank 1 x , Incorrect Unavailable and letter B is indicating xBlank 2Blank 2 x , Incorrect Unavailable.

Blank 1: flexion Blank 2: extension or hyperextension

Looking at the figure, describe the actions. Letter A represents and letter B represents

Blank 1: hyperextension or extension Blank 2: flexion

An os coxae is made of three fused bones, which are the ilium, the and the

Blank 1: ischium Blank 2: pubis

The place of contact between bone and cartilage or between bones and other bones is called a(n)

Blank 1: joint or articulation

The motion in the figure is flexion.

Blank 1: lateral or angular

The type of fibrous joint shown here is called a(n

Blank 1: suture, synarthrosis, or synarthrotic

is a large, flat, diamond-shaped muscle that attaches to the skull, vertebral column, scapulae, and clavicles.

Blank 1: trapezius or Trapezius

Heat retention

Blanket of thick hair on scalp Blanket of thick hair on scalp

is a fluid connective tissue composed of formed elements and matrix.

Blood

Platelets

Blood clotting

Since there are no blood vessels in the epidermis, where does its supply of nutrients come from?

Blood vessels in dermis

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous

Body openings like the oral cavity, vagina and anus

Which terms correctly describe the scapula?

Broad Flat

Which pigments contribute to skin color? Select all that apply.

Carotene Hemoglobin Melanin

Which pigments contribute to skin color? Select all that apply.

Carotene Melanin Hemoglobin

Which cerebral lobe is housed within the anterior cranial fossa?

Cerebellum

Which parts of the skull are formed by the zygomatic bones?

Cheek Lateral wall of orbit

Visual identification

Color and density of hairs of scalp

Tight junction

Complete attachment between neighboring cells sealing off the intercellular space

Which statements describe the locations of epithelial tissue?

Covers body surfaces Lines many organs Lines body cavities Covers many organs

Which part of the ethmoid bone acts as an attachment site for the falx cerebri, a cranial dural septa that helps to stabilize the brain?

Crista galli

Which are parts of the ethmoid bone?

Crista galli Middle nasal conchae Superior nasal conchae

Which are functions of adipose tissue?

Cushions shock Provides padding Acts as an insulator to slow heat loss

Which muscle pulls the corners of the mouth inferiorly?

Depressor anguli oris

Which are classified as synovial joints?

Elbow Temporomandibular Glenohumeral Knee joint

is the superior movement of a body part.

Elevation

Keratinized stratified squamous

Epidermis of skin

Which are locations of synchondroses?

Epiphyseal plate Between rib/sternum

One of the four major tissue types in the human body, ______tissue acts as 'gatekeepers' in that it regulates the movement of materials in and out of certain body regions.

Epithelial

Which bone in the skull helps to form the floor of the cranium, the roof of the nasal cavity, and the medial wall of the orbit?

Ethmoid bone

Which muscles end in the suffix -glossus, meaning tongue?

Extrinsic tongue muscles

Which muscles protract, retract and elevate the tongue?

Extrinsic tongue muscles

Some muscles that move the head are attached to arm bones.

False

Identify the actions provided by contraction of the biceps brachii.

Flexion of the forearm

Which are the forearm muscles in the deep layer of the anterior compartment?

Flexor pollicis longus Pronator quadratus Flexor digitorum profundus

Which areas of the skull are formed by the temporal bones?

Floor of the cranium Inferior lateral walls

Which areas of the skull are formed in part by the ethmoid bone?

Floor of the cranium Medial wall of orbit Roof of the nasal cavity

Which foramina penetrate the greater wings of the sphenoid bone?

Foramen rotundum Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum

Which areas of the skull are formed in part by the frontal bone?

Forehead Calvaria Orbits

Which of the following is NOT a function of microtubules?

Formation of transport vesicles

Which muscle raises the eyebrows and wrinkles the skin of the forehead when it contracts?

Frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis

When you put your hand on your forehead, you are feeling which bone?

Frontal bone

is a simple movement in which two opposing surfaces slide slightly back-and-forth or side-to-side with respect to one another.

Gliding

Which of the following secretes mucin?

Goblet cells

Sensory reception

Hair root plexuses

Gap junctions

Has connexons which provide a pore or tunnel between cells

Which of the following are functions of the vertebral column?

Helps to transfer axial skeletal weight to the lower limbs Houses and protects the spinal cord Provides vertical support for the body

Which are classified as a ball-and-socket joint?

Hip joint Glenohumeral join

Which are classified as a ball-and-socket joint?

Hip joint Glenohumeral joint

Which of the following are functions of the vertebral column?

Houses and protects the spinal cord Helps to transfer axial skeletal weight to the lower limbs Provides vertical support for the body

Which of the following are functions of the vertebral column?

Houses and protects the spinal cord Provides vertical support for the body Helps to transfer axial skeletal weight to the lower limbs

cartilage is depicted here.

Hyaline or Articular

Which opening in the occipital bone allows the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) to exit the skull?

Hypoglossal canal

Leukocytes

Immunity

Which best describes the differences between sensible and insensible perspirations produced by sweat glands in the skin?

Insensible is in the form of water vapor and cannot be seen while sensible contains water and salts and can be seen.

What bone does letter A represent?

Intermediate cuneiform

Which is a syndesmosis?

Interosseous membrane

Which of the following muscles are responsible for the lateral flexion of the vertebral column?

Intertransversarii muscles

Facial muscles attach where?

Into the superficial fascia of the skin

Which muscles are within the tongue and allow the tongue to acts like a big muscle?

Intrinsic tongue muscles

What structure does letter A represent?

Ischial spine

Which statements describe the nuclear envelope?

It controls the entry of substances into the nucleus. It contains phospholipids. It is a double membrane. It has ribosomes attached to it.

Which statements describe the functions of the cytoskeleton?

It helps move organelles throughout the cell. It assists with cell motility. It provides structural support to cells. It stabilizes junctions between cells.

Which statements are true regarding cholesterol?

It is a type of lipid. , It strengthens the plasma membrane. , It is scattered within the hydrophobic regions of the phospholipid bilayer.

Which statements characterize smooth ER?

It is continuous with rough ER. ,It stores lipids. ,It does not have ribosomes attached to it.

Which of the following best describes the location of the serratus anterior?

It is located between the anterior surface of the ribs and the anterior surface of the scapula.

Which of the following best describes the location of the trapezius?

It is superficial to other posterior thoracic muscles that move the pectoral girdle.

What is the location of the frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle?

It is superficial to the frontal bone on the forehead.

Which statements characterize skeletal muscle tissue?

It is voluntary. It is striated. It is multinucleated.

Which statements correctly describe epithelial tissue?

It lacks blood vessels. It has a high regeneration capacity. It is richly innervated.

Which statements characterize simple squamous epithelial tissue?

It lines blood vessels. It allows for rapid diffusion or filtration.

Which of the following best describe(s) the actions of the subclavius?

It stabilizes the clavicle. It depresses the clavicle.

Which statements are true about the sodium-potassium pump?

It uses energy. ,It transports sodium and potassium ions from regions of low concentration to regions of high concentration.

Which describes the tissue type of the epidermis?

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Which facial bone helps to form the medial wall of the orbit?

Lacrimal bone

The types of movement that can occur between the vertebrae in the cervical and lumbar regions of the vertebral column are which of the following?

Lateral flexion

Which of the following joints has a gliding motion where two articular surfaces slide past each other?

Letter A

In the picture of blood, the letters A and B are indicating what type of cell?

Leukocyte

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar

Lines upper respiratory tract

Where might you find simple squamous epithelium?

Lining of air sacs (alveoli) of lungs Lining of lumen of blood vessels (endothelium)

Transitional

Lining of urinary bladder, ureters and part of the urethra

Which bone forms the lower jaw?

Mandible

Which of the following bones of the skull are formed by intramembranous ossification?

Mandible Frontal bone Maxillae Parietal bones

Choose the answers that correctly describe the digestive system

Mechanically digests food materials Expels waste products Absorbs nutrients Chemically digests food materials

What features of the sphenoid bone allow for the attachment of jaw muscles?

Medial and lateral pterygoid plates

are thin, microscopic projections extending from the surface of the plasma membrane. They are smaller than cilia.

Microvilli or microvilli

Which cranial fossa, formed by the parietal, sphenoid, and temporal bones, houses the temporal lobes of the cerebrum and part of the brainstem?

Middle cranial fossa

Which of the following is not part of the plasma membrane?

Mitochondria

Of the following, which is a main factor that influences membrane permeability?

Molecular size

Which structure is located within the lacrimal groove?

Nasolacrimal duct

are cell types in nervous tissue that are responsible for control and information processing.

Neurons, Nervous, or Neuron

Which criteria are used to classify epithelia?

Number of cell layers Shape of cells at apical surface

Which cranial nerve passes through the cribriform foramina in the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone?

Olfactory nerve (CN I)

Simple cuboidal

One layer of cells that are about as high as they are wide

Simple squamous

One layer of flat, wide irregular shaped cells

Simple columnar, ciliated

One layer of tall, narrow cells that can move objects along their apical surface

Simple columnar, nonciliated

One layer of tall, narrow cells that often contain microvilli

Which muscle assists in opposition of the thumb?

Opponens pollicis

Which passageway in the sphenoid bone allows the optic nerve (CN II) to enter the brain?

Optic canal

The letter C in this figure indicates the superior

Orbital

Which areas of the skull are formed in part by the frontal bone?

Orbits Calvaria Forehead

are complex, organized structures inside cells; they have unique characteristics and shapes.

Organelles

Which of the superficial anterior forearm muscles is absent in about 10% of individuals and only weakly assists in wrist flexion?

Palmaris longus

Which of the following are true of the female pelvis, in comparison to the male pelvis?

Pelvis is wider. Sacrum is shorter. Pelvis is shallower.

Which part of the temporal bone houses the sensory structures of the inner ear?

Petrous part

Which are considered the functions of connective tissue?

Physical protection Binding and support of structures Storage and transport

Which cranial fossa, formed by the occipital, temporal, and parietal bones, houses the cerebellum and part of the brainstem?

Posterior cranial fossa

Fibroblasts

Produce fibers and ground substance

Which answers correctly describe the male reproductive system?

Produces sperm Transfers sperm to the female Produces testosterone

Which are functions of rough ER?

Production of proteins Storage of proteins to be exported from the cell Formation of transport vesicles

are complex, diverse molecules composed of chains of amino acids.

Proteins

Which are functions of cranial bones?

Provide attachment sites for several jaw, head and neck muscles Surround and protect the brain

Which are functions of the basement membrane?

Provides physical support Acts as a barrier Anchors the epithelium to connective tissue

Which is NOT a type of connective tissue?

Pseudostratified connective tissue Simple squamous connective tissue

Which muscle(s) of the vertebral column attaches to the iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament?

Quadratus lumborum

Nucleoli are made up of ___________, enzymes, and other proteins.

RNA

Which of the following are posterior thoracic muscles that move the pectoral girdle?v

Rhomboid major Trapezius Levator scapulae Rhomboid minor

Which statements characterize rough ER?

Ribosomes are attached to rough ER. The amount of rough ER is greater in cells that produce a large amount of proteins for secretion.

Which of the following regions of the skull is formed by the parietal bones

Roof of the cranium

Which part of the orbit is formed by the orbital part of the frontal bone and lesser wing of the sphenoid bone?

Roof of the orbit

Which bones are part of the pelvis?

Sacrum Ossa coxae Coccyx

Protection

Scalp hair covers the scalp and shields it from sunburn and injury

Which of the following are functions of epithelial tissue?

Selective permeability Sensations Physical protection Secretions

Which area of the sphenoid bone houses the pituitary gland?

Sella turcica

Which of the following are attachment sites for facial muscles?

Skull bones Superficial fascia of skin

Adipocytes

Store lipid reserves

Which are the functions of bone?

Stores calcium and phosphorus Carries out hemopoiesis Protection of vital organs Provides levers for movement

Which thin, pointed projection of the temporal bone serves as an attachment site for several hyoid and tongue muscles?

Styloid process

Which muscle is inferior to the clavicle and stabilizes and depresses the clavicle?

Subclavius

Which are locations of areolar connective tissue?

Subcutaneous layer of skin Surrounding blood vessels Surrounding nerves

Which features on the external surface of the occipital bone, often more prominent in males, act as attachment sites for neck ligaments and muscles?

Superior nuchal line Inferior nuchal line

Which are locations of areolar connective tissue?

Surrounding blood vessels Subcutaneous layer of skin Surrounding nerves

Which are types of fibrous joints?

Sutures Gomphoses Syndesmoses

What type of joints is indicated by the arrows in the figure?

Synchondroses

occurs when the extra tissue between the digital rays doesn't undergo apoptosis.

Syndactyly

Which of the following joints is indicated here by the arrow?

Syndesmosis

Which bone consists of petrous, squamous, and tympanic parts?

Temporal bone

Which bones articulate at the mandibular fossa to form the temporomandibular joint

Temporal bone Mandible

hair is the type of hair that grows on the scalp, and is also the hair of eyebrows and pubic region. In men, it also grows on the face.

Terminal

Which statements characterize tight junctions?

The attach epithelial cells to neighboring epithelial cells. They seal off the intercellular spaces of epithelial cells. They encircle epithelial cells near their apical surfaces.

Which characteristics describe epithelial tissue?

The cells are bound closely together. The basal surface is bound to a basement membrane. It is composed almost entirely of cells.

Which statement is correct?

The cervical region of the vertebral column contains 7 vertebrae.

Which of the following correctly describes the tendons of the forearm muscles at the wrist joint?

The flexor retinaculum covers the palmar or anterior surface of the carpal bones.

The letter A indicates which muscle in the picture?

The masseter muscle

Which muscle acts to close the eyelid in a winking motion when it contracts?

The orbicularis oculi muscle

Which muscle contracts when you "pucker" your lips?

The orbicularis oris muscle

Which structure covers the anterior surface of the knee joint?

The tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle

Which are functions of the subcutaneous layer? Select all that apply. Multiple select question.

Thermal insulation Protection Energy reservoir

Fixed macrophages

These large cells phagocytize damaged cells and pathogens

Which of the following correctly describes the location of the rhomboids, both minor and major?

They are posterior thoracic muscles that are deep to the trapezius.

Which statements characterize microvilli?

They are smaller than cilia. They are microscopic projections of the plasma membrane. They function to increase the surface area of the plasma membrane.

Which statements characterize serous membranes?

They contain a parietal and visceral layer. The pericardium is an example.

The crural region only has one weight bearing bone. Identify the bone.

Tibia

Which are functions of the paranasal sinuses?

To lighten the weight of skull bones To humidify and warm inhaled air To provide resonance to the voice

Which are functions of the paranasal sinuses?

To provide resonance to the voice To lighten the weight of skull bones To humidify and warm inhaled air

Erythrocytes

Transport O2 and CO2 between lungs and body tissues

True or false: Ectrodactyly runs in families.

True

What passes through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae?

Vertebral arteries

Which part of the axial skeleton provides vertical support for the body while housing and protecting the spinal cord?

Vertebral column

Syndesmoses Sutures Gomphoses

Which are types of fibrous joints?

Which letter represents the intercondylar fossa?

a

The levator scapulae is

a posterior thoracic muscle that is deep to the trapezius

When you spread your fingers or toes apart, away from the longest digit, which acts like the midline, you are performing ______

abduction

The fibrocartilaginous ring that deepens the hip socket is the hipBlank 1Blank 1 hip , Incorrect Unavailable labrum.

acetabular

The fibrocartilaginous ring that deepens the hip socket is the labrum.

acetabular

Sacs that produce secretions of multicellular exocrine glands are ______.

acini

In the connective tissue illustrated here, the cell type at letter A is a(n)

adipocyte or adipocytes

The active growing phase of the hair growth cycle is called the ______ phase.

anagen

Letter A represents the

anatomical

The pectoralis minor is one of the ______ thoracic muscles that moves the pectoral girdle.

anterior

Anatomically, muscles that move the pectoral girdle are classified as

anterior or posterior thoracic

d

apocrine sweat gland

The humerus is a bone of the ______ skeleton.

appendicular

The type of loose connective tissue shown here is ______connective tissue.

areolar

This type of connective tissue is found nearly everywhere in the body. It is also found just deep to all epithelia. It is called ______ connective tissue.

areolar

The two types of connective tissue in the dermis are

areolar and dense irregular

b

arrestor pili

The repetitious compression and relaxation that occurs during exercise is vital for maintaining healthy cartilage, which covers the ends of the articulating bones in a synovial joint.

articular

The superior and inferior nuchal lines ar

attachment sites for neck muscles

Lysosomes remove old organelles through a process called _____.

autophagy

There are no blood vessels in the epidermis. The term for lack of blood vessels is

avascular

The two main divisions of the skeletal system are the

axial appendicular

All muscles that move the pectoral girdle attach the ______ to the scapula and clavicle.

axial skeleton

A ______ joint is indicated by the arrow in the figure.

ball-and-socket

The foramen in the greater wings of the sphenoid bone carry

blood vessels to meninges

The anterior, weight bearing part of each vertebra is known as the ______.

body

The type of connective tissue in the picture is called

bone, osseous, or skeletal

Muscles that move the head and neck attach to

bones of the pectoral girdle bones of the cranium bones of the thoracic cage bones of the vertebral column

Most nervous tissue is found in the

brain and spinal cord

A muscle in the cheek that infants use when they suckle is the xBlank 1Blank 1 x , Incorrect Unavailablemuscle

buccinator or Buccinator

During the fourth week of development limb begin to appear.

buds or formation

Identify the letter corresponding to the brachialis in the figure.

c

Letter A is the

calcaneous

The tarsal bones of the foot are analogous with the ______ bones of the wrist

carpal

Which muscle elevates the upper eyelid when you open your eyes?

cavity or space

Talipes equinovarus is also called

club foot

One of the main factors that influence membrane permeability is ______.

concentration gradient

Letter A represents the medial ______.

condyle

The function of the nucleus is to ______.

control cellular activities

The vertebral canal contains the spinal , while the intervertebral foramina allow for passage of the spinal nerves.

cord

The hip joint is also called the ______ joint.

coxal

fossae along the floor of the cranial cavity contain depressions for parts of the brain, grooves for blood vessels, and numerous foramina.

cranial

The anatomical term for the portion of the lower limb between the knee and the ankle is

crural

Letter A is the

cuboid or Cuboid

Cytosol and all the organelles suspended within it make up the ______ of a cell.

cytoplasm

The internal parts of cilia and flagella are made up of_____ and ______ They are enclosed by the plasma membrane.

cytoplasm microtubules

The _____ is composed of protein subunits organized either as filaments of hollow tubes. It has three separate components: microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments.

cytoskeleton

During exhalation, muscles of respiration

decrease the space of the thoracic cavity

The anterior and posterior compartments of the arm are surrounded by ______ and each houses skeletal muscles that perform ______ actions.

deep fascia, similar

The reticular layer of the dermis is ______.

deep to the papillary layer

The function of the connective tissue shown is to withstand stress applied in all directions and is extremely durable. It is

dense irregular

The function of the connective tissue shown is to withstand stress applied in all directions and is extremely durable. It is ______.

dense irregular

The type of connective tissue shown in the picture is called ______.

dense regular

Contraction of the pectoralis minor

depresses the scapula protracts the scapula

The medial malleolus is found on the ______ end of the tibia.

distal

Congenital absence of a digit is called

ectrodactyly

In the second step of wound healing, a blood clot temporarily patches the ______ of the wound together and acts as a barrier to prevent the entry of ______ into the body.

edges, pathogens

The muscles of the thenar and hypothenar group form fleshy masses, each called a(n) _______, a term given to a circumscribed area raised above the general level of the surrounding surface.

eminence

The skin is made up of two distinct layers, the _____ and the _____.

epidermis, dermis

In the picture of blood, letter A indicates ______ and letter B indicates ______.

erythrocytes, platelets

The crista galli of the ______bone acts as a point of attachment for the falx cerebri.

ethmoid

The crista galli of the bone acts as a point of attachment for the falx cerebri.

ethmoid

The crista galli z____bone acts as a point of attachment for the falx cerebri.

ethmoid

There are two types of melanin, _________ and pheomelanin, together they produce various ratios of yellow, reddish, tan, brown, and black shades.

eumelanin

The posterior compartment of the forearm contains muscles that ______ the wrist, the metacarpophalangeal joints, and interphalangeal joints.

extend

is the movement in an anterior-posterior plane that increases the angle between the articulating bones.

extension

The muscles that assist the serratus posterior superior muscles in expanding the thoracic cavity, by elevating the ribs, during inhalation are the ______ intercostals.

external

The anterolateral abdominal muscles include the

external oblique muscle transversus abdominis muscle internal oblique muscle

Most muscles of facial expression are innervated by the

facial nerve

True or false: Collagen fibers form a structural connective tissue framework which help them to support organs and resist external forces.

false

True or false: Muscles with proximal attachments anterior to the glenohumeral joint extend the arm.

false

Peroxisomes break down harmful substances including _____.

fatty acid molecules alcohol hydrogen peroxide

The condyles of the tibia articulate with the condyles of the

femur

Friction ridges on the tips of fingers are known as

fingerprints

Extrinsic muscles of the wrist and hand

flex or extend the hand and fingers

Muscles of the abdominal wall work together t

flex the vertebral column

Muscles of the abdominal wall work together to

flex the vertebral column

In general, the anterior compartment of the arm contains muscles that ______ the forearm at the elbow joint, while the posterior compartment contains muscles that ______ the forearm.

flex, extend

Bending your arm at the elbow is an example of

flexion

The name of the forearm muscle found in the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment is the

flexor digitorum superficialis

What structure does letter A represent?

fovea

The anterior part of the calvaria, the forehead, and the roof of the orbits receive contributions from the ______.

frontal bone

Nerve fibers in skin control ______. Select all that apply.

gland secretion rates blood flow

The glenohumeral joint is between the head of the humerus and the xBlank 1Blank 1 x , Incorrect Unavailablecavity of the scapula.

glenoid

motion, the angle between the bones does not change and only limited movement is possible in any direction.

gliding or nonaxial

The trochanters of the femur are attachment sites for

gluteal muscles

Braces on this joint place mechanical stress on the osteoblasts and osteoclasts to modify the alveolus. Name the joint.

gomphhosis

The bump indicated by the letter A is the trochanter.

greater

a

hair follicle

In the figure, the letter A is pointing to the

head of the femur

Many areas of spongy bone contain ______________ cells, which are responsible for producing new blood cells.

hematopoietic or hemopoietic

Sebaceous glands are classified as ______ glands that discharge an oily, waxy secretion called ______.

holocrine, sebum

Peroxisomes break down harmful substances including _____.

hydrogen peroxide fatty acid molecules alcohol

Which are bones of the appendicular skeleton?

i girdle Leg bones Pelvic girdle Hand bones

Simple cuboidal epithelium can be found ______.

in ducts of most glands in kidney tubules

Simple cuboidal epithelium can be found ______.

in kidney tubules in ducts of most glands

Hyaline cartilage is located ______.

in the fetal skeleton in the nose at the ends of long bones in costal cartilages

During inhalation, muscles of respiration

increase the space of the thoracic cavity

Flagella differ from cilia in that flagella usually occur _____ while cilia usually occur _____ on the cell surface.

individually, in large numbers

The muscle indicated by the letter A in the picture is the

inferior rectus muscle

Besides elevating the scapula, the levator scapulae also

inferiorly rotates the scapula

Muscles of the anterior neck that are inferior to the hyoid bone are called ______ muscles.

infrahyoid

The muscles of the anterior neck that are below the hyoid bone are called

infrahyoid or Infrahyoid

There are two types of proteins in the plasma membrane. These two types are ____ proteins, and _____ proteins.

integral, peripheral

discs are pads of fibrocartilage separating adjacent vertebral bodies.

intervertebral

Functions of muscle tissue include

involuntary movements of body organs propulsion of materials through digestive tract voluntary movements of body parts

The cutaneous membrane

is relatively dry compared to other membranes of the body contains keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue

In this picture of a synovial joint, letter B is pointing to the cavity which contains synovial fluid.

joint

The letter A is pointing to the capsule.

joint

In this picture of a synovial joint, letter B is pointing to the cBlank 1Blank 1 c , Incorrect Unavailable cavity which contains synovial fluid.

joint, synovial, articulation, or articular

The small, paired bones help to form part of the medial wall of the orbit

lacrimal

the ___ surfaces of epithelial cells contain intercellular junctions.

lateral

The ligament on the lateral side of the knee is called the ______ ligament.

lateral collateral fibular collateral

Letter A indicates the ______.

lateral condyle

Letter A is the ______.

lateral malleolus

The motion in the figure is xBlank 1Blank 1 x , Incorrect Unavailable flexion.

lateral or angular

The muscle indicated by the letter A in the picture is the

lateral rectus muscle

The articular capsule of a synovial joint comes from

laterally placed mesenchyme

Skin is classified as either thick or thin based on two parameters. These are the number of ______ in the epidermis and the relative thickness of the epidermis, rather than the thickness of the entire integument.

layers

The hip joint is more stable and ______ mobile than the glenohumeral joint because it supports the body weight.

less

In the figure, letter A represents the xBlank 1Blank 1 x , Incorrect Unavailable trochanter.

lesser

The roof of the orbit is formed by the

lesser wing of the sphenoid bone orbital plate of the frontal bone

Which of the following joints has a gliding motion where two articular surfaces slide past each other?

letter a

The muscle of facial expression indicated in the image by the letter A is the

levator labii superioris

Sprains take a relatively long time to heal because

ligaments are poorly vascularized

Hair is found almost everywhere on the body except the

lips palms of the hands soles of the feet

Letter A represents a process called the lateral

malleolus

The temporal bone and mandible articulate to form the tempormandibular joint at the

mandibular fossa

Examples of wandering cells of connective tissue proper are

mast cells plasma cells free macrophages

Which bones come together to form the upper jaw?

maxillae

Letter A is the malleolus.

medial

The pterygoid processes of the sphenoid bone form the

medial and lateral pterygoid plates

Letter A indicates the ______.

medial malleolus

Contraction of the subscapularis ______ the arm, and contraction of the supraspinatus ______ the arm.

medially rotates, abducts

Melanin is transferred in membrane-bound vesicles from _____ to keratinocytes in the stratum basale.

melanocytes

PIgment producing cells of the epidermis are

melanocytes

b

merocrine sweat duct

a

merocrine sweat gland

The two types of sweat glands in the skin are ______ sweat glands and ______ sweat glands.

merocrine, apocrine

The embryonic ______ forms all connective tissues.

mesoderm

The foot pathology that is common in runners that put repetitive stress on their feet is

metatarsal stress fracture

The cytoskeleton has three separate protein filament components; they are ____________slightly larger intermediate filaments, and microtubules.

microfilaments

An organelle with a double membrane that can also self replicate is the ______.

mitochondrion

The coxal joint is ______ stable than the glenohumeral joint.

more

The embryonic connective tissue called the ______connective tissue is located in the umbilical cord only.

mucous

Ball-and-socket joints are

multiaxial

The bridge of the nose is formed by the bones.

nasal

The perpendicular plate and vomer come together to form the

nasal septum

The part of the femur between its head and shaft is called the ______ of the femur.

neck

are cell types in nervous tissue that are responsible for control and information processing.

neurons

When you move your occipital condyles against your vertebrae, you are ______.

nodding "yes"

is the cellular structure that contains genetic material and controls cellular activities.

nucleus

The parts of the subunits of ribosomes are assembled in the ______ while the subunits are assembled into ribosomes in the ______.

nucleus, cytosol

The location of the the orbicularis oris muscle is around the

opening of the mouth

The roof of the orbit is formed by the ______.

orbital plate of the frontal bone lesser wing of the sphenoid bone

A common misconception with a 'broken hip' is that the ______ is broken, which is false. Multiple choice question.

os coxae

The most common type of ankle sprain is due to

over-inversion

Serous membranes are composed of two parts: a ______ layer that lines the body cavity and a _____layer that covers organs.

parietal visceral

The superior lateral walls and roof of the cranium are formed by the

parietal bones

In the knee, the joint between the knee cap and the thigh bone is called the ______ joint.

patellofemoral

Letter A represents the dBlank 1Blank 1 d , Incorrect Unavailable line.

pectineal

The clavicle is the only direct connection between the ___ girdle and the _______skeleton

pectoral / axial

The anterior thoracic muscle that protracts and depresses the scapula is the

pectoralis minor

The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the ____ girdle and ___ girdle.

pelvic / shoulder

The dense irregular connective tissue covering of long bones is called th

periosteum

The superior portion of the nasal septum is formed by the

perpendicular plate

Excessively high longitudinal arches is the feet is a sign of

pes cavus

Melanosomes are transferred to keratinocytes in the stratum basale via the process of ______ or exocytosis

phagocytosis

Melanosomes are transferred to keratinocytes in the stratum basale via the process of ______ or exocytosis.

phagocytosis

In anatomy, a single hair is also called a(n)

pilus

gland is housed within the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone.

pituitary

Identify the type of synovial joint marked by the letter A.

plane

Fixed ribosomes synthesize proteins destined to be incorporated into the ______, exported from the cell, or housed within ______.

plasma membrane, lysosomes

The dorsum sella is the ______ border of the sella turcica.

posterior

curves are the thoracic and sacral curves.

primary

The thoracic and sacral curvatures of the vertebral column, which develop to accommodate the thoracic and abdominopelvic viscera, are classified as

primary curves

The forearm in this figure is exhibiting

pronation

The superficial anterior muscles of the forearm include

pronator teres flexor carpi radialis flexor carpi ulnaris palmaris longus

Functions of bone include ______.

protection of organs support of soft tissues storage of calcium

The amino acids dissolved in cytosol are used to synthesize new ______.

proteins

The secretion produced by apocrine sweat glands is viscous, cloudy, and composed of ______ that are acted upon by bacteria, producing a distinct, noticeable odor.

proteins and lipids

Muscles that move the pectoral girdle may

protract or retract the scapula elevate or depress the scapula

The glycocalyx helps the glycolipid molecules of the plasma membrane participate in cell-cell ______ intracellular ______ and communication

recognition and adhesion

Hemoglobin exhibits a ______ color.

red

The condyles of the tibia are

relatively flat surfaces on the head of the tibia

Cells of connective tissue that are stationary and help support, maintain, and repair extracellular matrix are

resident cells

Using electron microscopy improves________ of an image by more than a thousandfold compared to light microscopy

resolution or magnification

Choose the type of connective tissue one would find in the stroma of lymph nodes, in the spleen, the thymus and in bone marrow.

reticular

fibers contain the protein collagen and are thinner than collagen fibers.

reticular

The articular surfaces of the sacrum and ilia form the

sacroiliac

c

sebaceous gland

The secretions of sebaceous glands, called ______ is usually deposited into a ______.

sebum, hair follicle

The skin is said to be ______ because some materials are able to pass through it.

selectively permeable

The muscle indicated by the letter A in this posterior view of the neck is the

semispinalis capitis muscle

The anterior thoracic muscles that move the pectoral girdle are the

serratus anterior pectoralis minor subclavius

The anterior thoracic muscles that move the pectoral girdle are the

serratus anterior subclavius pectoralis minor

The prime mover of scapular protraction is the xBlank 1Blank 1 x , Incorrect Unavailable anterior.

serratus or Serratus

Most muscles of facial expression are innervated by the cBlank 1Blank 1 c , Incorrect Unavailable cranial nerve.

seventh, 7, 7th, VII, facial, or Seventh

The glenohumeral joint is more commonly called the ______ joint.

shoulder

Merocrine sweat glands are classified as ______ glands that release their secretion onto the surface of the skin.

simple, coiled, tubular

The paranasal help to lighten the weight of certain skull bones and provides resonance to the voice.

sinuses

Of the three major muscle types, the type shown here is _____muscle tissue.

skeletal, voluntary, or Skeletal

The head of the femur is

spherical

The muscle indicated by the letter A in this image is the

splenius capitis muscle

The muscle indicated by the letter A in this posterior view of the neck is the

splenius capitis muscle

A ______ is a stretching or tearing of ligaments without fracture or dislocation of the joint.

sprain

The epithelial tissue type shown here is called simple _____epithelium.

squamous

The muscle indicated by the letter A in the picture is the

sternocleidomastoid muscle

The clavicle extends between the manubrium of the pectoralBlank 1Blank 1 pectoral , Incorrect Unavailable and the acromion of the

sternum / scapula

A thin, pointed process located in the posterioinferior surface of the temporal bone is called the s

styloid

The muscle indicated by letter A is the ______ muscle.

subclavius

The brow ridges are known at the

superciliary arches

The muscle layers of the posterior compartment of the forearm are ______ layers.

superficial and deep

Functions of bone include

support of soft tissues protection of organs storage of calcium

The main function of the muscles of the pelvic diaphragm is to

support pelvic viscera

The muscles of the anterior neck that are superior to the hyoid bone are called

suprahyoid muscles

The immobile joint between the bones of the skull is called a(n``

suture

is an immovable joint forming the boundary between cranial bones.

suture

On many parts of the body, the components of the dermis include blood vessels, ______ glands, ______ glands, hair follicles, nail roots, sensory nerve endings, and smooth muscle tissue.

sweat, sebaceous

The skin houses two types of general exocrine glands, which are ________ glands and _______ glands.

sweat, sebaceous

The tendons of forearm muscles are individually surrounded by ______ sheaths and collectively held close to the carpal bones by fibrous bands of fascia called ______.

synovial, retinacula

Letter A represents a tarsal bone called the

talus

A joint. or articulation, can be between bones and

teeth

Dense regular connective tissue is found in ______.

tendons and ligaments

The flexor digitorum superficialis muscle attach to

the middle phalanges of fingers 2-5

Anterior muscles that move the pectoral girdle attach on

the ribs

The orbital part of the frontal bone forms ______.

the roof of the orbit

The pelvic diaphragm extends from the ossa coxae to

the sacrum and coccyx

There are three main variations in the epidermis. These variations are ______, ______, and skin markings.

thickness, coloration

The ligament that supports the knee on the medial side is called the ______ ligament.

tibial collateral medial collateral

Under normal conditions, some interstitial fluids slowly escape through the epidermis via a process called ______ water loss.

transepidermal

Metabolic regulation is a function of the integument.

true

True or false: All anterior muscles that move the pectoral girdle are deep to other thoracic muscles. True false question.

true

True or false: The serratus anterior muscle works with the pectoralis minor muscle and helps to stabilize the scapula.

true

True or false: There are a larger number of glial cells than neurons.

true

A gland with a secretory portion that is uniform in diameter to its duct is called

tubular

Microtubules are composed of a protein called ______.

tubulin

The entrance to the external acoustic meatus is located in the_____ part of the temporal bone.

tympanic, petrous

Supporting the weight of the head is a function of the adult

vertebral column

Supporting the weight of the head is a function of the adult ______.

vertebral column

Cells that move throughout connective tissues and are involved in immune protection are

wandering cells

The most common type of ankle sprain is due to

x

Carotene exhibits a ______ color.

yellow or orange