MS1 cumulative final practice exam #3

The nurse is using clarification with the client. Which best illustrates clarification?

"I was in the hospital 2 years ago and I swore I would never come here again." NURSE: "You were dissatisfied with your stay?"

The nurse tells the nursing students that negative and positive feedback mechanisms influence hormonal blood levels. Based on this information, what occurs in a negative feedback system or loop?

1. Ceases hormone secretion 2. Inhibits glandular response

The nurse is suctioning a client through a tracheostomy tube. The nurse plans to apply suction during the withdrawal of the catheter for no longer than:

10 seconds

Sperm survive better and have better mobility in a medium that has a pH of

8.2

The nurse is using a pulse oximeter to determine the percentage of oxygen saturation in a client's blood before administering oxygen to the client. Which of the following pulse oximetry levels indicates that the client needs supplemental oxygen?

90%

The nurse is reviewing with the client the three major layers of the heart wall and how they relate to the pericardium. What is the best description by the nurse to the client about the endocardium layer of the heart?

A membrane lining the heart's interior wall

A client with an infection in the ears visits a healthcare facility. The client wants to know the cause of the infection. Based on this data collection from the client, which reason should the nurse identify as the most likely cause of the ear infection to the client?

Accumulation of cerumen

A nurse is providing postoperative care to a 30-year-old client in the nursing unit following a surgical procedure under general anesthesia. What must the nurse perform when assisting the client to use the incentive spirometer?

Ask the client to inhale slowly with 8 to 10 repetitions.

The nurse is reviewing the categories of metabolism with a client who has recently had gastrointestinal surgery of the stomach, gallbladder, pancreas, and liver for cancer. Based on this information, what is the best description of catabolism the nurse can give to the client?

Breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules

Which hormone released by the adrenal medulla mimics the action of the sympathetic nervous system?

Catecholamine

A nurse is required to know and understand body structures, body functions, and disorders of functioning. The nurse is educating a client who has a torn ligament about the injury. Based on this information, what should the nurse tell the client is the function of a ligament?

Connects bones to one another in the body

A 55-year-old female client reports increased coarse facial hair growth. What should the nurse identify as the cause of this situation?

Decrease of female hormones

An elderly client is admitted to a healthcare facility with shortness of breath. An x-ray study indicates left lower lobe pneumonia. The client asks the nurse why the elderly are more susceptible to pneumonia. What would be the best explanation by the nurse to the client about the reason that the elderly are more susceptible to pneumonia?

Decreased secretion of mucus in the respiratory lining

The nurse is reviewing the diagnostic laboratory results for a client. The body needs all electrolytes and more for normal functioning of nerves and muscles, developing body cells, blood clotting, and coordinating all body activities. Based on this information, the nurse notices that the client's potassium is low. What food sources should the nurse encourage the client to eat to help raise the potassium level?

Dry fruits, nuts, and many vegetables

A nurse is caring for a 50-year-old client who had abdominal surgery. Which must the nurse ensure specifically to prevent the occurrence of atelectasis in this client?

Ensure that the incision area is supported and splinted with a pillow when taking a deep breath.

The nurse is reviewing the anatomy and physiology of the nephron with a group of nursing students. The nurse educator asks a nursing student to describe the function of the proximal convoluted tubule. What is the best explanation for the function of the proximal convoluted tubule

Glucose, amino acids, and salts are actively transported across membranes and returned to the blood

During a lecture on the lymphatic system, the nurse explains to the student nurses the constituents of lymph and the networking of lymphatic vessels. Based on this information, what would be the best information to provide about lymphatic vessels?

Have one-way values that prevent backflow

What information should the nurse provide the client when discussing the vitreous humor? Select all that apply.

Helps maintain the eyeball's shape, Contributes to intraocular pressure

The purpose of TEDS (antiembolism stockings) postoperatively is to

Increase venous blood return and reduce the risk of clot formation

The nurse is explaining to a client with cystic fibrosis the goals of the oxygen therapy prescribed for her. Which of the following is a therapeutic effect of oxygen administration?

It decreases the heart's work in pumping blood and eases the heart's load.

To be able to care for clients with disorders of the male reproductive system effectively, a nurse needs to understand the functions of the various organs of the male reproductive system. Based on this understanding, what is seminal fluid alkaline?

Maintains sperm motility and viability

The nurse teaches the client's wife how to perform passive range of motion exercises on her husband who is in a coma. When teaching the client's wife about passive range of motion, which instruction is most accurate?

Move all extremities in as many directions as possible

A nurse is explaining the importance of chemotaxis and phagocytosis in fighting invading organisms and other foreign materials. What would be the best explanation by the nurse to the client about the role of chemotaxis in fighting invading organisms and other foreign materials?

Moving directly to sites of infection or damaged tissues as a result of their attraction to specific chemicals

The client tells the nurse that she fractured her leg more than a year ago. The x-ray shows an increase in calcified tissue. Based on this information, the nurse asks the student nurse to locate information that best describes the formation of bone caused by an increase in calcified tissue. What term should the student nurse reference on the Internet that describes this condition?

Ossification

Most digestive processes occur in the small intestine. The nurse is reviewing with a client who has had gastrointestinal surgery that these intestinal enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts, which promote and speed up chemical reactions. Based on this information, which enzyme would be the best response from the client about the enzymes that are responsible for facilitating the formation of proteins into amino acids?

Pepsin Trypsin

What are the primary functions of the integumentary system?

Protection, Thermoregulation, Metabolism, Sensation

A client with loss of control over his voluntary movements is admitted to a healthcare facility. Of which functions performed by the motor neurons should the nurse be aware?

Receive and transmit messages from the central nervous system (CNS)

Arterial blood gases are measured in a laboratory test to determine the extent of compensation by the buffer system. There are major regulatory systems of body pH. Which information best describes the physiologic regulatory system?

Regulated by the lungs Regulated by the kidneys

A nurse is caring for a male client undergoing chemotherapy. The client is depressed and does not want to continue with the treatment. How can the nurse best help this client?

Respect the client's rights and develop rapport

A basketball player who has injured his shoulder during the game is admitted to a healthcare facility. The physician has diagnosed an injury to the cervical plexus in the client. Which effects of an injury to the cervical plexus should the nurse be aware of?

Respiratory arrest

A nurse is taking care of a client with abnormal blood cells. The nurse reviews with the client that blood is composed of plasma and formed elements, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. What is the function of red blood cells that the nurse should review with the client?

Responsible for carrying oxygen

Although the skeleton determines the size of the body's framework, muscle and fat determine body shape. The student nurse is preparing a chart on the various types of muscles. Based on her information, what should be included about smooth muscles?

Responsible for motion inside body organs and structures under involuntary control

The nurse has applied a bandage to a lower extremity on a client. The nurse has to evaluate the status of the extremity encased in the bandage by completing a peripheral neurovascular assessment with the RN. What observations and assessment have to be completed as part of the peripheral neurovascular assessment (CMS assessment check)?

Skin color, Toe mobility, Sensation in toes, Capillary refill of toenail beds

The type of muscle found in the heart is

Striated involuntary

The nurse is monitoring the client's vital signs after surgery and observing the client for immediate postoperative complication. The nurse suspects that the client is going into shock. What sign could indicate the immediate postoperative complication of shock?

Tachycardia, thready pulse

A nurse is caring for a client who underwent a tracheostomy (trach) following throat surgery. What is the rationale for swabbing the area around the outside of the trach tube with hydrogen peroxide?

To remove encrusted secretions

A nurse is caring for a client who does not speak the same language as the nurse. Which is a nonverbal form of communication that the nurse can use when communicating with the client and client's family?

Using a picture board

A nurse is caring for an adolescent girl experiencing menstruation for the first time. What are the changes that occur in the body at this stage that the nurse should share with the adolescent girl?

breast development

The nurse is preparing to discharge a client who is on supplemental oxygen to his home. Which of the following oxygen delivery systems is widely used in home care settings for its safety and convenience?

concentrator

A nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted for eye surgery. As part of client education, the nurse is required to explain the function of the various structures of the eye. Several cranial nerves are involved in vision. What is the function of the oculomotor nerve?

constricts and dilates the pupil

The nurse assists and educates clients about blood pressure regulation. The nurse asks the client what the number 80 in the blood pressure 120/80 represents. Which response by the client demonstrates the correct understanding of the basic concepts of blood pressure?

diastolic pressure

A nurse is required to know and understand body structures, body functions, and disorders of functioning. The nurse is explaining the concept of cellular respiration to a client who has recently been diagnosed with anemia. Based on this information, what should the nurse tell the client is the constituent of blood that carries the oxygen needed for cellular respiration?

erythrocytes

Which nursing intervention focuses on the dysfunction of the external ear

flushing the ear to remove an insect

The chief function of teeth is to break food into smaller particles. The nurse is reviewing with the client the different types of teeth and their function. Which statement by the client indicates the best understanding of the function of the cuspids?

hold and tear food

The nurse observes a client that is having difficulty breathing and sees that the client is using accessory muscles. Based on this information, in which age group is the use of accessory muscles particularly diagnostic of respiratory distress?

infants

The five steps of the nursing process parallel the steps of scientific problem-solving. In the steps in scientific problem-solving the nurse formulates a tentative solution to the client's problem. Which related step is in the nursing process?

planning

The nurse is reviewing with a group of high school students that the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonads all contribute to hormonal regulation of the female reproductive system. Based on this information, what is the specific hormone that functions primarily during pregnancy?

progesterone

A student nurse is reviewing the documentation about a client's past history of spine abnormalities. The medical history identifies that surgery has occurred in the lumbar vertebrae. Based on this information, the student nurse would correctly identify the location of a scar in which region when collecting data?

small of the back

Which portion of the brain is responsible for maintaining long-term memory

the limbic system

A nurse is conducting a session on the respiratory system for a group of nursing students. The nurse is reviewing the anatomic relationships between the larynx, trachea, and esophagus. What structures are located in the pharynx?

trachea, esophagus