MUSCULOSKELETAL PORTION (FINAL)
A client is diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome. What does the nurse expect to find when assessing movement of the hand?
Inability to flex index and middle fingers
Which type of fracture involves a break through only part of the cross-section of the bone?
Incomplete
When handling a plaster cast, it is important to handle the cast with your ________ until dry
palms
Treatment for a fat embolism is supportive, meaning treatment usually includes
rest, IV fluids, and oxygen
Clonus
rhythmic contractions of a muscle
A client reports being consistently tired, with no energy. The client's CBC indicates low hemoglobin. Where is hemoglobin manufactured?
ribs
A first-degree strain involves mild stretching of the muscle or tendon, causing
some edema and muscle spasms
A casted extremity should be elevated frequently to heart level or higher to prevent
swelling
A client reports to the emergency department after experiencing pain in the left arm. The client reports having extended both arms in an attempt to prevent a fall. Which fracture type does the nurse anticipate?
Colles Fracture
Colles fracture occurs in which area?
Distal radius
What diagnostic test is used to evaluate spinal nerve root disorders?
Electromyogram
Which term refers to a fracture in which one side of a bone is broken and the other side is bent?
Greenstick
Which type of cast encloses the trunk and a lower extremity?
Hip Spica
Following an arthrogram, what nursing actions are most important?
Ice, elevation, and rest
A patient has a long leg cast applied. Where does the nurse understand a common pressure problem may occur?
Peroneal nerve
CPM increases the ________ of the joint
ROM
A client experiences an acute bout of gouty arthritis. The nurse expects the client's affected foot to have what appearance?
Red
What is the difference between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis?
Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease and osteoarthritis is not
Which device is designed specifically to initially support and immobilize a body part in a desired position until swelling subsides?
Splint
A sudden inability of pain medication to relieve pain may be an early sign of
acute compartment syndrome
Prednisone is a corticosteroid that acts as an anti-inflammatory agent. Stopping the medication suddenly may result in
adrenal insufficiency
An x-ray is done (before/after) a cast is applied to check bone alignment?
after
The earliest sign of a fat embolism is
an alteration in mental status
Fusion of a joint (most often the wrist or knee) for stabilization and pain relief is known as
arthrodesis
Clients with gout should avoid all products containing
aspirin
Halo traction is used for
cervical bone fractures
A second-degree strain is the partial tearing of a muscle or tendon, leading to the inability to bear weight and causes
edema, muscle tenderness, muscle spasm, and ecchymosis
Following a BKA, dressing changes should occur at least
every 24 hours or per facility protocol
Dorsiflexion _____________ signs and symptoms of a ganglion.
exacerbates
Treatment for compartment syndrome includes
fasciotomy and potential amputation
A client can take aspirin with ________, __________, or ____________ to reduce GI upset
food, milk, large glass of water
A ganglion is the most common benign soft-tissue mass in the
hand
Buck's traction is used in adults for _______ fractures
hip
An _____________ from any source in the body is a contraindication to a total joint replacement
infection
Skeletal traction is used for
long bone fractures
Phantom pain is a normal occurrence after an amputation and should be treated with
medication
Radiographic evaluation of a client's fracture reveals that a bone fragment has been driven into another bone fragment. The nurse identifies this as which type of fracture?
Impacted
Bone mass peaks at around age
30
Dupuytren's contracture causes flexion of the
4th and 5th fingers
The nurse is caring for a patient after arthroscopic surgery for a rotator cuff tear. The nurse informs the patient that full activity can usually resume after what period of time?
6-12 months
To prevent the complication of skin breakdown in a client with skeletal traction, the pin insertion site should be assessed every
8 hours
The nurse is planning care for a client with a musculoskeletal injury. Which nursing diagnosis would be the highest priority?
Acute pain
Which nursing intervention is appropriate for monitoring the client for the development of Volkmann's contracture?
Assess the radial pulse
A patient obtains a fracture of the radius. In what type of bone tissue did the fracture most likely occur?
Cancellous
Raloxifene is contraindicated for patients with a history of
DVT
An x-ray demonstrates a fracture in which the fragments of bone are driven inward. This type of fracture is referred to as
Depressed
A client with a fracture develops compartment syndrome that requires surgical intervention. What treatment will the nurse would most likely prepare the client for?
Fasciotomy
The nurse is caring for a patient postoperatively following orthopedic surgery. The nurse assesses an oxygen saturation of 89%, confusion, and a rash on the upper torso. What does the nurse suspect is occurring with this patient?
Fat emboli syndrome
A patient with a hip fracture has petechiae on their chest, dyspnea, and a decrease in oxygen saturation. What fracture complication is suspected?
Fat embolism
Which term refers to mature compact bone structures that form concentric rings of bone matrix?
Lamellae
The nurse is caring for a client who has a deficiency in the formation of cartilage in joints. Which essential substance is absent?
Matrix
Which term refers to the failure of fragments of a fractured bone to heal together?
Nonunion
Compartment Syndrome Symptoms (5 P's)
Pain, paresthesia, paralysis, pallor, pulselessness
What assessment findings of the leg are consistent with a fracture of the femoral neck?
Shortened, adducted, and externally rotated
What is the priority intervention after the administration of alendronate to prevent irritation and potential ulceration of the esophagus?
Sit upright for at least 30 minutes
A nurse is assigned to support a patient while a cast is being applied to treat a greenstick fracture. The nurse documents that this fracture is classified as what type of fracture?
Incomplete
A client's fracture was reduced by surgically exposing the bone and realigning it. What type of treatment does the nurse identity this as?
Open reduction
Localized rapid bone turnover, most commonly affecting the skull, femur, tibia, pelvic bones, and vertebrae, is characterized by which bone disorder?
Osteitis Deformans
Conservative treatment of a compressed nerve root is first line treatment. What conservative treatment is used to increase the distance between vertebrae and decrease severe muscle spasm?
Skin Traction
Compartment syndromes
Increase in pressure in the muscle compartment impairing circulation to that extremity
A patient should not cover a fiberglass cast with plastic or rubber because it can cause
condensation
Probenecid is an antigout medication that increases the excretion of uric acid. Because of this, it is important to
drink 6-8 glasses of water each day
A third-degree tear is severe muscle and/or tendon tearing, causing
severe pain, muscle spasms, ecchymosis, edema, and loss of function