NC BLET CPR

How often should rescue breaths be given in infants and children when a pulse is present?

1 breath every 3 to 5 seconds.

Children

1 year of age to puberty

Only about ______ of adult patient with nontraumatic cardiac arrest who are treated by emergency medical services (EMS) survive to hospital discharge.

10%

What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for a 7-year-old child when 2 or more rescuers are present?

15 compressions to 2 breaths.

What is the ratio of chest compressions to breaths when providing CPR to an adult?

30 compressions to 2 breaths

What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for a single rescuer of a 3-year-old child?

30 compressions to 2 breaths.

What is the appropriate action to demonstrate closed-loop communication when the team leader assigns you a task?

Repeat back to the team leader the task you were assigned.

A _______________ occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked.

heart attack

What action should you take when the AED is analyzing the heart rhythm?

Stand clear of the victim.

When you shout for nearby help several rescuers respond, and you ask them to activate the emergency equipment. As you check for a pulse and breathing, you notice that the man is gasping for air and making "snoring" sounds. You do not feel a pulse. What is your next action?

Start high-quality CPR, beginning with chest compressions.

What do you do when a victim is not breathing but has a pulse?

Start rescue breathing.

__________________ occurs when the heart develops an abnormal rhythm and can't pump blood.

Sudden cardiac arrest

After performing high-quality CPR for 5 minutes, the team leader frequently interrupts chest compressions to check for a pulse even though the victim has no organized rhythm when the AED analyzes the rhythm. Which action demonstrates constructive intervention?

Suggest to resume chest compressions without delay.

The team leader asks you to perform bag-mask ventilation during a resuscitation attempt, but you have not perfected that skill. What would be an appropriate action to acknowledge your limitations?

Tell the team leader that you are not comfortable performing that task.

What are the rate and depth for chest compressions on an adult?

A rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute and a depth of at least 2 inches.

Adults

Adolescents (after the onset of puberty) and older

Wheezing between coughs is an example of a mild foreign-body __________________?

Airway obstruction.

For what age victim is the 2 thumb-encircling hands technique recommended when 2 or more rescuers are present?

An infant younger than 1 year.

What is the correct chest compression depth for an infant?

At least one third the depth of the chest, or about 1.5 inches.

What is the correct chest compression depth for a child?

At least one third the depth of the chest, or about 2 inches.

If a victim of cardiac arrest has an implanted pacemaker or defibrillator, what special steps should be taken?

Avoid placing the AED pad directly over the implanted device.

What action should you take when more rescuers arrive?

Assign tasks to other rescuers and rotate compressors every 2 minutes or more frequently if needed to avoid fatigue.

You encounter an unresponsive 56-year-old man who has been taking hydrocodone after a surgical procedure. He is not breathing and has no pulse. You notice that his medication bottle is empty. You suspect an opioid-associated life-threatening emergency. A colleague activates the emergency response system and is retrieving the AED and naloxone. What is the most appropriate action for you to take next?

Begin CPR, starting with chest compressions.

You are performing abdominal thrusts on a 9-year-old child when he suddenly becomes unresponsive. After you should for nearby help, what is the most appropriate action to take next?

Begin high-quality CPR, starting with chest compressions.

BLS is the foundation for saving lives after _______________?

Cardiac arrest

A woman who is obviously pregnant should receive ______________________ for severe airway obstruction.

Chest thrusts.

Which action can rescuers perform to potentially reduce the risk of gastric inflation?

Delivering each breath over 1 second.

Seventy percent of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest occur in the ____________.

Home

If you suspect that an unresponsive victim has head or neck trauma, what is the preferred method for opening the airway?

Jaw thrust.

Infants

Less than 1 year of age (excluding newly born infants in the delivery room)

Which is the preferred technique for giving rescue breaths to an infant?

Mouth-to-mouth-and-nose.

Heroin, Hydrocodone, and Morphine are examples of what?

Opioids.

Which step is one of the universal steps for operating an AED?

Placing the pads on the victim's bare chest.

What is the most appropriate first step to take as soon as the AED arrives at the victim's side?

Power on the AED.

Your 27-year-old roommate uses opioids. You find him unresponsive with no breathing, but a strong pulse. You suspect an opioid-associated life-threatening emergency. A friend is phoning 9-1-1 and is looking for the naloxone autoinjector. What action should you take?

Provide rescue breathing: 1 breath every 5 to 6 seconds.

What is the third link in the adult out-of-hospital Chain of Survival?

Rapid defibrillation

What is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in children?

Respiratory failure or shock

_______________________ arrest can be identified when the victim is found to be unresponsive, not breathing or only gasping, but still has a pulse.

Respiratory.

ROSC stands for

Return of spontaneous circulation

If someone doesn't respond when you touch his/her shoulders and shout, "Are you OK?" What is your best next action?

Shout for nearby help.

What is the first action you should take if you find someone unresponsive and motionless on the floor?

Verify that the scene is safe.

What should you do when using an AED on an infant or a child less than 8 years of age?

Use adult AED pads if the AED does not have child pads.

If a manual defibrillator is not available for an infant victim, which action should you take?

Use an AED equipped with a pediatric dose attenuator.

What is important to remember about AED pad placement on infants?

You may need to place 1 pad on the chest and 1 on the back, according to the diagrams on the pads.

BLS stands for

basic life support

CPR stands for

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

For adult patients who are in the hospital, cardiac arrest usually happens as a result of serious ____________________________ conditions that get worse.

respiratory or circulatory