Neuro Test Yourself
he healthcare provider is assessing a patient with a diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD). Which of the following findings would the healthcare provider anticipate? Select all that apply. A. Kyphosis B. Depression C. Daytime sleepiness D. Bradykinesia E. Exophthalmos F. Receptive aphasia
A, B, C, D
The primary nursing intervention in working with a client with moderate stage dementia is ensuring that the client: A. receives adequate nutrition and hydration B. Remains in a safe and secure environment C. Independently performs self care D. Will reminisce to decrease isolation
B
A patient diagnosed with Alzheimer disease (AD) is demonstrating signs of impaired reasoning. The healthcare provider suspects an alteration in which area of the brain? Please choose from one of the following options. A. Amygdala B. Frontal lobe C. Occipital lobe D. Hippocampus
B
The nurse would expect a client with early Alzheimer's disease to have problems with: A. Remembering his own name B. Balancing a checkbook. C. Relating to family members. D. Self-care measures.
B
Which of the following is not directly related with Alzheimer's disease? A. Tangles B. Diabetes Mellitus C. Dementia D. Senile plaques
B
A male client has a history of painful, continuous muscle spasms. He has taken several skeletal muscle relaxants without experiencing relief. His physician prescribes diazepam (Valium), 2 mg P.O. twice daily. In addition to being used to relieve painful muscle spasms, diazepam also is recommended for: A. long-term treatment of epilepsy. B. postoperative pain management of laminectomy clients. C. postoperative pain management of diskectomy clients D. treatment of spasticity associated with spinal cord lesions.
D
A patient with a history of ischemic stroke is receiving warfarin therapy. Which of the following statements indicates the patient has a correct understanding of warfarin therapy? A. "The warfarin will help reverse the effects of my stroke so I can have a chance at full recovery." B. "I should increase my daily intake of leafy green veggies." C. "My activated partial thromoplastin time (aPTT) will need to be checked regularly from now on." D. "I need to check with my provider before taking over-the-counter medications"
D
A male client with a conductive hearing disorder caused by ankylosis of the stapes in the oval window undergoes a stapedectomy to remove the stapes and replace the impaired bone with a prosthesis. After the stapedectomy, the nurse should provide which client instruction? A. "Lie in bed with your head elevated, and refrain from blowing your nose for 24 hours." B. "Try to ambulate independently after about 24 hours." C. "Shampoo your hair every day for 10 days to help prevent ear infection." D. "Don't fly in an airplane, climb to high altitudes, make sudden movements, or expose yourself to loud sounds for 30 days."
D
Which is a specific investigation of diagnosing seizure disorder? A. EMG B. EOG C. ECT D. ERP E. EEG
E
A patient who is diagnosed with Parkinson disease (PD) states, "I can't tie my shoelaces anymore." The healthcare provider recognizes that this patient's problem is due to a deficiency in which of these neurotransmitters? A. Serotonin B. Glutamate C. Norepinephrine D. Dopamine
D
A patient with Stage One Alzheimers might exhibit these behaviors: A. Getting lost while driving B. Missing appointments C. Forgetting names D. All of the above E. None of the above
D
A female client complains of periorbital aching, tearing, blurred vision, and photophobia in her right eye. Ophthalmologic examination reveals a small, irregular, nonreactive pupil — a condition resulting from acute iris inflammation (iritis). As part of the client's therapeutic regimen, the physician prescribes atropine sulfate (Atropisol), two drops of 0.5% solution in the right eye twice daily. Atropine sulfate belongs to which drug classification? a. Parasympathomimetic agent b. Sympatholytic agent c. Adrenergic blocker d. Cholinergic blocker
D
The priority of care for a client with Alzheimer's disease is A. Encourage to learn new hobbies and interest B. Help client develop coping mechanism C. Provide him stimulating environment D. Simplify the environment to eliminate the need to make chores
D
The usual span of years that Alzheimer's may progress in the patient is: A. Fifty to sixty years B. Three to five years C. 6 months to one year D. Eight to ten years E. Two to twenty years
E
Which of the following interventions should be implemented for a patient immediately following recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) therapy? Select all that apply. A. Monitor vital signs and heart rhythm B. Monitor blood glucose levels C. Assess neurological function hourly D. Provide patient education on plan of care E. Administer aspirin
A, B, C, D
The healthcare provider is exploring the health history of a patient diagnosed with Parkinson disease. During the interview, which of these questions should the healthcare provider ask the patient? Select all that apply. A. "Have you noticed a decrease in your sense of taste or smell?" B. "Has your spouse ever noticed a change in your mood or memory?" C. "Have any of your family members had difficulty writing or holding a pencil?" D. "Do you ever experience visual disturbances before your headaches?" E. "Did your muscle weakness first occur in your legs or your arms?" F. "Do you know if you have ever been exposed to pesticides?
A, B, C, F
As the manager in a long-term-care (LTC) facility, you are in charge of developing a standard plan of care for residents with Alzheimer's disease. Which of these nursing tasks is best to delegate to the LPN team leaders working in the facility? A. Check for improvement in resident memory after medication therapy is initiated. B. Assist residents to toilet every 2 hours to decrease risk for urinary intolerance. C. Develop individualized activity plans after consulting with residents and family. D. Use the Mini-Mental State Examination to assess residents every 6 months.
A
Emergency medical technicians transport a 27-year-old iron worker to the emergency department. They tell the nurse, "He fell from a two-story building. He has a large contusion on his left chest and a hematoma in the left parietal area. He has a compound fracture of his left femur and he's comatose. We intubated him and he's maintaining an arterial oxygen saturation of 92% by pulse oximeter with a manual-resuscitation bag." Which intervention by the nurse has the highest priority? a. Assessing the left leg b. Assessing the pupils c. Placing the client in Trendelenburg's position d. Assessing level of consciousness
A
Estimated prevelance of epilepsy is A. 1 % of the polulation B. 5 % of the polulation C. 8 % of the population D. 10 % of the polulation
A
Gingival hyperplasia is associated with use of A. Phenytoin B. Carbamazepine C. Topiramate D. Lamotrigine E. Ethosuximide
A
If a male client experienced a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) that damaged the hypothalamus, the nurse would anticipate that the client has problems with: A. body temperature control. B. balance and equilibrium. C. visual acuity. D. thinking and reasoning
A
Physiologically, what happens to the brain as Alzheimer's progresses? A. Many cells die B. Tissue swells C. Fluid collects D. Brain-stem atrophies
A
The healthcare provider is teaching a patient with a new diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD) about lifestyle changes to make the disease more manageable. Which of the following will the healthcare provider include in the teaching? Select all that apply. A. Eat small, frequent meals B. Choose clothing that does not require buttons C. Maintain a low calorie diet, low fat diet D. Wear shoes with rubber soles E. Perform range of motion exercises daily
A, B, E
A client with Alzheimer's disease is awaiting placement in a skilled nursing facility. Which long-term plans would be most therapeutic for the client? A. Placing a picture of herself in her bedroom B. Placing simple signs to indicate the location of the bedroom, bathroom, and so on C. Placing mirrors in several locations in the home D. Alternating healthcare workers to prevent boredom
B
A client, age 22, is admitted with bacterial meningitis. Which hospital room would be the best choice for this client? A. A private room down the hall from the nurses' station B. An isolation room three doors from the nurses' station C. A semiprivate room with a 32-year-old client who has viral meningitis D. A two-bed room with a client who previously had bacterial meningitis
B
A female client who's paralyzed on the left side has been receiving physical therapy and attending teaching sessions about safety. Which behavior indicates that the client accurately understands safety measures related to paralysis? a. The client leaves the side rails down. b. The client uses a mirror to inspect the skin. c. The client repositions only after being reminded to do so. d. The client hangs the left arm over the side of the wheelchair.
B
A male client is admitted with a cervical spine injury sustained during a diving accident. When planning this client's care, the nurse should assign highest priority to which nursing diagnosis? A. Impaired physical mobility B. Ineffective breathing pattern C. Disturbed sensory perception (tactile) D. Self-care deficient: Dressing/grooming
B
A male client is color blind. The nurse understands that this client has a problem with: A. rods. B. cones. C. lens. D. aqueous humor.
B
A patient who has been prescribed the antiparkinsonian medication carbidopa/levodopa, asks the healthcare provider, "Why am I getting these two medications?" How should the healthcare provider respond? Please choose from one of the following options. A. "The levodopa turns the carbidopa into dopamine when it reaches the brain." B. "The carbidopa prevents the breakdown of the levodopa." C. "This drug combination is composed of two types of the same medication." D. "You will experience fewer side effects when you take both medications together."
B
A patient with a history of depression who experiences memory lapses and word finding difficulty is diagnosed with pseudodementia. Which of these represents a characteristic of pseudodementia? Please choose from one of the following options. A. Psychosis is a prominent feature B. Cognitive impairments are reversible C. Lewy bodies form within the brain tissue D. Eventually evolves into Alzheimer disease
B
The client with confusion says to the nurse, "I haven't had anything to eat all day long. When are they going to bring breakfast?" The nurse saw the client in the day room eating breakfast with other clients 30 minutes before this conversation. Which response would be best for the nurse to make? A. "I'll get you some juice and toast. Would you like something else?" B. "I am so sorry that they didn't get you breakfast. I'll report it to the charge nurse." C. "You will have to wait a while; lunch will be here in a little while." D. "You know you had breakfast 30 minutes ago."
A
The healthcare provider is caring for a patient diagnosed with a mild cognitive impairment. Which of these would be the most effective intervention for this patient? Please choose from one of the following options. A. Frequent reorientation B. Application of soft restraints C. Relaxation therapy D. Behavior modification
A
The healthcare provider is teaching a student about Parkinson disease (PD). Which of these statements best describes the brain abnormality characteristic of the disease? A. Neurons in the substantia nigra begin to degenerate B. Amyloid plaques are deposited in the brain C. Central nervous system neurons become demyelinated D. There is a progressive breakdown of the blood-brain barrier
A
The nurse is assessing a 37-year-old client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect to find? A. Vision changes B. Absent deep tendon reflexes C. Tremors at rest D. Flaccid muscles
A
The nurse is caring for a client with stage III Alzheimer's disease. A characteristic of this stage is: A. Failing to recognize familiar objects B. Failing to communicate C. Wandering at night D. Memory loss
A
The nurse is monitoring a male client for adverse reactions to atropine sulfate (Atropine Care) eyedrops. Systemic absorption of atropine sulfate through the conjunctiva can cause which adverse reaction? A. Tachycardia B. Increased salivation C. Hypotension D. Apnea
A
The symptom of dementia that involved a more confused state after dark is called: A. Sundowning B. Dark reaction C. Dark retreat D. Agitation
A
Which of the following is the most priority nursing diagnosis in a patient with seizure disorders? A. Risk for injury related to seizure activity B. Fear related to the possibility of seizures C. Ineffective individual coping related to stresses imposed by epilepsy D. Deficient knowledge related to epilepsy and its control
A
A patient with a recent history of stroke is being discharge to home. Which instructions should be included in discharge education? Select all that apply. A. "Make sure to take your medication as prescribed." B. "Seek help immediately if you have sudden weakness, changes in vision, or altered level of consciousness." C. "Make sure to attend all follow-up visits as scheduled." D. "Consider participating in physical and/or occupational therapy programs." E. "Eat a diet low in saturated fat and high in sodium."
A, B, C, D
Preferred drug in status epilepticus is A. Carbamazepine B. Valproate C. Lorazepam D. Clonazepam E. Phenobarbitone
C
After an eye examination, a male client is diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma. The physician prescribes pilocarpine ophthalmic solution (Pilocar), 0.25% gtt i, OU q.i.d. Based on this prescription, the nurse should teach the client or a family member to administer the drug by: a. instilling one drop of pilocarpine 0.25% into both eyes daily. b. instilling one drop of pilocarpine 0.25% into both eyes four times daily. c. instilling one drop of pilocarpine 0.25% into the right eye daily. d. instilling one drop of pilocarpine 0.25% into the left eye four times daily.
B
A female client admitted to an acute care facility after a car accident develops signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). The client is intubated and placed on mechanical ventilation to help reduce ICP. To prevent a further rise in ICP caused by suctioning, the nurse anticipates administering which drug endotracheally before suctioning? A. phenytoin (Dilantin) B. mannitol (Osmitrol) C. lidocaine (Xylocaine) D. furosemide (Lasix)
C
A female client who was found unconscious at home is brought to the hospital by a rescue squad. In the intensive care unit, the nurse checks the client's oculocephalic (doll's eye) response by: A. introducing ice water into the external auditory canal. B. touching the cornea with a wisp of cotton. C. turning the client's head suddenly while holding the eyelids open. D. shining a bright light into the pupil.
C
A female client who was trapped inside a car for hours after a head-on collision is rushed to the emergency department with multiple injuries. During the neurologic examination, the client responds to painful stimuli with decerebrate posturing. This finding indicates damage to which part of the brain? A. Diencephalon B. Medulla C. Midbrain D. Cortex
C
A health care provider is providing community education on signs and symptoms of stroke. Which of the following best describe the signs and symptoms of a stroke? A. Diaphoresis and jaw pain B. Weakness and edema C. Facial droop and slurred speech D. Indigestion and shortness of breath
C
A male client in the emergency department has a suspected neurologic disorder. To assess gait, the nurse asks the client to take a few steps; with each step, the client's feet make a half circle. To document the client's gait, the nurse should use which term? a. Ataxic b. Dystrophic c. Helicopod d. Steppage
C
A nurse caring to a client with Alzheimer's disease overheard a family member say to the client, "if you pee one more time, I won't give you any more food and drinks". What initial action is best for the nurse to take? A. Take no action because it is the family member saying that to the client B. Give the family member the number for an Elder Abuse Hot line C. Talk to the family member and explain that what she/he has said is not appropriate for the client D. Document what the family member has said
C
A patient diagnosed with Parkinson disease (PD) is prescribed levodopa. The medication therapy can be considered effective when the healthcare provider assesses improvement in which of the following? A. Visual acuity B. Appetite C. Urinary frequency D. Hearing
C
A patient who has been treated with levodopa for Parkinson disease (PD) tells the healthcare provider, "I'm worried because don't think the drug is helping me anymore." Which of the following is the best response by the healthcare provider? Please choose from one of the following options. A. "It is unlikely that the levodopa has stopped being effective." B. "Now that the medication isn't working, we can consider surgery." C. "It can be disappointing when the medications don't work like they used to." D. "It looks like your liver is not able to metabolize the drug as well as it used to."
C
A physician diagnoses a client with myasthenia gravis, prescribing pyridostigmine (Mestinon), 60 mg P.O. every 3 hours. Before administering this anticholinesterase agent, the nurse reviews the client's history. Which preexisting condition would contraindicate the use of pyridostigmine? A. Ulcerative colitis B. Blood dyscrasia C. Intestinal obstruction D. Spinal cord injury
C
After striking his head on a tree while falling from a ladder, a young man age 18 is admitted to the emergency department. He's unconscious and his pupils are nonreactive. Which intervention would be the most dangerous for the client? A. Give him a barbiturate. B. Place him on mechanical ventilation. C. Perform a lumbar puncture. D. Elevate the head of his bed.
C
Alzheimer's disease is the secondary diagnosis of a client admitted with myocardial infarction. Which nursing intervention should appear on this client's plan of care? A. Perform activities of daily living for the client to decease frustration. B. Provide a stimulating environment. C. Establish and maintain a routine. D. Try to reason with the client as much as possible.
C
Alzheimer's is an INSIDIOUS disease. This means: A. That it only affects the elderly B. That it is terminal C. That it sneaks up on a person over time D. That is can be cured E. None of the above
C
An elderly client with Alzheimer's disease becomes agitated and combative when a nurse approaches to help with morning care. The most appropriate nursing intervention in this situation would be to: A. Tell the client family that it is time to get dressed. B. Call the doctor and request an order for sedation. C. Remain calm and talk quietly to the client. D. Obtain assistance to restrain the client for safety.
C
Nurse April is caring for a client who underwent a lumbar laminectomy 2 days ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse consider abnormal? a. More back pain than the first postoperative day b. Paresthesia in the dermatomes near the wounds c. Urine retention or incontinence d. Temperature of 99.2° F (37.3° C)
C
Nurse Oliver is monitoring a client for adverse reactions to dantrolene (Dantrium). Which adverse reaction is most common? A. Excessive tearing B. Urine retention C. Muscle weakness D. Slurred speech
C
The children of a patient diagnosed with Alzheimer disease (AD) tell the healthcare provider, "Our mother seems better during the day, but she gets very confused and agitated in the late afternoon and evenings." How should the healthcare provider document the patient's behavior? Please choose from one of the following options. A. Delirium B. Psychosis C. Sundowning D. Depression
C
The health care provider is assessing a patient who is recovering from a stroke. Which of these problems should receive priority for this patient? A. Impaired mobility B. Risk for altered coping C. Risk for aspiration D. Impaired communication
C
The nurse is aware that the following ways in vascular dementia different from Alzheimer's disease is: A. The duration of vascular dementia is usually brief B. The inability to perform motor activities occurs in vascular dementia C. Vascular dementia has more abrupt onset D. Personality change is common in vascular dementia
C
The nurse is performing a mental status examination on a male client diagnosed with subdural hematoma. This test assesses which of the following? a. Cerebellar function b. Intellectual function c. Cerebral function d. Sensory function
C
When planning care for a patient diagnosed with Alzheimer disease (AD), which of these interventions is most therapeutic? Please choose from one of the following options. A. Giving the patient several directions at a time to improve memory B. Providing immediate feedback by correcting errors in the patient's speech C. Encouraging both verbal and nonverbal communication D. Speaking in a loud, clear voice when talking to the patient
C
When planning care for a patient diagnosed with Parkinson disease (PD), which of these patient outcomes should receive priority in the patient's plan of care? A. Taking a daily walk around the neighborhood B. Working on a favorite hobby C. Toiling and bathing independently D. Taking a vitamin supplement each day
C
Which neurotransmitter has been implicated in the development of Alzheimer's disease? A. Dopamine B. Serotonin C. Acetylcholine D. Epinephrine
C
Which of the following AEDs is available in intravenous preparation? A. Phenobarbitone B. Carbamazepine C. Phenetoin D. Ethosuximide
C
Which of the following diseases has not been directly linked with Bell's palsy? A. Lyme disease B. AIDS C. Alzheimer's disease D. Diabetes
C
Which of these is the strongest risk factor for developing the Alzheimer's disease? A. Exposure to toxins B. Heredity C. Age D. None of the above
C
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for a client with Alzheimer's disease who has frequent episodes emotional lability? A. Attempt humor to alter the client mood. B. Explore reasons for the client's altered mood. C. Use logic to point out reality aspects. D. Reduce environmental stimuli to redirect the client's attention.
D
Which of the following is the most common cause of dementia among elderly persons? A. Multiple sclerosis B. Parkinson's disease C. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gerhig's disease) D. Alzheimer's disease
D
Which of these measures should be included in the plan of care to prevent complications in a patient who is recovering from a stroke? A. Reposition every shift B. Assess vital signs every two hours C. Monitor cardiac rhythm D. Conduct a swallow evaluation
D
While reviewing a client's chart, the nurse notices that the female client has myasthenia gravis. Which of the following statements about neuromuscular blocking agents is true for a client with this condition? A. The client may be less sensitive to the effects of a neuromuscular blocking agent. B. Succinylcholine shouldn't be used; pancuronium may be used in a lower dosage. C. Pancuronium shouldn't be used; succinylcholine may be used in a lower dosage. D. Pancuronium and succinylcholine both require cautious administration.
D
While conducting a home care visit, the health care provider notes that the patient suddenly has trouble finding her words and is unable to move her left arm. Prioritize these interventions. A. Call 911 B. Assess motor function C. Assess VS D. Assist patient to lie down E. Provide reassurance
D, A, C, B, E
How is Alzheimer's diagnosed? A. Neurological tests B. Mental-status tests C. Blood tests D. All of the above
D
The doctor has prescribed Exelon (rivastigmine) for the client with Alzheimer's disease. Which side effect is most often associated with this drug? A. Confusion B. Urinary incontinence C. Headaches D. Nausea
D
The nurse is caring for a male client diagnosed with a cerebral aneurysm who reports a severe headache. Which action should the nurse perform? A. Sit with the client for a few minutes. B. Administer an analgesic. C. Inform the nurse manager. D. Call the physician immediately.
D
Thomas Elison is a 79 year old man who is admitted with diagnosis of dementia. The doctor orders a series of laboratory tests to determine whether Mr. Elison's dementia is treatable. The nurse understands that the most common cause of dementia in this population is: A. AIDS B. Vascular disease C. Brain tumors D. Alzheimer's disease
D
To encourage adequate nutritional intake for a female client with Alzheimer's disease, the nurse should: A. Stay with the client and encourage him to eat. B. help the client fill out his menu. C. give the client privacy during meals. D. Fill out the menu for the client.
A
To encourage adequate nutritional intake for a female client with Alzheimer's disease, the nurse should: a. stay with the client and encourage him to eat. b. help the client fill out his menu. c. give the client privacy during meals. d. fill out the menu for the client.
A
When obtaining the health history from a male client with retinal detachment, the nurse expects the client to report: A. light flashes and floaters in front of the eye. B. a recent driving accident while changing lanes. C. headaches, nausea, and redness of the eyes. D. frequent episodes of double vision.
A
Which age group has the highest rate of Alzheimer's cases reported? A. 85 and older B. 55 to 65 C. 65 to 74 D. 74 to 84
A
A patient is admitted to the mental health unit with a diagnosis of vascular dementia. Which of the following describes the brain alteration involved in this disorder? Please choose from one of the following options. A. Hypoxic damage to brain tissue B. Enlargement of the ventricles C. Formation of beta-amyloid plaques D. Decreased choline acetyltransferase
A
A patient who has been admitted to the medical unit with new-onset angina also has a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Her husband tells you that he rarely gets a good night's sleep because he needs to be sure she does not wander during the night. He insists on checking each of the medications you give her to be sure they are the same as the ones she takes at home. Based on this information, which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for this patient? A. Caregiver Role Strain related to continuous need for providing care B. Risk for Falls related to patient wandering behavior during the night C. Decreased Cardiac Output related to poor myocardial contractility D. Ineffective Therapeutic Regimen Management related to poor patient memory
A
A patient who has experienced a stroke is being monitored during the acute management phase. The clinician notes that the patient's intracranial pressure (ICP) is 30mm Hg30, space, m, m, space, H, g. Which of the following interventions should be taken first? A. Raise the head of the bed to 30 degrees B. Assess level of consciousness C. Obtain vital signs D. Lay the patient flat
A
A 93 year-old female with a history of Alzheimer's Disease gets admitted to an Alzheimer's unit. The patient has exhibited signs of increased confusion and limited stability with gait. Moreover, the patient is refusing to use a w/c. Which of the following is the most appropriate course of action for the nurse? A. Recommend family members bring pictures to the patient's room. B. Recommend a speech therapy consult to the doctor. C. Recommend the patient remain in her room at all times. D. Recommend the patient attempt to walk pushing the w/c for safety.
A
A clinician is providing education to a patient with a recent diagnosis of a transient ischemic attack (TIA). Which of the statements by the patient indicates that the patient understands the information? A. "It is important for you to seek medical attention immediately if you experience these symptoms again because they could mean that you are having a stroke." B. "Because TIAs don't cause permanent damage, I do not need to worry if I have another one." C. "TIAs are usually caused by large bleeds in the brain that resolve on their own." D. "Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) are often caused by small bleeds in the brain that resolve on their own."
A
A female client is admitted to the facility for investigation of balance and coordination problems, including possible Ménière's disease. When assessing this client, the nurse expects to note: A. vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss. B. vertigo, vomiting, and nystagmus C. vertigo, pain, and hearing impairment. D. vertigo, blurred vision, and fever.
A
A patient diagnosed with delirium sees the intravenous (IV) tubing and believes it to be a snake. How should the healthcare provider document this behavior? Please choose from one of the following options. A. Illusion B. Hallucination C. Confusion D. Delusion
A
Alzheimer's is the most common form of which of these? A. Dementia B. Fatigue C. Psychosis D. Malnutrition
A
A patient with a diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD) has been prescribed levodopa. Which of the following statements will the healthcare provider include when teaching the patient about this medication? Select all that apply. A. "Let us know if you notice if the medication begins to lose its effectiveness." B. "If you experience nausea, you may take your medication with a high protein meal." C. "It may take a few months for you to experience the full effects of the medication." D. "Call our office if you notice the development of a tic or facial grimace." E. "This medication will reverse the disease process and give you a normal life."
A, C, D
The family of a patient who is being discharged after a hemorrhagic stroke has been given instructions about what to do if their family member develops warning signs of a stroke.Which statement indicates that further teaching is needed? Select all that apply. A. "I should take my family member to the emergency room immediately." B. "I should write down the time my family member develops symptoms." C. "I should call 911 right away." D. "I will give them 1 baby aspirin immediately." E. "I should encourage everyone to stay calm."
A, D
Which interventions are most likely to promote maximum self-care for a patient recovering from a stroke? Select all that apply. A. Encourage participation in activities of daily living B. Educate patient on risks of repeat stroke C. Assess neurological function every shift D. Assist patient to track motor function and mobility levels E. Provide adaptive equipment as indicated
A, D, E
Which of the following interventions will the healthcare provider put in place when caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with Parkinson disease (PD)? Select all that apply. A. Auscultate the patient's lung sounds B. Provide a clear liquid diet, then progress to solid foods C. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter D. Administer the prescribed stool softener E. Assist the patient with ambulation F. Advise the patient to make position changes slowly
A, D, E, F
An auto mechanic accidentally has battery acid splashed in his eyes. His coworkers irrigate his eyes with water for 20 minutes, and then take him to the emergency department of a nearby hospital, where he receives emergency care for corneal injury. The physician prescribes dexamethasone (Maxidex Ophthalmic Suspension), two drops of 0.1% solution to be instilled initially into the conjunctival sacs of both eyes every hour; and polymyxin B sulfate (Neosporin Ophthalmic), 0.5% ointment to be placed in the conjunctival sacs of both eyes every 3 hours. Dexamethasone exerts its therapeutic effect by: a. increasing the exudative reaction of ocular tissue. b. decreasing leukocyte infiltration at the site of ocular inflammation. c. inhibiting the action of carbonic anhydrase. d. producing a miotic reaction by stimulating and contracting the sphincter muscles of the iris.
B
During the evaluation of the quality of home care for a client with Alzheimer's disease, the priority for the nurse is to reinforce which statement by a family member? A. We go to a group discussion every week at our community center. B. We have safety bars installed in the bathroom and have 24 hour alarms on the doors. C. The medication is not a problem to have it taken 3 times a day. D. At least 2 full meals a day is eaten
B
Myoclonic seizures are charecterised by A. Focal electrical hyperactivity in the brain B. Generalized EEG abnormalities with gerks C. A form of partial seizures D. Secondary generalized seizures
B
Nursing Care During a Seizure include all, except A. Ease the patient to the floor, if possible. B. Restrain the patient during the seizure to prevent from falling C. Protect the head with a pad to prevent injury. D. Loosen constrictive clothing. E. If the patient is in bed, remove pillows and raise side rails
B
Rosana is in the second stage of Alzheimer's disease who appears to be in pain. Which question by Nurse Jenny would best elicit information about the pain? A. "Can you describe your pain?" B. "Do you hurt? (pause) "Do you hurt?" C. "Where do you hurt?" D. "Where is your pain located?"
B
Scientists believe that _________________ develop in the brain of an Alzheimer's patient, and may be a cause of the disease. A. Tumors B. Plaques and tangles C. Cholesterols D. Ruptured blood vessels
B
Shortly after admission to an acute care facility, a male client with a seizure disorder develops status epilepticus. The physician orders diazepam (Valium) 10 mg I.V. stat. How soon can the nurse administer a second dose of diazepam, if needed and prescribed? a. In 30 to 45 seconds b. In 10 to 15 minutes c. In 30 to 45 minutes d. In 1 to 2 hours
B
The client with Alzheimer's disease is being assisted with activities of daily living when the nurse notes that the client uses her toothbrush to brush her hair. The nurse is aware that the client is exhibiting: A. Agnosia B. Apraxia C. Anomia D. Aphasia
B
The client with dementia is experiencing confusion late in the afternoon and before bedtime. The nurse is aware that the client is experiencing what is known as: A. Chronic fatigue syndrome B. Sundowning C. Delusions D. Normal aging
B
The healthcare provider is assessing a patient with a diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD). Which of the following assessments will the healthcare provider anticipate? Please choose from one of the following options. A. Twisting and protruding movements of the tongue B. Pill-rolling tremor when the hand is at rest C. Deep tendon reflexes graded as 1 D. An absence of stereognosis
B
The healthcare provider is reviewing the International Normalized Ratio (INR) results of a patient with a history of embolic stroke. Which of the following indicates a therapeutic value for this patient? A. 1.5 B. 2.5 C. 4.1 D. 0.5
B
When caring for a patient diagnosed with ischemic stroke, which of these is the priority interventions when administering tissue plasminogen activator therapy (tPA)? A. Assess patient's motor function to compare to baseline B. Assess patient for recent history of bleeding or trauma C. Explain the purpose of tPA therapy to the patient and family D. Educate the patient and family on stroke recovery
B
When obtaining the health history of a patient diagnosed with Parkinson disease (PD), which of the following symptoms should the healthcare provider anticipate the patient to report? Please choose from one of the following options. A. "My eyes have become very sensitive to light." B. "Sometimes I feel like my feet are glued to the floor." C. "I used to be able to walk up the stairs without getting out of breath." D. "I've been getting really severe headaches lately."
B
When reviewing the medical record of a patient diagnosed with Alzheimer disease (AD), the healthcare provider notes the patient is aphasic. Which behavior supports this finding? Please choose from one of the following options. A. Difficultly with motor function B. Unable to speak C. Unable to recognize objects D. Difficulty swallowing
B
Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority for a client with Parkinson's crisis? a. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements b. Ineffective airway clearance c. Impaired urinary elimination d. Risk for injury
B
Which of the following adverse effects should the healthcare provider inquire about when assessing a patient who is receiving an anticholinergic medication for the treatment of Parkinson's disease? Select all that apply. A. Bruising B. Dry eyes C. Urinary retention D. Dry mouth E. Bradycardia F. Constipation
B, C, D, F
A 65 years old client is in the first stage of Alzheimer's disease. Nurse Patricia should plan to focus this client's care on: A. Offering nourishing finger foods to help maintain the client's nutritional status. B. Suggesting new activities for the client and family to do together. C. Providing emotional support and individual counseling. D. Monitoring the client to prevent minor illnesses from turning into major problems.
C
A 75 year old client is admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimer's type and depression. The symptom that is unrelated to depression would be? A. Neglect of personal hygiene B. "I don't know" answer to questions C. Shallow of labile effect D. Apathetic response to the environment
C
Rosana is in the second stage of Alzheimer's disease who appears to be in pain. Which question by Nurse Jenny would best elicit information about the pain? A. "Where do you hurt?" B. "Can you describe your pain?" C. "Where is your pain located?" D. "Do you hurt? (pause) "Do you hurt?"
D
Signs of Alzheimer's include which of these symptoms? A. Loss of memory B. Increase in irritability C. Restlessness D. All of the above
D
The charecteristic EEG findings in seizure disorders is A. Alpha rhythm B. Asynchronous EEg rhythm C. Slow waves D. Spikes, sharp waves
D
A health care provider is conducting a community education class on stroke prevention. The teaching plan for this class will include which of these instructions? A. There is no known link between risk of stroke and regular exercise B. There is no correlation between diabetes and risk of stroke C. Foods high in saturated fats can be consumed in moderate amounts D. It is important to maintain a healthy weight and to control your blood pressure
D
A patient diagnosed with dementia is prescribed a medication that inhibits acetylcholinesterase. Which of the following accurately explains how this medication benefits the patient? Please choose from one of the following options. A. Decreased levels of acetylcholine will help decrease the patient's anxiety B. Acetylcholine increases norepinephrine activity and decreases depression C. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase improves the patient's motor function D. Acetylcholine is needed for memory and problem solving
D
A patient with a diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD) is admitted to the medical unit. Which of these menu options is the safest choice for this patient? Please choose from one of the following options. A. Sandwich B. Chicken broth C. Raw vegetables D. Milk shake
D
A patient's family has been given instructions about post-stroke rehabilitation. Which of these statements indicates that the family requires further instruction? A. "My family member's level of functioning might vary within the next couple of months." B. "I should ensure my family member adheres treatment regimen as prescribed." C. "I can expect my family member to become frustrated at times." D. "I should do everything for my family member around the house."
D
Auras are typical of A. Primary GTCS B. Absence seizures C. Myoclonic seizures D. Partial seizures
D
During an interview with a patient with a diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD), which of the following speech patterns will the healthcare provider anticipate? Please choose from one of the following options. A. Bubbly and spirited B. Clear and rhythmic C. Pressured and hurried D. Slow, slurred, and monotone
D
During recovery from a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), a female client is given nothing by mouth, to help prevent aspiration. To determine when the client is ready for a liquid diet, the nurse assesses the client's swallowing ability once each shift. This assessment evaluates: A. cranial nerves I and II. B. cranial nerves III and V. C. cranial nerves VI and VIII. D. cranial nerves IX and X
D
During the administration of a Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE), the healthcare provider asks the patient to copy a simple geometric shape. This part of the exam tests which of the following mental functions? Please choose from one of the following options. A. Hearing and language skills B. Attention and calculation abilities C. Orientation and short-term memory D. Visual comprehension and praxis
D
Edward, a 66 year old client with slight memory impairment and poor concentration is diagnosed with primary degenerative dementia of the Alzheimer's type. Early signs of this dementia include subtle personality changes and withdrawal from social interactions. To assess for progression to the middle stage of Alzheimer's disease, the nurse should observe the client for: A. Occasional irritable outbursts. B. Lack of spontaneity. C. Inability to perform self-care activities. D. Impaired communication.
D
