NF20 CHP13 &14 Produce & Legumes

Enzymatic Browning

A reaction in which an enzyme acts in the presence of oxygen to produce brown discoloration on the surface of fruits and vegetables.

Which of the following enhances the green color of cooked vegetables?

Alkali (e.g. baking soda)

Bulb

An underground bud, with a short thick stem that sends out roots and has overlapping, scalelike leaves (e.g. onion, garlic, shallot).

Example of a flower that can be eaten

Artichoke

How does freezing affect the texture of fruits and vegetables

As it freezes the ice crystalizes and expands causing the cell membranes to rupture.

What vegetable is a stem that can be eaten

Asparagus

Example of a Root

Beets Carrots

Fruit

Botanically, the seed containing part of a plant.

What pigment is responsible for the orange color of plants?

Carotenoids

What fruit or vegetable is colored by Carotenoids

Carrots

What fruit or vegetable is colored by Anthoxanthins

Cauliflower

What is present in plant cells, but NOT animal cells?

Cell wall

Which pigment is responsible for the green color of plants?

Chlorophyll

What can be used to stop or inhibit enzymatic browning in cut produce?

Coat in lemon juice

What is Tofu?

Curd made from Soymilk AKA "cheese" made from soymilk

Vegetable

Edible plant tissue.

What fruit or vegetable is colored by Anthocyanins

Eggplant

Citrus Fruit

Fruit of the trees and shrubs of the genus citrus. Examples are oranges, grapefruits, lemons, limes, kumquats, and mandarins.

Pomes

Fruit with seeds contained in a central core. Examples are apples and pears.

Vegetable-Fruit

Fruits that are routinely called vegetables and are generally less sweet and less acidic than "true fruits" (e.g. tomato, eggplant, zucchini).

Multiple Fruits

Fruits that develop from a cluster of several flowers. They include pineapple and figs.

Simple Fruits

Fruits that develop from one ovary in one flower. They include drupes, pomes, and citrus fruits.

Aggregate Fruits

Fruits that develop from several ovaries in one flower. They include blackberries, raspberries, and strawberries.

Drupes

Fruits with seeds encased in a pit. Examples are apricots, cherries, peaches, and plums.

Example of a Bulb

Garlic Onion Chive

Legumes (leguminous vegetables)

Grow as seeds inside a pod; include beans, peas, and lentils.

What fruit or vegetable is colored by Xanthophyll

Pineapples

Example of a Tuber

Potato

Example of a tuber?

Potatoes

What reduces the cooking time for legumes?

Soaking

How is Tofu made?

Soy milk is precipitated out through the use of coagulants. Soy milk is coagulated and liquid is removed. Creating the curd.

Tofu

The Japanese name for the curd obtained from the milky liquid extracted from soybeans. The "cheese" made from soymilk.

What is pheophytin?

The olive-green compound that results from overcooking green vegetables

Turgor

The rigid firmness of a plant cell resulting from being filled with water.

Root

The underground portion of a plant that functions as a food reservoir and organ of absorption (e.g. carrot, beet, radish).

Albedo

The white inner rind of citrus fruit.

Tuber

Thickened portion of an underground stem from which new plants may sprout (e.g. potato, ginger, Jerusalem artichoke).

What fruit or vegetable is colored by Lycopene

Tomato

What is considered a "vegetable-fruit"?

Tomatoes

___________ is the water-filled sac present in plant cells?

Vacuole