NF20 CHP13 &14 Produce & Legumes
Enzymatic Browning
A reaction in which an enzyme acts in the presence of oxygen to produce brown discoloration on the surface of fruits and vegetables.
Which of the following enhances the green color of cooked vegetables?
Alkali (e.g. baking soda)
Bulb
An underground bud, with a short thick stem that sends out roots and has overlapping, scalelike leaves (e.g. onion, garlic, shallot).
Example of a flower that can be eaten
Artichoke
How does freezing affect the texture of fruits and vegetables
As it freezes the ice crystalizes and expands causing the cell membranes to rupture.
What vegetable is a stem that can be eaten
Asparagus
Example of a Root
Beets Carrots
Fruit
Botanically, the seed containing part of a plant.
What pigment is responsible for the orange color of plants?
Carotenoids
What fruit or vegetable is colored by Carotenoids
Carrots
What fruit or vegetable is colored by Anthoxanthins
Cauliflower
What is present in plant cells, but NOT animal cells?
Cell wall
Which pigment is responsible for the green color of plants?
Chlorophyll
What can be used to stop or inhibit enzymatic browning in cut produce?
Coat in lemon juice
What is Tofu?
Curd made from Soymilk AKA "cheese" made from soymilk
Vegetable
Edible plant tissue.
What fruit or vegetable is colored by Anthocyanins
Eggplant
Citrus Fruit
Fruit of the trees and shrubs of the genus citrus. Examples are oranges, grapefruits, lemons, limes, kumquats, and mandarins.
Pomes
Fruit with seeds contained in a central core. Examples are apples and pears.
Vegetable-Fruit
Fruits that are routinely called vegetables and are generally less sweet and less acidic than "true fruits" (e.g. tomato, eggplant, zucchini).
Multiple Fruits
Fruits that develop from a cluster of several flowers. They include pineapple and figs.
Simple Fruits
Fruits that develop from one ovary in one flower. They include drupes, pomes, and citrus fruits.
Aggregate Fruits
Fruits that develop from several ovaries in one flower. They include blackberries, raspberries, and strawberries.
Drupes
Fruits with seeds encased in a pit. Examples are apricots, cherries, peaches, and plums.
Example of a Bulb
Garlic Onion Chive
Legumes (leguminous vegetables)
Grow as seeds inside a pod; include beans, peas, and lentils.
What fruit or vegetable is colored by Xanthophyll
Pineapples
Example of a Tuber
Potato
Example of a tuber?
Potatoes
What reduces the cooking time for legumes?
Soaking
How is Tofu made?
Soy milk is precipitated out through the use of coagulants. Soy milk is coagulated and liquid is removed. Creating the curd.
Tofu
The Japanese name for the curd obtained from the milky liquid extracted from soybeans. The "cheese" made from soymilk.
What is pheophytin?
The olive-green compound that results from overcooking green vegetables
Turgor
The rigid firmness of a plant cell resulting from being filled with water.
Root
The underground portion of a plant that functions as a food reservoir and organ of absorption (e.g. carrot, beet, radish).
Albedo
The white inner rind of citrus fruit.
Tuber
Thickened portion of an underground stem from which new plants may sprout (e.g. potato, ginger, Jerusalem artichoke).
What fruit or vegetable is colored by Lycopene
Tomato
What is considered a "vegetable-fruit"?
Tomatoes
___________ is the water-filled sac present in plant cells?
Vacuole
