NMIX 2020 Midterm
Of the following, which was the first method of communication that could be infinitely changed and moved around to interpret different abstract concepts?
alphabetic writing
SoC stands for _________________ and is ____________________
System on a Chip; essentially an entire computer on a single chip
All of the following are true about Minitel except that it:
is still operational today
All of the following are true about the telegraph except that it:
was far superior on every vector to all other existing forms of telecommunication
Which of the following is not true about JavaScript?
was originally called TeaScript
A computer would count to three by counting:
0, 1, 2
To connect 10 computers without a router, you'd need ________ cables. With a router, you'd need ___________ cables
45, 10
How many bytes are in 48 megabits
6,000,000
When was Apple founded? And what was it originally called?
April 1, 1976 Apple Computer, Inc.
IP is...
Internet Protocol; set of rules on how data should travel across computer networks
IP is...
Internet protocol; a set of communication protocols that define how data should travel across computer networks
Other terms used to describe "new media" in the lesson include all of the following except:
Mainstream media
Apple acquired ______ in _______, bringing Steve Jobs back to the company he founded, along with technology that would become to core of Apple's operating systems.
NeXT, 1997
Google ________ is a tool for graphing changes over time in the frequency with which a phrase appears in searchable books.
Ngram
The failure of VR to achieve commercial success in the 1990s illustrates the importance of _____ for mass adoption of a new technology
Timing
Virtual reality currently primarily engages sight. What sense do VR experts view as the most difficult to simulate?
Touch
What was the significance of early mail/couriers?
allowed for written communication to be shared over a distance
An integrated development environment is:
an application that includes many necessary tools for software development, like a code editor and a debugger
What is a medium?
an intervening agency, means, or instrument by which something is conveyed or accomplished
What is Legacy Media?
analog media; non-digital media, newspapers, magazines, etc.
Bit is...
binary digit; 8 bits in a byte
In a typical home wireless network, a router __________ and a modem ______________
broadcasts the connection wirelessly; decodes the signal from the cable/fiber line
Which of the following does not have "real-time only" as a limitation?
ideograms
What is an IDE?
integrated development environment; an application that includes many tools for software development like a code editor and debugger
All of the following are reasons someone launching a website might want to use a commercial web server instead of their own machine except that a commercial web server
is always free to operate
Which of the following is not a reason why speech might have become the default mode of human communication instead of sign languages such as ASL?
it offers a wider vocabulary and richer means of expression
All of the following are true about Xerox PARC except that:
it's located in New York
The main observation about the typewriter made in our lesson is that...
its introduction represents the pattern that new technological revolutions often occur when large -- in terms of size/cost/complexity -- forms of media are made available to individuals by greatly reducing one of those three factors
What type of writing preceded alphabetic writing?
logographic
Early newspapers were among the first forms of...
mass communication, propaganda, advertisement
The term "emerging media" is useful because it connotes
media that is new at the present moment
Which of the following wasn't a major challenge of very early mail/courier systems
merchants sending large volumes of unwanted advertisements via the mail
Which is not an advantage of papyrus over stone?
more permanent
Why do so many programming languages exist?
new programming languages offer a new and improved functionality; different programming languages are optimized to perform different tasks; older programming languages are still needed for many reasons, including supporting legacy projects
What are some fun facts about the original Macintosh?
one of the first products to be promoted by expensive Super Bowl commercial; first mass-market computer to use GUI; first mass-market computer to be mouse based; released on Jan. 24, 1984
Cave paintings were significant because...
permanence
What innovation was brought about by cave paintings/petroglyphs?
permanence
Early newspapers were among the first forms of...
propaganda, advertisement, mass communication
The printing press offered multiple orders of magnitude improvements in printing in all of the following except:
quality of content
RAM is...
random access memory; working memory in the computer, quickest form of memory to access
SQL is a way to interact with ________ and stands for __________
relational databases; structured query language
Difference between a router and a modem
routers broadcast the connection wirelessly; modem decodes the signal from the cable/fiber line
Major benefits of computers and computer networks
scale and speed; cost is small; perfectly reproduce info
The study of signs is called...
semiotics
Kevin Kelly argues that the era of change brought about by digital technology is
still at the very earliest stages
What was the first form of electronic telecommunication?
telegraph
According to the lesson, all of the following were major benefits of computers and computer networks except:
the quality of being the most innovative form of communication by virtue of being the newest form of communication we know
Semiotics is...
the study of signs
Metcalfe's law states...
the value of a telecommunications network is proportional to the square of the number of connected users of the system
Pictograms are significant because...
they are the first permanent media that can clearly show chronology
What is true about many new communication technologies?
they are weak in many areas when first introduced & they are compelling in one new area
_____ created Android, which was acquired by Google in _____.
Andy Rubin, 2005
Where did the term virtual reality first appear?
In a piece of theater criticism
Who were the founders of Apple?
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, Ronald Wayne
SQL is...
Structured Query language; a way to interact with relational databases
Metcalfe's law states...
The value of a telecommunications network is proportional to the square of the number of connected users of the system
___________________ invented the ___________________ in ____________________
Tim Berners-Lee; World Wide Web; 1989
Around what date did the use of the phrase "digital media" rapidly accelerate?
1990
What is a standard library?
A set of pre-made software that can be reused and reapplied
How many professional software developers are there in the world today?
11 million
To connect 15 computers with a router you need...
15 cables
How many bits are in 24 megabytes?
192,000,000
The iPhone was released in _____; the first android device was released in _____
2007, 2008
Today about 3 billion people are online with 2 billion of them using smartphones; by 2020, about _____ billion people will be online with about ______ billion of them using smartphones.
4, 4
What are some current smartphone operating systems?
Android, webOS, iOS
Bit stands for _________ and contains _________ bytes
Binary digit; 1/8
CPU stands for _________ and is the _________of a computer
Central processing unit; brain
What isn't a variation of VR?
Chromatic reality
What was not a radical new feature of the original iPhone at the time of its introduction?
Copy and paste for text
Where is Apple Inc. headquartered?
Cupertino, CA
What does DARPA stand for?
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
DARPA is...
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; it made the internet
Versions of the Android operating system are named after
Desserts
DNS stands for ____________ and is ____________________
Domain name system; an address book for websites
Which isn't a virtual reality platform?
Facebook Connect
What activity is often cited as first to likely spur mass adoption of modern VR?
Gaming
GPU stands for ____________ and is primarily responsible for __________ within a computer.
Graphics processing unit; graphics (especially 3D graphics)
According to Steve Jobs, "Design is not just what something looks like and feels like, it's..."
How it works
Who was depicted in Apple's original logo?
Isaac Newton
Google's line of "pure" Android phones is called
Pixel
What is the core technological innovation of modern VR?
Positional Tracking
RAM stands for ___________ and serves as ________________ within a computer
Random access memory; working memory
Who came up with ethernet?
Robert Metcalfe
_____ is the largest manufacturer of Android phones
Samsung
All communication requires...
a medium
In software development, what is a standard library?
a set of pre-made software that can be reused and reapplied
A Medium is...
a singular form of media, a thing that coveys other things, a mean or channel of general communication
A computer is a ____________ with benefits
clock
Python is popularly used for...
coding for machine learning
Computer science is not more about ____________ than astronomy is about _______________
computers; telescopes
Compared to traditional hard disk drives (HDDs), solid state drives are all of the following except:
cost less per gigabyte of storage than HDDs
Which isn't one of the three driving rules of hardware innovation?
devices become more confusing and harder to use over time
Adjectives for "New Media"
digital media, emerging media, media
When did the term "new media" first come into use?
early 1900s
Difference between new media and emerging media
emerging is more effective term --> media that is new at whatever time is being discussed
Which of the following isn't a wireless networking protocol
ethernet
3 rules of hardware
fewer moving parts; size becomes more important; efficiency doubles every 18-24 months
Early forms of communication that have "real time only" as a limitation
gestures, speech, pointing, signs