NTD 2239--Nutrition Chapter 10 Quiz

Why are chronic alcoholics at risk for zinc deficiency? -They eat too many calories. -They sleep too much. -Their kidneys are overworked. -Alcohol reduces zinc absorption and increases zinc excretion via urine. -Alcohol increases metabolism.

-Alcohol reduces zinc absorption and increases zinc excretion via urine.

The bioavailability of trace minerals can be affected by: -the form of the food. -our nutrition status. -pregnancy. -age. -All of these are correct.

-All of these are correct.

Which of the following is TRUE about the regulation of thyroid hormone production and its function? -It regulates the synthesis of numerous proteins. -Goiter is caused only by low levels of iodine. -Thyroid stimulating hormone is produced by the hypothalamus. -Low levels of thyroid hormone can lead to increased metabolic rate.

-It regulates the synthesis of numerous proteins.

Intervention trials have shown that supplementation with chromium: -improves mood. -increases weight loss. -improves muscle mass. -controls blood sugar. -None of these is correct.

-None of these is correct.

Which of the following is true of iron-deficiency anemia? -The most common cause of anemia is poor iron absorption. -Iron is the only mineral deficiency that will impair hemoglobin synthesis. -Iron-deficiency anemia results in red blood cells that are larger than normal. -Young women have a higher risk of anemia than women over 50 years of age.

-Young women have a higher risk of anemia than women over 50 years of age.

Heme iron is found in: -myoglobin only. -hemoglobin only. -both hemoglobin and myoglobin. -neither hemoglobin nor myoglobin. -anemia-globin.

-both hemoglobin and myoglobin.

Which of the following foods offers the greatest amount of zinc per serving? -quinoa -black beans -almonds -cashews

-cashews

Which one of the following describes the primary function of selenium? -cofactor for antioxidant enzymes -clotting factor to prevent bleeding -wound healing -protecting vision -transporting oxygen to organs throughout the body

-cofactor for antioxidant enzymes

A child is admitted to the emergency department with symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. His mother found an open children's dietary supplement bottle. A poisoning with which trace mineral would most likely have caused the child's symptoms? -iodine -zinc -selenium -copper -iron

-copper

Iodine deficiency during pregnancy can result in all of the following EXCEPT: -development of a goiter and hypothyroidism. -decrease in infant mortality. -adverse effects on brain development and growth of the developing fetus. -development of cretinism in the fetus if iodine deficiency during pregnancy is severe.

-decrease in infant mortality.

To consume adequate trace minerals without taking a dietary supplement, a person should: -eat a variety of foods across food groups. -focus on proteins. -focus on fruits. -focus on vegetables. -focus on grains.

-eat a variety of foods across food groups.

The trace mineral that is NOT an essential nutrient is: -iron. -zinc. -copper. -iodine. -fluoride.

-fluoride.

The absorption of what mineral is enhanced by vitamin C? -zinc -copper -iron -selenium

-iron

The most common mineral deficiency worldwide is: -iron deficiency. -selenium deficiency. -zinc deficiency. -calcium deficiency. -magnesium deficiency.

-iron deficiency.

How would you identify an iodine deficiency? -look for a goiter and test for hypothyroidism -perform a hearing test -administer a vision and hearing test -perform a urinalysis -calculate BMI

-look for a goiter and test for hypothyroidism

The thyroid gland is located in the: -brain. -cheek. -neck. -armpit. -abdomen.

-neck.

An example of a salad that could be consumed by a vegetarian to maximize iron absorption would be: -iceberg lettuce and ranch dressing. -iceberg lettuce and carrots. -all fruit salad. -spinach, beans, and mandarin oranges. -spinach and cottage cheese.

-spinach, beans, and mandarin oranges.

A diet low in selenium may increase the likelihood of which vitamin deficiency if intake of the vitamin is also low? -anemia -a goiter -headaches -vitamin E deficiency -blindness

-vitamin E deficiency

An underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) slows the metabolic rate. This translates to symptoms such as: -weight loss and increased energy. -weight loss and fatigue. -weight gain and excessive sweat. -weight gain and reduced work capacity. -None of these is correct.

-weight gain and reduced work capacity.

Describe risks associated with iodine deficiency and factors that may contribute to risk for this deficiency across the globe. What types of initiatives have been used to reduce iodine deficiency? [SHORT ANSWER}

Risks associated with iodine deficiency are affecting brain development and growth of the developing fetus. It also affects infant mortality by increasing it, makes goiter and hypothyroidism, nodular goiter and hyperthyroidism. Cretinism can develop in her child characterized by mental retardation, deafness and muteness, stunted growth, delayed sexual maturation, and other abnormalities in women who are extremely deficient in iodine during pregnancy. Young children can have their neurological development affected by less serve iodine deficiency, which results in below-average intelligence. Factors that may contribute to risk of iodine deficiency are low iodine intake, pregnancy, and sex. We can reduce iodine deficiency my having the thyroid-stimulating hormone increase the uptake of iodine in the thyroid and reduce intake of sea food, milk, processed grain products, and salt.