NURS 110 Ch. 1 Online Quiz

The nurse is caring for a client who ascribes to the theory of animism. When attempting to explain this theory to other staff members, the nurse should state which of the following? a) "Everything in nature is alive with invisible forces." b) "The physician is viewed as a god-like figure." c) "The nurse is the handmaiden of the physician." d) "Pets can help heal clients."

"Everything in nature is alive with invisible forces." Explanation: The theory of animism attempts to explain the cause of mysterious changes in bodily functions. This theory was based on the belief that everything in nature was alive with invisible forces and endowed with power.

A client asks asks an RN to prescribe a medication for pain. Which of the following is the best answer by the nurse? a) "No nurse can prescribe a medication." b) "Only advanced practice registered nurses have prescriptive authority." c) "Take two ibuprofen every 4 to 6 hours." d) "Take one acetaminophen every 4 hours."

"Only advanced practice registered nurses have prescriptive authority." Explanation: The best answer by the nurse is that only advanced practice registered nurses have prescriptive authority. The registered nurse who is not an advanced practice nurse should not prescribe medications, even over-the-counter medications, such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen.

During the course of any given day of work in the acute care setting, the nurse may need to perform which of the following roles? Select all that apply. a) Communicator b) Counselor c) Teacher d) Financier e) Statistician

Communicator, Counselor, & Teacher Explanation: The roles and functions of the nurse are many and include: caregiver, communicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher, and advocate. Acting as financier and statistician are not the roles of the nurse.

What type of nursing program would allow a student with a 4-year degree in psychology to enter and complete a baccalaureate degree in nursing, take the NCLEX examination, and transition into a Master of Science in nursing (MSN) program? a) Baccalaureate program b) Graduate entry program c) Advanced degree program d) Continuing education program

Graduate entry program Explanation: Graduate entry program students possess a baccalaureate degree in a field other than nursing. These students can track directly into a master's or doctorate in nursing program after successfully passing the NCLEX-RN.

A prospective nursing student desires a career that will allow him to provide client care and to assist professional nurses with routine technical procedures. The prospective student needs to be employed in a full-time position quickly due to economic hardship. What type of nursing program would best suit this student? a) Associate of science registered nursing program b) Baccalaureate of science registered nursing program c) Licensed or vocational nursing program d) Diploma nursing program

Licensed or vocational nursing program Explanation: A licensed practical or vocational nursing program will allow the student to earn a technical certificate in 1 year and sit for the state board of nursing examination to be licensed as an LPN or LVN. An associate program will take 2 years and a baccalaureate program will take 4 years. There are very few diploma programs remaining in the U.S., and these programs typically take 3 years to complete.

A nursing student wants to take up an advanced specialty nursing role. Which role is included in advanced specialty nursing? a) Nurse midwives are licensed practice nurses. b) Nurse midwives care for women with complicated pregnancies. c) Nurse anesthetists are registered nurses. d) Nurse anesthetists can have independent practices.

Nurse anesthetists are registered nurses. Explanation: Nurse anesthetists are registered nurses. Nurse midwives are also registered nurses, but not licensed practice nurses. Nurse midwives care for women with uncomplicated pregnancies, not complicated pregnancies. Nurse anesthetists cannot have independent practices. They work under the supervision of an anesthesiologist.

Teaching a woman about breast self-examination is an example of what broad aim of nursing? a) Treating illness b) Preventing illness c) Restoring health d) Facilitating coping

Preventing illness Explanation: Nurses primarily prevent illness by teaching and personal example. Illness- prevention activities focus on avoiding illness or achieving early detection of an illness, such as breast cancer. Treating illness involves nursing interventions for people who have surgery or are ill. Facilitating coping is involved with easing transitions to new states of being.

The nurse is using the nursing process to care for a client and is in the process of making a nursing diagnosis for the client. Which of the following best reflects a nursing diagnosis? a) Risk for falls b) Hypertension c) Congestive heart failure d) Pneumonia

Risk for falls Explanation: Risk for falls is a nursing diagnosis. Hypertension, congestive heart failure, and pneumonia are medical diagnoses versus nursing diagnoses.

The patient has just received a central venous catheter placed by the physician. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate next? a) The patient will become short of breath. b) The patient will develop an arrhythmia. c) The patient will have an X-ray to confirm placement of the device. d) The patient will have a stat order for lab tests.

The patient will have an X-ray to confirm placement of the device. Explanation: Placement is confirmed by X-ray.

Which is an appropriately stated nursing intervention? a) Ambulate in the hall. b) Stand at bedside with assistance. c) Ambulate 30 ft. twice a day with assistance of a walker. d) Ambulate with assistance of a walker.

Ambulate 30 ft. twice a day with assistance of a walker. Explanation: Correctly stated client outcomes are specific, measurable, and realistic. The other choices are poorly defined and do not specify when or how or by whom.

Which organization has established standards that help the nurse determine which clinical actions fall under the scope of nursing practice? a) American Nurses Association b) National League for Nursing c) International Council of Nurses d) State Board of Nursing

American Nurses Association Explanation: The American Nurses Association (ANA) has established standards of clinical nursing practice that define the specific and unique activities of nurses. Standards serve as protection for the nurse, the client, and the institution where health care is given. The other organizations provide valuable services that differ from those of ANA.

A student is choosing her educational path and desires a nursing degree with a track that contains community nursing and leadership, as well as liberal arts. The student would best be suited in which type of program? a) Licensed practical nursing program b) Certification in a nursing specialty c) Diploma nursing program d) Baccalaureate program

Baccalaureate program Explanation: The baccalaureate degree in nursing offers students a full college or university education with a background in the liberal arts.

Which of the following statements accurately decribes the formulation of a nursing diagnosis? a) A member of the healthcare team evaluates the patient and identifies an approved nursing diagnosis. b) Although the registered nurse assigns the nursing diagnosis, the patient care is ultimately the responsiblity of the physician. c) Nursing care is directed by the nursing diagnosis but there are no legal ramifications for the RN providing care. d) Collection of assessment data provides the basis for identifying nursing diagnoses e) A nursing diagnosis is first assigned by the physician and modified for the patient by the RN.

Collection of assessment data provides the basis for identifying nursing diagnoses Explanation: Collection of assessment data provides the basis for identifying nursing diagnoses. A nursing diagnosis provides the basis for selection of nursing interventions to achieve outcomes for which the nurse is accountable.

A nurse receives an x-ray report on a newly admitted client suspected of having a fractured tibia. The nurse contacts the physician to report the findings. What role is the nurse engaged in? a) Communicator b) Advocate c) Caregiver d) Researcher

Communicator Explanation: Nurses are communicators when they report findings to the health care team. Advocacy involves actions such as protecting the client's safety or rights. Administering care measures directly to the client demonstrates the caregiver role. Research involves collecting and analyzing data.

The nurse is performing an extensive dressing change on a client with burns. The nurse explains each step as it is being performed. The nurse is acting in which role by providing explanation of each step? a) Caregiver b) Client advocate c) Decision-maker d) Educator

Educator Explanation: The nurse is acting in the role of educator by explaining each step. The act of changing the dressing and providing support is the caregiver role.

What is the best nursing intervention to promote health in a client at risk for heart disease? a) Emphasizing a client's strengths to encourage weight loss b) Informing the client that he/she must lose weight c) Instructing client to adhere to a high-sodium diet d) Taking the client's pulse rate daily

Emphasizing a client's strengths to encourage weight loss Explanation: Nurses promote health by identifying, analyzing, and maximizing each client's own individual strengths as components of preventing illness, restoring health, and facilitating coping with disability or death. Emphasizing the client's strengths to encourage weight loss will be the most effective weight to promote this client's health. Informing the client that they must lose weight will not help the client use his/her strengths to accomplish the goal. Low-sodium diets can prevent heart disease. Taking the pulse daily will not prevent heart disease.

A man age 61 years is distraught because he has just learned that his most recent computed tomography (CT) scan shows that his colon cancer has metastasized to his lungs. Which nursing aim should the nurse prioritize in the immediate care of this client? a) Facilitating coping b) Preventing illness c) Restoring health d) Promoting health

Facilitating coping Explanation: This client's care in the coming weeks or months will likely encompass all of the four foundational roles of the nurse. However, because the client has just recently received bad news and is emotionally distraught, helping the client cope is an appropriate priority in his immediate care.

The nurse discussing the importance of professional nursing organizations setting standards should include which of the following statements? a) It helps identify nursing as a profession. b) It helps to identify nurses. c) It sets the standard for nursing research. d) It helps regulate nursing licensure.

It helps identify nursing as a profession. Explanation: Professional nursing organizations that set standards for nursing helps nursing meet the defining criteria for a profession. However, they do not regulate nursing practice, set standards for nursing research, or help to identify nurses.

A nurse wishes to pursue a degree as a nurse practitioner. What is the minimal degree needed by the nurse? a) Diploma b) Associates c) Masters d) Baccalaureate

Masters Explanation: A masters degree is the minimal degree for a nurse to become a nurse practitioner.

Together the nurse and a client with hypertension set a goal that states that the client will be able to identify foods to avoid on a low-sodium diet. The nurse completes this action as a part of which American Nurses Association Standard of Care? a) The RN identifies client outcomes. b) The RN implements the client's care. c) The RN promotes healthy blood pressure. d) The RN prescribes diets for clients.

The RN identifies client outcomes. Explanation: By setting client goals, the RN is identifying expected client outcomes for a plan of care, standard 3: Outcomes Identification. This is not an example of implementing a plan of care. While the RN does provide diet education, this is not a standard of care. The physician or advance practice nurse prescribes the diet, not the RN.

The nurse is evaluating client health. Which of the following clients should the nurse determine to be exhibiting the most signs of health? a) A client with diabetes who is in denial of the diabetes and refuses to take insulin b) A client in acute emotional distress due to husband's death c) A client with a leg amputation that performs activities of daily living with a prothesis d) A client with depression who refuses to get out of bed

A client with a leg amputation that performs activities of daily living with a prothesis Explanation: As defined by the World Health Organization, one's health includes physical, social, and mental components and is not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Health is often a subjective state—a person may be medically diagnosed with an illness, but still consider himself or herself healthy. The client with an amputee is performing activities of daily living, thereby demonstrating healthy behaviors.

A nurse is demonstrating collegiality in professional practice. What behaviors practiced by the nurse correlate with this standard of practice? Select all that apply. a) A nurse helps a colleague write a journal article. b) A nurse encourages a colleague to join the hospital journal club. c) A nurse encourages a colleague to quit smoking. d) A nurse encourages a colleague to join the American Nurses Association (ANA). e) A nurse helps a colleague complete a bed bath on a client.

A nurse helps a colleague write a journal article., A nurse encourages a colleague to join the hospital journal club., & A nurse encourages a colleague to join the American Nurses Association (ANA). Explanation: The ANA standard of collegiality refers to the nurse interacting and contributing to the professional development of peers and colleagues. Examples include helping a colleague write a journal article, encouraging a colleague to join the hospital journal club, or to join a professional organization, such as the ANA. Helping a colleague quit smoking does not contribute to the colleague's professional development. Helping a colleague complete a client bed bath indicates teamwork and collaboration, but does not help contribute to the colleague's professional development.

A 32-year-old construction worker is admitted to the emergency department after suffering a heat stroke. Which of the following IV solutions would the nurse expect the physician would order? a) A solution of dextrose b) A solution of normal saline c) Blood products d) Total parenteral nutrition

A solution of normal saline Explanation: An isotonic solution is helpful for hypotension caused by hypovolemia in dehydration. Examples of an isotonic solution include normal saline (0.9% NaCl) and lactated Ringer's.

The nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of cancer, and allows the client to verbalize fears relating to how to tell the children. The nurse's intervention reflects which aspect of nursing? a) Art of nursing b) Science of nursing c) Evidence-based practice d) Application of research

Art of nursing Explanation: In this example, the nurse is utilizing a holistic approach to the provision of nursing care based on the knowledge of providing psychosocial interventions, such as allowing the client to verbalize feelings/fears. This application of knowledge is the art of nursing. The science of nursing is the knowledge base for the provision of care. Evidence-based practice and application of research are using research to make decisions on how to care for clients.

Florence Nightingale introduced the concept of apprenticeship for nurses. Which of the following statements is an example of this? a) Taking an online class at a university b) Participating in a paid internship c) Completing clinical hours supervised by a nursing instructor d) Passing the NCLEX exam

Completing clinical hours supervised by a nursing instructor Explanation: Florence Nightingale's concept of apprenticeship involved training student nurses in a hospital setting. Completing clinical hours is an example of this. The other choices do not reflect this concept.

A nurse is planning to continue her education in the hopes of becoming an expert in geriatric nursing who carries out direct care. For which of the following expanded career roles is the nurse preparing? a) Clinical nurse specialist b) Nurse manager c) Nurse-midwife d) Physician assistant

Clinical nurse specialist Explanation: Clinical nurse specialists are nurses with an advanced degree who are considered experts in a specialized area of care. They also provide direct care, consultation, and education of clients, families, and staff. Nurse managers do not normally provide direct care. Nurse-midwives specialize in obstetrical care. Physician assistants are not nurses.

The nurse that has been in practice for 15 years is able to use intuition when providing care to clients and also utilizes resources and demands to attain specific goals. According to Author Patricia Benner, in From Novice to Expert (1984), what stage of practice is the nurse displaying? a) Novice b) Competent c) Proficient d) Expert

Expert Explanation: In From Novice to Expert, Patricia Benner (1984) discussed socialization and skill acquisition in nursing. A nurse passes through five levels of proficiency when acquiring and developing nursing skill: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert. Differences in each level reflect changes in three areas of skill performance. In the first area, the nurse moves from relying on abstract principles to using concrete experiences. The second area involves a change from seeing situations in parts to seeing them more conceptually, or as a whole. Finally, in the third area, the nurse is no longer outside the situation observing but is directly involved. This process takes 5 to 10 years after graduation.

The nurse recognizes that immunizations are an example of: a) Health promotion b) Illness prevention c) Health restoration d) Facilitating coping with disability and death

Illness prevention Explanation: The aim of illness prevention activities is to reduce the risk for illness, to promote good health habits, and to maintain optimal functioning. Immunization administration is an example of illness prevention. Assisting with crutch-walking and teaching medication administration are examples of health restoration activities, which encompasses early detection of a disease to rehabilitation. Hospice care is an example of facilitating coping with disability and death.

A nurse educator is discussing the role of nursing based on the American Nurses Association (ANA). Which statement best describes this role? a) Nursing is a profession dependent upon the medical community as a whole. b) It is the role of the physician, not the nurse, to assist clients in understanding their health problems. c) It is the role of nursing to provide a caring relationship that facilitates health and healing. d) The essential components of professional nursing care are strength, endurance, and cure.

It is the role of nursing to provide a caring relationship that facilitates health and healing. Explanation: The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines nursing as "the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations" (ANA, 2010). The ANA does not see nursing as dependent upon medicine. The ANA sees one of the roles of the nurse as assisting clients in understanding their health problems. The ANA does not address essential components of professional nursing care with terms such as strength, endurance, and cure.

The nurse understands that for nursing to be considered a profession, many things need to be in place. Which of the following is not part of those considerations? a) Well-defined body of knowledge b) Strong service orientation c) Code of ethics d) Ongoing research e) Multidisciplinary approach

Multidisciplinary approach Explanation: Having a well-defined body of knowledge, strong service orientation, code of ethics, ongoing research, professional organization that sets standards, autonomy and self regulation, and recognized authority by a professional group are all criteria for a profession. Having a multidisciplinary approach is not a criteria of a profession.

The nurse is caring for a client in the acute care setting. Which intervention reinforces a client's self esteem? a) Require the client to clean a leg wound before discharge can occur. b) Inform the client that the use of bedpan is safe during the early hospital days. c) Notify the client that occupational therapy is scheduled before discharge. d) Remove all liquids at the bedside due to aspiration risk.

Notify the client that occupational therapy is scheduled before discharge. Explanation: To be genuine, it must be firmly grounded in a realistic appraisal of one's strengths and weaknesses. If esteem needs go unmet, the person faces a life characterized by self-doubt and feelings of helplessness and worthlessness.

A nurse identifies a patient's health care needs and devises a plan of care to meet those needs. Which guideline is being followed in this case? a) Nursing standards b) Nursing orders c) Nurse practice acts d) Nursing process

Nursing process Explanation: Devising a plan of care is based on the nursing process. This process, identifies the client's healthcare needs and strengths, to establish and carry out a plan of care to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to meet established outcomes. Nursing standards allow nurses to carry out professional roles, serving as protection for the nurse, the patient, and the institution where healthcare is given. Nurse practice acts are laws established in each state in the United States to regulate the practice of nursing. Nursing orders prescribe the nursing care to be given to assist the client to meet health goals.

The student nurse is changing the bed linens of a hospitalized patient. While placing the contaminated materials into the laundry bag, the outside of the bag is touched by the material. What should the student nurse do next? a) Obtain another laundry bag and place the contaminated bag inside while in the patient's room. b) Notify his instructor of the error. c) Carefully remove the linens from the bag and place them into a clean bag. d) Take the bag to the disposal room and label the bag as contaminated.

Obtain another laundry bag and place the contaminated bag inside while in the patient's room. Explanation: If the outside of the bag becomes contaminated, place that bag in another bag (double-bagging).

What might a nurse need to do to ensure the continuation of his/her nursing license? a) Obtain a baccalaureate degree. b) Obtain a master's degree. c) Attend hospital in-services. d) Obtain continuing education credits.

Obtain continuing education credits. Explanation: In many states, continuing education is required for an RN to maintain licensure. These are defined as professional development experiences designed to enrich the nurse's contribution to health. Obtainment of an ongoing degree is not necessary to maintain licensure. While hospital in-services may provide continuing education, not all in-services are designed to do so.

The diploma nurse is considering obtaining a baccalaureate degree. Which degree should the nurse investigate? a) DNP b) RN to BSN c) Accelerated degree d) MSN

RN to BSN Explanation: The diploma nurse considering obtaining a baccalaureate degree should investigate RN to BSN programs. This degree is designed for registered nurses with a diploma degree. The DNP is designed as the terminal degree (doctorate degree) for nursing practice. The accelerated degree is designed for people with a baccalaureate degree, not in nursing to obtain their BSN in 1 to 2 years. The MSN is designed for nurses with a baccalaureate degree to obtain a masters degree in nursing.

Which nursing intervention would be most appropriate for a new mother that calls the nursery for help with breastfeeding? a) Refer the mother for a home care visit. b) Ask the mother to come to the emergency room. c) Email the mother a link for breastfeeding. d) Suggest that the mother bottle feed her infant.

Refer the mother for a home care visit. Explanation: It is the role of the nurse to encourage health promotion by providing information and referrals; therefore, the nurse should refer the mother for a home care visit, as this will enable the mother to receive all of the breastfeeding help that is needed. Emailing a link for breastfeeding provides information, but not the support that is needed if a mother is having difficulty with breastfeeding. Suggesting bottle feeding and/or going to the emergency room is inappropriate.

Which of the following are the best examples of the role of the nurse as a communicator? Select all that apply. a) Telling a client their blood pressure b) Calling a physician about a client's blood pressure c) Informing the physical therapist that client's therapy was discontinued d) Telling a friend about something that happened to a client that day

Telling a client their blood pressure, Calling a physician about a client's blood pressure, and Informing the physical therapist that client's therapy was discontinued Explanation: When acting in the role of communicator, the nurse is using effective interpersonal and therapeutic communication skills to establish and maintain helping relationships for clients. Examples include telling a client their blood pressure, calling a physician regarding a client condition, and communication pertinent information with members of the allied discipline team, such as the physical therapist. Telling a friend something that happened to a client that day is not the role of the nurse as communicator, in fact it may be a violation of the client's privacy and confidentiality.

The registered nurse communicates with the physical therapist that a client is now on strict bed rest due to bradycardia. Which statement best explains the standard exemplified by the nurse? a) The RN coordinates care delivery. b) The RN identifies outcomes. c) The RN analyzes client data. d) The RN collects client data.

The RN coordinates care delivery. Explanation: The standard exemplified by the nurse is 5a: Coordination of Care: The RN coordinates care delivery.

Which of the following is the best example of client-centered approach to care? a) The nurse helps a client ambulate. b) The nurse asks the client about his health goals. c) The nurse asks the client what he would like to order from menu. d) The nurse drawing a blood sample from a client.

The nurse asks the client about his health goals. Explanation: Client-centered care is one of the quality and safety education requirements for nursing competencies (QSEN). The intent of client-centered care is to ensure that care is centered on the client, and not the needs of the nurse. An example of this is the nurse asking the client about his health goals so that they can be addressed on the client's plan of care. Helping the client ambulate and drawing a blood sample are examples of client care, but are not client-centered care.

A registered nurse wishes to work as a nurse researcher. Which is true regarding nurse researchers? a) They are responsible for the continued development and advancement of nursing. b) They usually have a baccalaureate degree in nursing. c) They serve as liaisons between staff members and directors of nursing. d) They tend to work in community health centers and long-term care units.

They are responsible for the continued development and advancement of nursing. Explanation: Nurse researchers are responsible for the continued development and refinement of nursing. They usually have advanced education in addition to a baccalaureate degree in nursing. Nurse administrators, not nurse researchers, serve as liaisons between staff members and directors of nursing. Nurse researchers tend to work in large teaching hospitals, research centers, and academic institutions, not community health centers and long-term care units.

A physician tells the nurse that nursing is a discipline, but not a profession. Which of the following criteria should the nurse utilize to demonstrate that nursing is increasingly recognized as a profession? Select all that apply. a) Well-defined body of knowledge b) Code of ethics c) Ongoing research d) Regulation by the medical profession

Well-defined body of knowledge, Code of ethics, & Ongoing research Explanation: Nursing is recognized increasingly as a profession based on the following defining criteria: well-defined body of specific and unique knowledge; strong service orientation; recognized authority by a professional group; code of ethics; professional organization that sets standards; ongoing research; autonomy and self-regulation

A registered nurse (RN) is caring for four clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which task is most appropriate for the nurse to delegate to the licensed practical nurse (LPN)? a) administering bedside blood glucose testing b) administering blood products c) administering intravenous push medication d) administering chemotherapy

administering bedside blood glucose testing Explanation: The LPN, under the Nurse Practice Act, is permitted to administer testing for bedside blood glucose. The nurse must recognize the scope of practice of the delegate, and remember that client needs and activities delegated must be matched to skill level. The RN would not delegate administration of blood products, intravenous push medication, or chemotherapy to the LPN, as these tasks are not covered under the LPN's nurse practice act (NPA).

A nurse is considering relocating to another state to practice nursing. Which of the following is the most appropriate action by the nurse to ensure ability to practice in the new state? a) asking the current state to transfer the license b) applying for a reciprocal license in the new state c) taking the new state's licensing exam d) No action is needed by the nurse.

applying for a reciprocal license in the new state Explanation: Nurses gain legal rights to practice nursing in another state by applying to that state's board of nursing and receiving reciprocal licensure.

What is the primary purpose of standards of nursing practice? a) to provide a method by which nurses perform skills safely b) to ensure knowledgeable, safe, comprehensive nursing care to establish nursing as a profession and a discipline c) to enable nurses d) to have a voice in health care policy

to ensure knowledgeable, safe, comprehensive nursing care Explanation: Each nurse is accountable for her own quality of practice and is responsible for using standards to ensure knowledgeable, safe, comprehensive care. Standards of practice do not provide the ability to safely perform skills, establish nursing as a profession and discipline, or enable nurses to have a voice in health care policy.