nutrition

treatment for diabetes includes which of the following

-diet -insulin injections -oral meds -exercise

choose the nutrients that are considered essential

-water -glucose -linoleic acid

in the United States during 2012, and estimated total of _ people were diagnosed with diabetes or had the disease but had not been diagnosed

29.1 million

which of the following alternative sweetener cannot be used for cooking

aspartame

mouth

begins the chemical digestion of starch

diets that lack proper nutrition can lead to the development of nutrient _ diseases

deficiency

type 2 diabetes and obesity are related to _ practices common in American society

dietary

type 2 diabetes and obesity are related to ___ practices common in American society

dietary

to remedy constipation, you should

drink more water

large intestine

elimination of waste products

alpha-linolenic, folate, iron, and glucose are all

essential nutrients for humans

which of the following is true about a case- control study

individuals with a health condition are matched with individuals without the condition but with similar characteristics

constipation can be caused by a diet that is _ in fiber and water

low

what is the state of health when the body is improperly nourish, including under- and over nutrition

malnutrition

a physical activity that prepares solid foods for swallowing and chemical digestion is called _

mastication

is the study of how the body uses nutrients

nutrition

which of the following terms best describes the study of how the body utilizes nutrients

nutriton

liver

produce and secrete bile

function of the pancreas

secretes bicarbonate ions to neutralize HCL

true or false , type 1 diabetic patients always require insulin

true

true or false : an item with a low pH is acidic

true

diet exercise and oral medications are typical treatments for

type 2 diabetes

identify the chemical structure of glucose, fructose, and galactose

- a six carbon monosaccharide that usually exists in a ring form

observational epidemiological research includes

-cohort studies -case control studies

which of the following is missing from grain products

bran seed

the acid in the _ helps to activate digestive enzymes, makes proteins easier to digest, and kills many disease causing microorganism's

stomach

the artificial sweetener _ is considered useful in baking because it resists destruction by heat

sucralose

studying the different dietary practices and disease occurrences amount populations, nutrition scientists may learn much about the influence of diet on health

true

which of the following are the major professional divisions for register dietitians

- food service systems management -community nutrition -clinical dietetics

which of the following are traditional symptoms of diabetes

- frequent urination -extreme thirst -blurred vision

ranks the following steps of the scientific method

- make observations that generate questions -formulate a Hypothesis -develop research experiments -analysis of research and interpretation -share results with peers -conduct more research to confirm results

a child that eats macaroni and cheese for lunch and then vomits 2 hours later learns to dislike macaroni and cheese even though the macaroni and cheese did not cause the vomiting. this is an example of _ influencing food choices

cognitive and psychological factors

_ carbohydrates have three or more monosaccharides bonded together

complex

a _ carbohydrate has three or more monosaccharides bonded together

complex

a nutrient is considered to _ when it must be supplies by food because the body does not synthesis the nutrient or make enough to meed its needs

essential

_ the process of absorption which requires a carrier protein but no energy

facilitated diffusion

which monosaccharide is commonly found as a component in fruit

fructose

in 2011 __________ was the leading cause of death in America

heart disease

stomach

muscular sac that can hold up to 4 cups of food

the two organs that produce most of the digestive enzymes

pancreas & small intestine

in regards to healthy people 2020, a major focus of the government is on the ____ of obesity and chronic health problems

prevention

salivary glands

produce and secrete salivary amylase

pancreases

produce and secrete the majority of digestive enzymes

cohort studies can be retrospective or _

prospective

gallbladder

release bile into duodenum

key features of essential nutrients are

- reintroduction of the nutrient after a deficiency disease develops will resolve the disease -the nutrient's role in the body can be explained by scientists -a deficiency disease occurs if the nutrient is missing from the diet

which term best describes a person usual pattern of food calories

diet

individualizing duals with type 1 diabetes have to be treated with which approach

insulin

small intestine

major site of chemical digestion and absorption

which food is energy-dense but not empty calorie

mixed nuts

simple carbohydrates include _, which contain only one sugar unit, and _, which contain two sugar units bonded together

monosaccharides, disaccharides

the class of carbohydrates that are associated with proteins and assist in the lubrication of skeletal joints is known as

mucins

because no natural food contains all nutrients in amount needed by the Body _ in the diet is critical

variety

consuming a ___ of foods will help make sure that all necessary nutrients are provided in the diet

variety

consumption of beverages sweetened with which of the following is associated with excess caloric intake and can contribute to an increased risk for diabetes and heart disease

-HFCS -table sugar

which of the following foods would be considered a provider of empty calories

-alcohol -sugar- sweetened soft drinks -pastries

nutrients can be classified by

-amount body needs -essentiality -chemical composition

though carbohydrates are known as the major source of fuel for the body, they also

-assist in lubricating joints -help with cell signaling -hold cells together in tissues

diarrhea is most often caused by _

-bacterial infections -viral infections

place the foods in order of highest energy density to lowest

-butter -whole milk -lettuce

a phytochemical supplement is identical to what is found in a food

false

true or false : individuals with type 1 diabetes may not require insulin

false

true or false ; type 1 diabetes only begins during childhood

false

what motivated the promoter of a product? are they more interested in your health or in selling the product? is the source of scientific information from peer- reviewed journals? these questions are examples of

how to evaluate nutrition information

most cases of type 1 diabetes begin with an _ system disorder, which causes destruction of the _ -producing cells in the _

immune; insulin; pancreas

the Boyd makes ______ amounts of conditionally essential nutrients

inadequate

the body makes _ amounts of conditionally essential nutrients

inadequate

cognitive factors that influence food choices involve the ____ process

learning

the process of non-essential nutrients becoming conditionally essential may be the result of

metabolic disorders, serious diseases, pregnancy

choose the situation when it would be appropriate for people to take specific nutrient supplements

-certain inherited disorders -digestive disorder that interfere with nutrient absorption -older adults who may need higher amounts of nutrient that what is found in food

a person typically needs a strong positive motivation to get them to change their eating behaviors. what are circumstances that will motivate a person to improve ingrained food-related behaviors

-desire to gain/lose weight -motivated to improve health

Dumping syndrome often occurs after which of the following

-esophageal surgery -stomach surgery -bariatric surgery

carbohydrates are made of

-hydrogen -carbon -oxygen

the _ method is a process that tests a hypothesis in order to generate a conclusion, which can be reported and then confirmed or refuted by additional studies

scientific

prior to publishing the results of an experiment

the results an analysis are peer- reviewed by other subject matter experts

though_____ is required in large amount in the Boyd, it does not provide energy

water

a _ group, which receives no treatment, allows researcher to determine if an experimental treatment has any effect

control

research supports that consuming HFCS is _ to health than consuming regular table sugar

no more detrimental

the Boyd breaks down food into ___ such as carbohydrates, fat and protein

nutrients

_ the study of how the body uses nutrients

nutrition

esophagus

transfer of food from mouth to stomach

irritable bowel syndrome is more common In

women

Crohn's disease often results in the formation of :

-intestinal blockages -intestinal abscesses -fistulas

which of the following are disaccharides

-maltose -lactose -sucrose

nutrient deficiency disease are a result of _

-poor diets -lack of proper nutrition

which of the following are examples of goals for healthy people in 2020

-reduce the number of adults who are obese -reduce the consumption of solid fats and added sugars -increase the contribution of fruits and whole grains to the diets of people 2 years and older

which of the following occurs after completion of an experiment

-scientist summarize the findings -scientists seek to publish the results in scientific journals -scientist figure out if the findings support or disprove the hypothesis

the process of non- essential nutrients becoming conditionally essential may be the result of:

-serious diseases -pregnancy -metabolic disorders

which of the following must be present in a food labeled "whole grain"

-starchy endosperm -oily germ -fiber- rich bran

choose the functions of intestinal bacteria

-synthesis of vitamins, B-12, thiamin, and biotin -metabolism of certain phytochemical into forms that can be used by the Body

choose the descriptions that accurately define the scientific method

-testing a hypothesis in order to draw an evidence-based conclusion -a procedure designed to decrease error -educated guess about the relationship between a variable and an outcome

compared to the past, todays typical American diet can directly contribute to serious diseases such as:

-type 2 diabetes -obesity

place items in order form lowest pH ending with the item that has the highest pH

1. lemon juice 2. black coffee 3. water 4. baking soda 5. oven cleaner