Nutrition Chapter 7
Your body makes proteins by following information coded in your _____________
DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
What element is part of protein, but not part of lipids or carbohydrates?
Nitrogen
Are any naturally occurring foods 100% protein?
No
Where does protein digestion begin and end?
Stomach/Small Intestinal cells
Do all cells contain protein?
Yes
Edema refers to
a buildup of fluid in tissues
The end product of protein digestion is
amino acids
When a protein is exposed to various conditions that cause it to alter its shape, the protein has undergone
denaturation
Diets that do not supply adequate amounts of _____________ _____________ _____________ can result in poor growth, slowed recovery from illness, and even death
essential amino acids
Cholesterol supplied by diet is considered an _____________ source and cholesterol that is manufactured by the body is an ___________ source
exogenous, endogenous
Children w PEM are at risk for which of the following?
lower intelligence, weakness and irritability, stunted growth
The form of protein-energy malnutrition referred to as starvation is known as ____________
marasmus
Enzymes, antibodies, and clotting compounds are made of __________
proteins
Gluten-free products are often high in
sodium, fats, simple sugars
After being digested, most amino acids are
transported into absorptive cells
Protein-energy malnutrition is an example of
undernutrition
What are signs and symptoms of celiac disease?
weight loss, chronic diarrhea, abdominal bloating
A _____________ ____________ balance occurs when a person consumes more protein daily than he or she loses
positive nitrogen
After being digested, most amino acids are transported into ______________ _____________
absorptive cells
PEM affects people whose diets lack ______________
energy, protein
The process of breaking down old and unneeded proteins into their component amino acids and recycling them to make new proteins is called _____________ ___________
protein turnover
What is true about transamination?
reactions are reversible, involves the process of transferring a nitrogen-containing group to another substance to make an amino acid
To treat children with PEM children need hospitalization, frequent health assessments, and carefully controlled _________
refeeding
Each organism synthesizes proteins that are _________ to the specific organism
unique
To make dishes with complementary combinations, a consumer must know
which plant foods are good sources of protein, which essential amino acids are limiting in plant foods