Nutrition Chapter 7

Your body makes proteins by following information coded in your _____________

DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid

What element is part of protein, but not part of lipids or carbohydrates?

Nitrogen

Are any naturally occurring foods 100% protein?

No

Where does protein digestion begin and end?

Stomach/Small Intestinal cells

Do all cells contain protein?

Yes

Edema refers to

a buildup of fluid in tissues

The end product of protein digestion is

amino acids

When a protein is exposed to various conditions that cause it to alter its shape, the protein has undergone

denaturation

Diets that do not supply adequate amounts of _____________ _____________ _____________ can result in poor growth, slowed recovery from illness, and even death

essential amino acids

Cholesterol supplied by diet is considered an _____________ source and cholesterol that is manufactured by the body is an ___________ source

exogenous, endogenous

Children w PEM are at risk for which of the following?

lower intelligence, weakness and irritability, stunted growth

The form of protein-energy malnutrition referred to as starvation is known as ____________

marasmus

Enzymes, antibodies, and clotting compounds are made of __________

proteins

Gluten-free products are often high in

sodium, fats, simple sugars

After being digested, most amino acids are

transported into absorptive cells

Protein-energy malnutrition is an example of

undernutrition

What are signs and symptoms of celiac disease?

weight loss, chronic diarrhea, abdominal bloating

A _____________ ____________ balance occurs when a person consumes more protein daily than he or she loses

positive nitrogen

After being digested, most amino acids are transported into ______________ _____________

absorptive cells

PEM affects people whose diets lack ______________

energy, protein

The process of breaking down old and unneeded proteins into their component amino acids and recycling them to make new proteins is called _____________ ___________

protein turnover

What is true about transamination?

reactions are reversible, involves the process of transferring a nitrogen-containing group to another substance to make an amino acid

To treat children with PEM children need hospitalization, frequent health assessments, and carefully controlled _________

refeeding

Each organism synthesizes proteins that are _________ to the specific organism

unique

To make dishes with complementary combinations, a consumer must know

which plant foods are good sources of protein, which essential amino acids are limiting in plant foods