Nutrition Final

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the american dietetic association recommends ___ grams of protein per kilogram of body weight each day for an endurance athlete

1.2-1.4

the DRI committee recommends " " 10% of total calories as he minimum amount of protein

10

dietary guidelines recommend consuming less than ___% of calories from saturated fatty acids

10%

approximately _____gms a day of carbs are needed to ensure complete sparing of body protein in an average size person

130

a woman of normal weight may have, on the average ____ percent of the body weight as fat

20%

dietary guidelines recommend reducing daily sodium intake to less than ___

2300mgs

a food provides 8gms of fat and 300 total calories, what is the percentage of calories in this product?

24%

carbohydrate and protein each contain _____ calories in a gram

4

hunger makes itself known roughly ___ hours after eating

4-6

dietary guidelines are updated every ___ years

5

one gram of alcohol is equal to ____ calories

7

The dietary reference intakes are made up of

RDA, EAR, UL, AND AI

in making recommendations for protein intake, the committee on DRI took into consideration that the protein in a normal diet would be

a combo of animal and plant sources

if you do not eat on a regular basis throughout the day, the effect on the body will be

a coordinated effort to draw stored energy from various parts of the body

daily values are based on what type of diet

a healthy adult 2,000-2500 calorie diet

characteristics of type 2 diabetes include all of the following except

a pancreas that makes too little or no insulin

good food choices can reduce the chance of developing chronic diseases

true

once a new finding is published in a scientific journal, it is still only preliminary

true

sickle cell disease is an example of an inherited mistake in the amino acid sequence

true

the EAR are used primarily in research and policy making

true

the glycemic index and glycemic load of foods may be important to people with diabetes who must strive to regulate blood glucose control

true

which of the following best describes the fluoride content of the bottled water

unpredictable

when you are ill with a cold, you fix a bowl of chicken noodle soup to eat to feel better. what factor drives your food choice in this situation

emotional support

successful weight maintainers

exercise regularly AND keep track of food intake an exercise habits

cultural traditions regarding food are static and inflexible

false

in early food deprivation, the nervous system cannot use ____ as fuel

fat

which of the following are most prone to iron deficiency

female athletes AND endurance athletes

the difference between foodbourne infection and foodbourne intoxication is that

foodbourne intoxication results from chemicals produced by microbes

which monosaccharide is responsible for the sweet taste of fruit

fructose

describe two components of my plate

fruits proteins

which of the following is the most used monosaccharide inside the body?

glucose

the best way to achieve a desirable amount of fiber is to

include fruits, vegetables, and grains in the diet, and emphasize whole, unprocessed foods ** both A and B

a very low carb diet may be accompanied by

ketosis

anaerobic glucose breakdown procedures a compound called ____ that accumulates in the tissues and the blood

lactate

the hormone produced by adipose tissue in response to body fat production that helps control obesity

leptin

which of the following is characteristic of a diet to oppose heart disease?

low in trans fats

health professionals advise people with low fitness levels to engage in activities of _____ for weight loss

low to moderate intensity AND long duration

in early minutes of an activity, ______ provides the majority of energy the muscles use to go into action

muscle glycogen

the disaccharides include

sucrose, maltose, and lactose

which of the following poses a formidable obstacle to a successful organ transplant

t cells

the principle of food source of chloride is

table salt

when fructose and glucose are bonded together they form

table sugar

water assists in

temperature regulation and acidbase regulation

the amount of protein needed for physical activity varies depending on

the amount of training in a particular exercise an athlete has had

what are discretionary calories

the balance of calories remaining in a diet after consuming those needed to meet recommended nutrient intakes

if amino acids are oversupplied

the body removes and excretes their amine groups and the body converts amino acids and residues to glycogen or fat ** B and C

fat contains ___ calories in a gram

9

identify the 4 characteristics of a nutritious diet

adequacy, balance, moderation, variation, calorie count (ABMVC)

the psychological desire to eat is referred to as

appetite

complex carbs

are long chains of sugar units arranged to form starch or fiber

which of the following synthetic sweetners should not be given to individuals with phenylketonuria

aspartame

reduced sodium means the product has

at least 25% less sodium than the original packet

how much of the starches and grains in the diet should be made up of whole grains

at least half

you have just consumed a meal very high in fat. as a result, hormonal messages will tell an organ to send " " in amounts matched to the amount of fat present

bile

which of the following mechanisms is important for the digestion of fats in foods

bile in the small intestine emulsifies the fat for enzyme action

hard water has high concentrations of

calcium and magnesium

which of the following is preferred fuel for most body functions

carb

which of the following is not a true statement

carbs from food is especially easy for the body to store as fat

which of the following is not a function of fat in the human body

carries the water soluble nutrients

which food is not considered a part of the mean and protein category

cheese

DRI recommendations concerning intakes of fats include:

consume no more than 35% of calories from fat and keep saturated fat intake as low as possible ** A and B

the main purpose of the national research project, the national health and nutrition examination surveys (NHANES) and the continuing survey of food intake by individuals (CSFII) is to

determine what the nutrient and dietary intake for the population in our country are

which of the following strategies should be used by someone experience heart burn

drink liquids an hour before or after meals and eat smaller meals **** A and B

which of the following is not a desirable blood lipid value

high LDL

which of the following types of foods sustain satiety longer than other foods?

high in fiber and high in protein

the main dietary factor associated with elevated blood cholesterol is

high saturated and trans fat intake

nitrites are commonly found in

hot dogs AND ham

which of the following are characteristics of spreadable margarines made from polyunsaturated oils?

hydrogen is forced into the oil and some of the unsaturated fatty acids accept it and the oil becomes harder after the hydrogen is added ***A and B

fad diets are successful in the short term because they

induce a calorie deficit

nitrites are added to foods to

inhibit rancidity AND preserve their color

when the pancreas detects a high concentration of the bloods sugar, glucose, it releases

insulin

which vitamin or mineral has an UL

iron vitamin A vitamin D ****all the above

which of the following is a characteristic of alcohol?

it contributes calories & it interferes with repair of body tissues ****B and C

which of the following statements about basal metabolism is true

it supports the work that goes on all the time and it is directly controlled by the hormone thryoxine

the calorie deficiency disease resulting from chronic starvation is known as

marasmus

with two exceptions the " " food group provides almost no carbs of the diet

meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts

which of the following contain a lot of carbs

milk

which of the following groups of the USDA food guide contributes an abundance of high quality protein?

milk and meat

the abundance of type of foods today has made it

more difficult to plan a nutritious diet

which of the following is found in protein but not in carbohydrate or fat

nitrogen

to determine whether the main type of fatty acid in a fat is saturated or unsaturated the following guidance can be used

oils that remain a clear color in the refrigerator are unsaturated

when the blood glucose levels rises after a meal, the first organ to respond is the

pancreas

which of the following is not on the major storage systems which store and release nutrients to meet the cells needs between meals

pancreas

the digestive juices in the digestive tract include

pancreatic juice, which neutralizes stomach acids reaching the small intestine

which of the following are the first to defend the body tissues against invaders

pathogens

an " " bond is formed between the amine group end of one amino acid and the acid group end of the next amino acid in a protein

peptide

the most energy rich nutrient is ____

protein

which of the following nutrients yield energy, but also provides materials that form structures and working parts of body tissues

protein

the energy yielding nutrients include

protein and fat *** both a and b

glycogen is stored in the body for future use. if it is drawn upon it will

provide energy for cell activities during extended between meal intervals

what is RDA an abbreviation for

recommended dietary allowances

which of the following would be the best dietary advice for someone who needs to lower her blood cholesterol levels

reduce the intake of saturated and trans fat in your diet to lower LDL levels in the blood

the main purpose of the kidneys in the body is to

remove everyday wastes and water from the body

which of the following are the best known and most widely used antimicrobial agents

salt and sugar

cells can be best described as

self contained living entities

the primary organ of digestion and absorption is the

small intestine

harry has a monotonous diet and eats the same foods every day. you try to convince him to eat a variety of foods because

some less well know nutrients and some nonnutrient food components could be important to health

all of the following factors are associated with a higher basal metabolic rate except

starvation

cholesterol is the best known of the

sterols

an advertisement for a new performance-enhancing supplement is on the internet. what can you assume about the advertisement for the supplement.

the information needs to be checked for the scientific validity and accuracy

which of the following is characteristic of type one diabetes

the persons immune systems attacks the cells of the pancreas and the pancreas no longer produces insulin ****A and B

which of the following statements about trans fatty acids are true

they arise when polyunsaturated oils are hydrogenated

what does UL mean

tolerable upper intake levels

about 95% of the lipids in foods and in the human body are

triglycerides

waist circumference reflects the degree of _____ in proportion to body fatness

visceral fatness

the most important antioxidant related to physical activity is

vitamin E

which of the following makes up about 60% of the body weight

water

which of the following helps prevent type 2 diabetes

weight control, exercise, and a healthy lifestyle

when making food choices, the best types of foods to include in your diet are

whole foods, because they provide the basis of a nutritious diet

which of the following terms would you look for on a bread label to choose the most nutritious product?

whole grain

is it possible to have too much fiber in your diet

yes because some fibers bind with minerals and carry them out the body


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