OB STUDY

four key leader behaviors

inspirational motivation, idealized influence, individualized consideration, and intellectual stimulation.

Active listeners

"all in." They are motivated to listen and give full attention when others are talking. They focus on what is being communicated and expend energy participating in the discussion. They also use body language such as leaning in or direct eye contact to convey interest.

Companies with a market culture have a strong external focus and value stability and control. They have a strong desire to deliver results and accomplish goals, such that customers and profits take precedence over employee development and satisfaction.

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Organizational politics cannot be eliminated. Political maneuvering can and should be managed to keep it constructive and within reasonable bounds.

--

Valued knowledge or information gives an individual expert power over those who need such knowledge or information

--

Restricting employees' use of social media at work generally leads to gains in productivity.

FALSE-

________ is the conflict-handling style that is passive withdrawal from the problem and active suppression of the issue.

AVOIDING

What cultural types represent competing values?

Adhocracy and hierarchy

Which of the following tips should be used by employees having a personality conflict with another employee?

Emphasize problem solving and common objectives.

Eight common symptoms of groupthink are:

Invulnerability Inherent morality Rationalization Stereotyped views of opposition Self-censorship Illusion of unanimity Peer pressure Mindguards

_________ are the dimensions of situational control in Fiedler's model.

Leader-member relations, task structure, and position power

Psychological empowerment occurs when we feel a sense of

MEANING

psychological empowerment.

Meaning, competence, self-determination, and impact at work all occur when we feel a sense of

Neal has asked Liz, who has the office next to him, to watch him practice the presentation he will be giving to his bosses next week. What step of the TED protocol for effective presentations is Neal in?

PUT IT TOGETHER

Which of the following is one of the assumptions underlying nonrational models of decision making?

Rational decision making is a struggle.

most effective at building commitment and are considered core influence tactics.

Rational persuasion, consultation, collaboration, and inspirational appeals

value orientation

Reflects the extent to which an individual focuses on either task and technical concerns or people and social concerns when making decisions.

Clan and market cultures are more likely to deliver higher customer satisfaction and market share.

TRUE

Communication begins when a sender encodes an idea or thought.

TRUE

Conflict in the workplace can lead to absenteeism and turnover.

TRUE

Conflict is the energy created by the perceived gap between what we want and what we're experiencing.

TRUE

Employees lacking in honesty and humbleness qualities are known to engage in more CWBs and have lower performance.

TRUE

One of the important functions of organizational culture is to facilitate collective commitment.

TRUE

One of the possible causes of incivility in the workplace is autocratic leadership.

TRUE

Research has shown that the use of uncooperative styles (dominating and avoiding) actually increases conflict.

TRUE

Social listening is a dimension of listening that pertains to how we communicate and listen to others using social media and communication technologies that influence our personal engagement with others.

TRUE

Phases of the Mentoring Process

The four phases of mentoring are initiation, cultivation, separation, and redefinition. The initiation phase lasts 6-12 months and the cultivation phases spans two to five years.

Adhocracy

a selectively decentralized form of organization that emphasizes the support staff and mutual adjustment among people

hierarchy

a system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority.

KRAM TWO GENERAL FUNCTIONS

career and psychosocial—of the mentoring process.

situation that commonly produces workplace conflict?

change, poor management, personality difference, unclear roles and responsibilities.

In the _________ bias, a decision maker subconsciously decides something even before investigating, and then seeks information that supports the decision.

confirmation

In influence sharing, the manager adopts the _________ style.

consultation

Folding arms, crossing hands, and crossing legs communicate

defensiveness.

Organizational culture

defined as the set of shared, taken-for-granted implicit assumptions that a group holds and that determines how it perceives, thinks about, and reacts to its various environments.

In the encounter phase of organizational socialization,

employees' values, skills, and attitudes start to shift as the new recruit discovers what the organization is truly like.

Examples of crucial conversations

ending a relationship, talking to a coworker or classmate who behaves offensively, giving the boss or professor feedback, critiquing a classmate's or colleague's work, asking a roommate to move out, talking to a team member who isn't keeping commitments, and giving an unfavorable performance review.

In making a decision,

evidence forms the basis of the decision.

Managers use ________ in three different ways: to make a decision, to inform a decision, and to support a decision.

evidence or data

Leader-member exchange (LMX) theory

focuses on the quality of relationships, not the quantity.

Five advantages of group decision making

greater pool of knowledge, different approaches to a problem, greater commitment to a decision, better understanding of decision rationale, and more visible role modeling. A disadvantage is more social pressure that leads to conformity.

The first three forms of power

legitimate, reward, and coercive—are often referred to as position power because the source of influence is associated with a particular job or position within an organization.

Linguistic style

refers to a person's characteristic speaking pattern. It includes such features as directness or indirectness, pacing and pausing, word choice, and the use of such elements as jokes, figures of speech, stories, questions, and apologies. In other words, linguistic style is a set of culturally learned signals by which we not only communicate what we mean but also interpret others' meaning and evaluate one another as people.

The socialization tactic that ranges from a newcomer being socialized over time with the help of an experienced member, to the newcomer not being provided with a role model, is

serial versus disjunctive.

A global mind-set is an increasingly valued _________ trait.

task-oriented

A major drawback of _________ is that "winning the debate" may overshadow the issue at hand, leading to a less than desired conclusion.

the dialectic method

EVIDENCE BASED DECISION MAKING

the process of conscientiously using the best available data and evidence when making managerial decisions. It holds the promise of helping to avoid different decision-making biases, with the hope of improving performance while reducing costs. Proponents also believe evidence-based decision making can help in the use of "big data" to market and sell products and services.

A certain amount of cohesiveness can turn a group of individuals into a smooth-running team. Too much cohesiveness, however, can breed groupthink because a desire to get along pushes aside critical thinking.

true

It is suspected that judgmental heuristics are partly to blame for inaccurate diagnoses and treatment by physicians and other health care professionals because they don't have the time to consider all of a patient's symptoms.

true

Leaders need strategic skills to craft an organization's mission, vision, strategies, and implementation plans. Strategic skills matter most for individuals at the top ranks in an organization.

true

Humble leaders tend to display five key qualities

valued by employees: high self-awareness, openness to feedback, appreciation of others, low self-focus, and appreciation of the greater good.

serial tactic

when the newcomer is socialized over time with the help of an experienced member, versus the disjunctive tactic when the newcomer is not provided a role model.

The acronym STATE

will help you address even the most difficult conversations with a plan or path to follow: share your facts; tell your story; ask for others' facts and stories; talk tentatively; encourage testing.

Julie takes a broad perspective to problem solving and likes to consider many options and future possibilities. She has a long-term perspective and relies heavily on intuition and discussions with others, and is good at finding creative solutions to problems. Julie has a(n) ________ style.

CONCEPTUAL

________ is putting someone in a good mood prior to making a request. being friendly, helpful, and using praise, flattery, or humor.

Ingratiation

confirmation bias

The decision maker (1) subconsciously decides something even before investigating why it is the right decisions, for example, making a snap decision to purchase a particular smartphone; and (2) seeks information that supports purchasing this particular phone while discounting information that does not.

___________ focuses on clarifying employees' role and task requirements and providing followers with positive and negative rewards contingent on performance.

Transactional leadership

Emotional intelligence

mall, positive, and significant association with leadership effectiveness.

In a(n) ___________ culture, improving profitability and meeting strategic goals are often prioritized over employee satisfaction.

market

What phase of the mentoring process lasts two to five years?

CULTIVATION