Organizational Behavior Chapter 9-12 Quiz Questions

According to the Leadership Grid, a manager who is not concerned about production but exhibits high concern for people would be a ____ manager on the grid. a. 5,5 b. 1,1 c. 9,9 d. 9,1 e. 1,9

1,9

For effective communication to take place, both parties must

Attach the same meaning to symbols used in the message

Which conflict resolution strategy entails ignoring the conflict or denying that it exists? a. competing b. accommodating c. compromising d. avoiding e. collaborating

Avoiding

The medium used to send information is called the

Channel

________ conflict occurs due to personality differences. a. values b. information c. process d. task e. relationship

Relationship

Which type of conflict arises due to interpersonal issues? a. process conflict b. values conflict c. information conflict d. relationship conflict e. task conflict

Relationship conflict

According to Project GLOBE, which type of leadership includes behaviors intending to ensure the safety and security of the leader and the group? a. Participative b. Humane-oriented c. Team-oriented d. Autonomous e. Self-protective

Self-protective

Which leadership style of the Hersey and Blanchard model entails offering direction and role definition accompanied by explanation and information? a. Delegating b. Telling c. Situational d. Participating e. Selling

Selling

The __________ refers to an individual, group, or organization that is interested in conveying a particular message to another party. a. receiver b. channel c. decoder d. noise generator e. sender

Sender

All of the following are examples of body language EXCEPT a. smiling b. sitting back with arms folded c. shouting d. making eye contact

Shouting

A leader who achieves a superior alignment between the organization and the environment is known as a a. strategic leader b. structural leader c. charismatic leader d. virtual leader

Strategic leader

Which type of leadership entails the ability to understand the complexities of both the organization and its environment so as to maintain a superior alignment between them? a. Virtual leadership b. Transactional leadership c. Transformational leadership d. Strategic leadership e. Charismatic leadership

Strategic leadership

________ conflict occurs as a result of process features of the organization. a. structural b. information c. values d. task e. relationship

Structural

A group of managers cannot agree on what next month's sales goals should be. The group is experiencing a. relationship conflict b. task conflict c. values conflict d. process conflict

Task conflict

A group of managers cannot agree on what next month's sales goals should be. The group is experiencing a. values conflict b. process conflict c. information conflict d. task conflict e. relationship conflict

Task conflict

According to Project GLOBE, which style of leadership emphasizes creating a sense of common purpose and includes being collaborative, diplomatic, and administratively competent? a. Self-protective b. Team-oriented c. Autonomous d. Humane-oriented e. Participative

Team-oriented

Task characteristics that may substitute for leader behavior include all of the following EXCEPT a. tediousness b. frequent feedback c. routine d. intrinsic satisfaction

Tediousness

The definition of leadership includes all of the following EXCEPT a. the ability to affect the perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes of others. b. a set of characteristics attributed to certain people. c. that it is both a process and a property. d. the use of noncoercive influence. e. the effective use of force and/or coercion

The effective use of force and/or coercion

In LMX theory, what ultimately determines whether the follower becomes a member of an in-group or an out-group? a. The leader's competence b. The leader's perception of the follower c. The follower's perception of the leader d. The follower's competence e. The size of the work group

The leader's perception of the follower

According to the Leadership Grid, who would be the most effective leader?

The manager who always chats with employees and constantly strives to improve worker production

The feedback phase of the communication begins when the __________ the message a. sender encodes b. receiver decodes c. the receiver responds to d. the initial sender translates e. the receiver understands

The receiver responds to

Which of the following is NOT a part of initiating-structure behavior, as identified in the Ohio State leadership studies? a. The leader clearly defines leader-subordinate roles. b. There is mutual trust and respect between the leader and subordinate. c. Subordinates are aware of what is expected of them in their positions. d. Channels of communication are established. e. Methods for accomplishing the task are determined.

There is mutual trust and respect between the leader and subordinate

What type of leadership is focused on routine, regimented activities? a. Transactional leadership b. Charismatic leadership c. Transformational leadership d. Virtual leadership e. Strategic leadership

Transactional leadership

What type of leadership is focused on recognizing the need for change, creating a vision to guide that change, and executing the change effectively? a. Strategic leadership b. Charismatic leadership c. Transactional leadership d. Virtual leadership e. Transformational leadership

Transformational leadership

When dysfunctional conflict occurs,

Typically no one is satisfied with the outcome

The difference between leadership substitutes and leadership neutralizers is that substitutes make leadership _________, whereas neutralizers make leadership impossible. a. harder b. unnecessary c. challenging d. easier e. ineffective

Unnecessary

According to the LPC theory, tasks that are complex, non routine, and ambiguous are categorized as a. ideal for decision making b. unstructured c. favorable d. easily understood

Unstructured

________ conflict occurs due to perceived or actual incompatibilities in beliefs about what is right or wrong. a. relationship b. information c. process d. values e. task

Values

Which concept explores how managers lead through various distance technologies? a. transformational leadership b. virtual leadership c. charismatic leadership d. strategic leadership

Virtual leadership

In __________, the sender communicates a message without expecting or getting any feedback from the receiver. a. verbal communication b. nonverbal communication c. one-way communication d. body language e. two-way communication

one-way communication

In the leader-member exchange model (LMX), each superior-subordinate pair is referred to as a. a vertical dyad b. a linking mechanism c. an in-group d. a matched set

A vertical dyad

Which conflict resolution strategy entails giving the other party what it wants? a. competing b. compromising c. collaborating d. accommodating e. avoiding

Accommodating

Substitutes for leadership can come from which of the following? a. None of these are correct. b. All of these are correct. c. The task d. Subordinates e. The organization

All of these are correct

Leadership can be viewed as a. neither a process nor a property b. a property only c. a process only d. a universally understood characteristic e. both a process and a property

Both a process and a property

Which conflict resolution strategy reflects a desire to give both parties what they want? a. collaborating b. compromising c. avoiding d. competing

Collaborating

Which conflict resolution strategy entails pursuing one's interests without any regard for the other party's? a. collaborating b. avoiding c. competing d. compromising e. accommodating

Competing

Which conflict resolution strategy requires both sides to sacrifice something in order to end the conflict? a. accommodating b. competing c. compromising d. avoiding e. collaborating

Compromising

One conclusion of the Ohio State studies was that a leader who focuses on subordinates' feelings and ideas is exhibiting a. employee-centered leader behavior b. initiating-structure behavior c. consideration behavior d. job-centered leader behavior e. task-oriented leader behavior

Consideration behavior

________ conflict balances the interests of both parties to maximize mutual gains and the attainment of mutual goals. a. information b. values c. constructive d. dysfunctional e. structural

Constructive

__________ is the process by which the receiver of a message interprets its meaning. a. language b. communication c. feedback d. decoding e. encoding

Decoding

Which leadership style of the Hersey and Blanchard model entails allowing followers to work independently with little or no overseeing? a. Selling b. Telling c. Situational d. Participating e. Delegating

Delegating

The goal in studying the behavioral approach of leadership is to a. define a standard list of leader characteristics. b. categorize a set of behaviors as effective or ineffective in terms of making decisions. c. determine what behaviors are associated with effective leadership. d. study the behavior patterns of several well-known historical leaders. e. match a set of behaviors with corresponding situations.

Determine what behaviors are associated with effective leadership

Which of the following applies more to a function of leadership rather than a function of management? a. producing a degree of predictability and order leading to expected results by various stakeholders b. establishing detailed steps and timetables for achieving results c. developing a vision of the future d. monitoring results and identifying deviations e. establishing some structure for accomplishing plan requirements

Developing a vision of the future

__________ communication typically consists of messages about how to do a job, performance goals, the firm's policies, and how the company is performing. a. slow b. horizontal c. upward d. downward e. quick

Downward

________ conflict is destructive, and focused on emotions and differences between two parties. a. information b. constructive c. structural d. dysfunctional e. values

Dysfunctional

__________ leadership refers to the demonstration of morally upright conduct through personal actions and interpersonal relationships, and the promotion of such conduct to followers. a. Strategic b. Ethical c. Transformational d. Transactional e. Charismatic

Ethical

All of the following are associated with transactional leaders EXCEPT a. evaluating performance b. executing change c. making decisions d. assigning work

Executing change

__________ is the portion of communication that enables a receiver to indicate receipt and understanding of a message. a. decoding b. encoding c. symbolism d. feeback e. noise

Feedback

According to Hersey and Blanchard, what does appropriate leader behavior depend on? a. Follower loyalty b. Follower personality c. Follower readiness d. Organizational budgets e. Intragroup conflict

Follower readiness

The LPC theory of leadership was developed by a. Victor Vroom b. Charles Greene c. Fred Fiedler d. Arthur Jago

Fred Fiedler

The Michigan studies on leadership sought to determine the pattern of leadership behaviors that are likely to result in effective a. leader performance. b. individual performance. c. group performance. d. supervisor behavior. e. time management.

Group performance

According to the LMX model, the leader's _________ is a small group of trusted subordinates given more autonomy and responsibility than others. a. vertical dyad b. task force c. out-group d. in-group e. elite group

In-group

__________ is the ability to affect the perceptions, beliefs, attitudes, motivation, and/or behaviors of others. a. force b. power c. coercion d. authority e. influence

Influence

________ conflict occurs when people are misinformed or interpret things differently. a. relationship b. process c. values d. information e. task

Information

Which of the following occurs when the amount of information available exceeds our ability to process it? a. misperception b. information overload c. selective perception d. filtering

Information overload

Which of the following does NOT describe a behavior of charismatic leaders? a. initiating structured tasks and making assignments b. envisioning future trends and patterns c. setting high expectations for themselves and for others d. modeling behaviors consistent with meeting expectations

Initiating structured tasks and making assignments

According to the continuum of leadership behavior proposed by Tannenbaum and Schmidt, managerial characteristics include all of the following EXCEPT a. confidence in subordinates b. personal inclinations c. interest in the problem d. the manager's value system e. feelings of security

Interest in the problem

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of constructive conflict? a. it can stimulate new ideas b. it can promote healthy competition c. it can energize behavior d. it can result in higher-quality decisions e. it works best when people focus on emotions

It works best when people focus on emotions

One conclusion of the University of Michigan studies was that a leader who focuses on work procedures and performance is exhibiting a. consideration behavior b. employee-centered leader behavior c. job-centered leader behavior d. task-oriented leader behavior e. initiating-structure behavior

Job-centered leader behavior

The earliest studies of leadership focused on the traits, or personal characteristics, of leaders, but later research shifted to focus more on a. focus behavior b. leader behavior c. member behavior d. follower behavior e. charismatic behavior

Leader behavior

The in-group/out-group dichotomy is central to which model of leadership? a. Hersey and Blanchard b. Least-preferred coworker c. Leader-member exchange d. Vroom's decision tree e. Attribution theory Hide Feedback

Leader-member exchange

According to the LPC theory, what factor is presumed to have the biggest effect on the favorableness of a situation? a. leader-member relations b. leader position power c. leader personality d. organizational structure

Leader-member relations

Distinctions between management and leadership include all of the following EXCEPT a. management is more important in regard to creating and directing change. b. leadership is more concerned with establishing direction. c. management is more concerned with planning and budgeting. d. leadership is more involved in motivating and inspiring individuals. e. management more often focuses on controlling and problem solving.

Management is more important in regard to creating and directing change

The Leadership Grid, also called the ________ grid, is associated with the behavioral approach to leadership. a. contemporary b. trait c. interactive d. managerial e. contingency

Managerial

Upward communication usually provides feedback to

Managers

Each of the following is associated with transformational leaders EXCEPT a. managing routine work b. recognizing a need for change c. creating a vision to guide change d. executing change

Managing routine work

Ivan is trying to understand the concern of an angry customer, but several employees keep interrupting the conversion. These interruptions are an example of a. feeback b. miscommunication c. static d. channel deficiency e. noise

Noise

__________ refers to difficulties in the communication process that might arise due to some type of interference or distortion that occurs during transmission of a message, resulting in disruption of the communication process. a. decoding b. noise c. encoding d. feeback e. channel

Noise

Physical movements and body language are forms of a. communication medium b. personal communication c. visual communication d. physical communication e. nonverbal communication

Nonverbal communication

According to Project GLOBE, which category of leadership behavior refers to the extent to which leaders are nonautocratic and involve others in making decisions? a. Autonomous b. Humane-oriented c. Participative d. Team-oriented e. Self-protective

Participative

________ conflict is a disagreement about how to accomplish something. a. process b. information c. relationship d. task e. values

Process

Communication is defined as

a social process that involves information exchange.

All of the following are examples of oral communication in organizations EXCEPT a. a telephone call b. a conversation on cell phones c. sending a memo to colleagues d. reading a manual out loud to coworkers e. discussing a task

sending a memo to colleagues

Once a receiver provides feedback to a sender, the sender and receiver have engaged in a. one-way communication b. verbal communication c. nonverbal communication d. two-way communication e. body language

two-way communication