PATHO week 2

A patient presents to the physician's office with pinpoint hemorrhages on the skin. The patient is most likely between the ages of _____ years. A.6 months and 2 B.4 and 7 C.15 and 18 D.25 and 45

B

Blood flow is slow through capillaries because capillaries A.are so far away from the heart B.have the largest total cross-sectional area. C.are so narrow. D.have no smooth muscle.

B

Blood flow throughout the periphery is regulated by A.cardiac output. B.the autonomic nervous system. C.velocity. D.hemodynamics.

B

Clinical manifestations of chronic arterial obstruction include A. edema. B. intermittent claudication. C. decreased pressure proximal to the obstruction. D. distal hyperemia.

B

Peripheral edema is a result of A.arterial insufficiency. B.venous thrombosis. C.hypertension. D.atherosclerosis.

B

Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of A.Iron. B.intrinsic factor. C.folate. D.erythropoietin.

B

Risk factors for atherosclerosis include A.female gender. B. hyperlipidemia. C. high-protein diet. D.low-fiber diet.

B

The cause of the most common form of anemia is A.acute bleeding. B. iron deficiency. C.protein malnutrition. D.chronic disease.

B

The primary source of erythropoietin is provided by the A.bone marrow. B. kidney. C.lung. D.liver.

B

The prothrombin time (PT) and INR (international normalized ratio) measure the integrity of A.platelet function. B.extrinsic pathway. C.intrinsic pathway. D.fibrinolysis.

B

Transfusion reactions involve RBC destruction caused by A. donor antigens. B.recipient antibodies. C.donor T cells. D. Recipient T cells.

B

What is necessary for red blood cell production? A.Phosphate B. Iron C.Magnesium D. Calcium

B

What is the correct definition of complete remission (CR) of leukemia? A.CR is the absence of leukemic cells in the blood. B. CR is less than 5% blasts in marrow and normal CBC values. C.CR is absence of leukemic cells regardless of CBC values. D.CR is less than 5% leukemic cells in the blood.

B

When systemic vascular resistance is decreased, blood flow A.increases. B. decreases. C.stays the same. D.moves to the extremities.

B

Which condition enhances lymphatic flow? A.Increased tissue hydrostatic pressure B. Increased interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure C. Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure D. increased capillary oncotic pressure

B

Which is not a manifestation of acute arterial obstruction? A.Pain B.Purpura C.Pallor D.Pulselessness

B

A low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) are characteristic of which type of anemia? A.Vitamin B12 deficiency B.Folate deficiency C.Iron deficiency D.Erythropoietin deficiency

C

Activation of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by A.platelet factors. B.collagen exposure. C.tissue thromboplastin. D.factor VII.

C

Certain autoimmune diseases are associated with the presence of specific proteins on a person's cells. These proteins are called ________ proteins. A.complement B.antibody receptor C.HLA or MHC D.TCR or BCR

C

Excessive red cell lysis can be detected by measuring the serum A.hemoglobin. B.methemoglobin. C.bilirubin. D.erythropoietin.

C

Renal insufficiency is a common complication of which disease? A.Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) B.Chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) C. Myeloma D.Hodgkin disease

C

The most effective therapy for anemia associated with kidney failure is A.Iron administration. B.high-protein diet. C. erythropoietin administration. D.vitamin B12 and folate administratio

C

Tissues are able to autoregulate their rate of blood flow by controlling A.perfusion pressure. B.arterial blood pressure. C. vascular resistance. D.venous return to the heart.

C

When a patient is struck in the eye by a baseball, the result is redness and swelling. This increase in blood flow to a localized area is called A.autoregulation. B.edema. C.Correct Answer hyperemia. D.hypoxia.

C

A commonly ingested substance associated with prolongation of the bleeding time is A.acetaminophen. B.tobacco. C.caffeine. D.aspirin.

D

A serious complication of deep vein thrombosis is A.stroke. B.hypertensive crisis. C.extremity necrosis. D.pulmonary embolus.

D

An important mediator of a type I hypersensitivity reaction is A.complement. B. antigen-antibody immune complexes. C.T cells. D.histamine.

D

An increase in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen occurs with A.hyperthermia. B.shift to the right. C.elevated PCO2. D.shift to the left.

D

Two of the most serious oncology emergencies associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma are obstruction of the superior vena cava and compression of the spinal cord. True False

True

Autologous stem cell transplantation is a procedure in which A.there is a high rejection rate. B.stem cells are transferred to the patient from an HLA-matched donor. C.stem cells are transferred to the patient from an identical twin. D. stem cells are harvested from the patient and then returned to the same patient.

D

Patients who experience anemic episodes when exposed to certain drugs most likely have A.thalassemia. B.spherocytosis. C.sickle cell anemia. D.glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.

D

The final step in clot formation is A.conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. B.platelet degranulation and adhesion. C.conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. D.clot retraction.

D

The goal of long term heparin for the management of a deep vein thrombosis is to A.relieve edema. B.prevent clot dislodgement. C.dissolve the thrombus. D.prevent further clot formation.

D

The hypersensitivity reaction that does not involve antibody production is type A.I. B.II. C.III. D.IV.

D

The most common primary immune deficiency that affects only B cells is A. DiGeorge. B. Bruton agammaglobulinemia. C.Wiskott-Aldrich. D. selective IgA.

D

The movement of blood through the vascular system is opposed by the force of A.viscosity. B.The vessel length. C.the vessel radius. D. resistance.

D

The patient is a 12-year-old boy diagnosed with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). As part of treatment, the patient must undergo several weeks of chemotherapy. The most serious complication of chemotherapy is A.vomiting. B.anemia. C.alopecia. D.infection.

D

The principle Ig mediator of type I hypersensitivity reactions is A.IgA. B.IgG. C.IgM. D. IgE.

D

Venous obstruction leads to edema because it ________ pressure. A.increases capillary oncotic B.increases arterial blood C.decreases tissue D. increases capillary hydrostatic

D

What is the effect on resistance if the radius of a vessel is halved? A.Resistance doubles. B.Resistance decreases by a factor of 16. C.Resistance decreases by half. D.Resistance increases by a factor of 16.

D

Which characteristic is indicative of hemolytic anemia? A.Increased total iron-binding capacity B.ncreased heart rate C.Hypovolemia D. Jaundice

D

Which form of leukemia demonstrates the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome? A.ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia) B. CLL (chronic lymphoid leukemia) C. AML (acute myeloid leukemia) D. CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)

D

Seasonal allergic rhinitis is most involved in type II hypersensitivity reactions. True False

False

Vaccination for pneumococcal pneumonia should be performed before 1 year of age in patients with sickle cell anemia. True False

False

A 5-year-old patient's parents report loss of appetite and fatigue in their child. The parents also state that the child refuses to walk as a result of pain. The child's most likely diagnosis is A.ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia) B.CLL (chronic lymphoid leukemia) C.AML (acute myeloid leukemia) D.CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)

A

A diagnostic laboratory finding in myeloma is A. Bence Jones proteins in the urine. B. decreased platelet count. C.increased IgM antibody titer. D.elevated blood glucose levels.

A

A laboratory test finding helpful in confirming the diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia is A.elevated total iron-binding capacity. B.elevated MCHC and MCV. C.elevated total and indirect bilirubin. D.positive direct or indirect Coombs test.

A

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome is an example of a(n) A.deficient immune response. B.excessive immune response. C. primary acquired immunodeficiency. D.hypersensitivity reaction.

A

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome is an example of a(n) A.deficient immune response. B.excessive immune response. C.primary acquired immunodeficiency. D.hypersensitivity reaction.

A

The Philadelphia chromosome is a balanced chromosome translocation that forms a new gene called A. bcr-abl. B. Rb. C. p53. D. ARA-c.

A

Which is not considered to be a risk factor for thrombus formation? A.Thrombocytopenia B.Vascular trauma C.Stasis of blood flow D. Circulatory shock

A

Treatment for hemophilia A includes A.heparin administration. B.factor IX replacement. C.factor VIII replacement. D.platelet transfusion.

c